The use of oral and maxillofacial pathology services by general pathologists and their attitude towards it in Saudi Arabia.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Binmadi NO
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5556304 | biostudies-other | 2017 Aug
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:OBJECTIVES:To determine the factors motivating the consumers towards self-medication, the intended indications and the consumers' perceptions about complications that may arise due to its use. DESIGN:Cross-sectional community based prospective study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY:Community pharmacies located at various locations of Hail, Saudi Arabia from January 2019 to March 2019. METHODS:The subjects of this cross-sectional study were people visiting community pharmacies for self-medication. Data on 663 participants was collected through a validated questionnaire prepared on the basis of WHO guidelines for the regulatory assessment of medicinal products for use in self-medication. Two trained data collectors visited the randomly selected community pharmacies, approached and interviewed the consumers purchasing medicines without prescriptions. Data was entered in SPSS and analyzed using descriptive and inferential analyses (alpha level = 0.05). RESULTS:Out of 663 respondents, 68.6% were university graduates; and 33.9% were healthcare professionals. Consumers preferred self-medication mainly for headache (85.8%), cold and sore throat (80.8%), cough (75.7%) and fever (71.8%) with the justification that these illnesses were minor (90.2%), time saving (82.2%), convenient (74.7%), quicker relief (66.1%), and economical (61.2%). Occupation was significantly associated with the reasons for preferring self-medication (p<0.001). Similarly, age, gender and education were also significantly associated with most of the reasons for opting self-medication. People were quite aware about harmful consequences of self-medication. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the respondents with lower education (AOR = 2.404 [95% CI: 1.579-3.661]), non-healthcare professionals (AOR = 1.712 [95% CI: 1.143-2.565]) and higher monthly income (AOR = 0.376 [95% CI: 0.236-0.599]) preferred self-medication (p <0.001, p = 0.009, p <0.001) respectively. CONCLUSION:Self-medication was prevalent among young university graduate males for minor ailments mainly due to convenience and time saving. Despite people beliefs about the harmful consequences of self-medication, its use was omnipresent particularly among the respondents with lower education, non-healthcare professionals and people with higher monthly income.
| S-EPMC7188286 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Dietary supplements are products containing dietary elements including vitamins, minerals, amino acids, herbs, or botanicals. They can aid consumers with low dietary intake and quality, as well as those with high demands, by boosting nutritious value. A cross-sectional study was conducted among adults living in Saudi Arabia aged between 18-60 years old using online self-administered questionnaire. Information regarding sociodemographic characteristics, use and type of dietary supplements, and attitude toward and patterns of dietary supplement use was collected. The chi-square test, Pearson correlations, and the independent t-test were used. In total, 531 participants (115 men and 416 women) were included. Approximately half of the participants (51.8%, n = 275) used dietary supplements. Participants who were using dietary supplements were significantly younger (29.16 ± 9.32 years), more highly educated (85.5%, n = 235), and worked in the health sector (63.7%, n = 100). Herbal supplement use was associated with older age and female sex. Single mineral supplements were used more frequently by married, female, pregnant, or breastfeeding participants and those not working in the health sector. Fatty supplements were used more frequently by participants with a higher level of education. Regarding the attitude toward dietary supplement use, women, single participants, and health care workers showed a significant positive attitude. In-depth investigation into the amount of and reasons for dietary supplement use in the health sector is required. Additionally, educating pregnant and breastfeeding women on the importance of dietary supplements is necessary.
| S-EPMC9491604 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionAwareness of screening procedures and illness warning signals is critical for expanding and implementing screening programs in society, which would improve the odds of early identification of breast cancer.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, awareness, attitudes, and practices related to breast cancer risk factors, signs, symptoms and methods of screening among female faculty and students at Hail University in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 through February 2021 in the Hail region of Saudi Arabia. A closed-ended questionnaire, which consisted of 37 questions, was distributed online (using a Google Forms link) in both English and Arabic languages. Data was collected from 425 female subjects who participated in the study.ResultsThe study showed an overall knowledge level of 46.36% regarding breast cancer. Participants had average knowledge about risk factors, signs, and symptoms, whereas their awareness and practice of breast self-examination and screening methods were weak.ConclusionThe current study concluded that public awareness of breast cancer remains relatively low, and Saudi Arabia still needs several public awareness initiatives using mass media, such as television, the Internet, and radio, as well as social media. Special awareness programs should also be held in places where a large number of women can easily be reached, such as colleges, universities, and hospitals.
| S-EPMC10016680 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The aim was to understand dental students' experiences with oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) teaching, their confidence levels in performing routine dento-alveolar operations, and the relationship between the students' confidence level and the number of teeth extracted during the clinical practice.The survey questionnaire was distributed to 32 students at Aljouf University College of Dentistry, Saudi Arabia during their fourth and fifth year in 2015. Respondents were asked to rate 19 items, which represent a student's confidence in performing routine surgical interventions, using a four-point Likert scale (1=very little confidence, 4=very confident). A multivariate regression was computed between average confidence and the variables: weekly hours devoted to studying oral and maxillofacial surgery, college grade point average, and the total number of teeth extracted.The response rate was 100%. Students revealed the highest level of confidence in giving local anesthesia (96.9%), understanding extraction indications (93.8%), and performing simple extractions (90.6%). Less confidence was shown with handling difficult extractions (50.0%), extracting molars with separation (50.0%) or extracting third molars (56.3%). The average confidence in performing surgical procedures was 2.88 (SD=0.55), ranging from 1.79 to 3.89. A given student's confidence increased with an increase in the total number of teeth extracted (P=0.003).It reveals a significant impact of undergraduate clinical training on students' confidence in performing oral and maxillofacial surgery clinical procedures: The more clinical experience the students had, the more confidence they reported.
| S-EPMC4607882 | biostudies-other
Project description:IntroductionMedication Therapy Management (MTM) is identified as a group of services provided to the patient in order to optimize the medication use in order to mitigate adverse drug reactions (ADRs), drug-drug interaction (DDI), and polypharmacy. Elderly populations above 60 years old are at high risk for Medication-related Problems (MRPs) due to several factors. Therefore, MTM programs showed good contributions globally regarding enhancing medication use in the elderly population. Thus, evident information regarding its implementation in Saudi Arabia is lacking in the literature.ObjectiveOur objective is to assess community pharmacists' knowledge, attitude, and barriers to providing MTM services to the older adult population in Saudi Arabia.MethodologyA cross-sectional study has been conducted among community pharmacists across the Kingdom. It was survey-based research that was designed and conducted through (QuestionPro). The survey was distributed for the community pharmacists from Feb-May 2023 via (QuestionPro). Descriptive analysis was performed using SAS OnDemand to analyze the categorical variables and test it with the outcome of interest.ResultsOut of the 528 participants who have viewed our questionnaire, 319 participants have completed the survey in 5 min average time. Most of our participants were male, holding a bachelor's degree, and had an average working load of more than 40 h a week, respectively (84.95%, 92.48%, and 76.18%). In addition, the participants were from different regions of the Kingdom, which enhanced the generalizability of our findings. Moreover, 65.52% have reported a higher level of knowledge, while 34.48% have reported a moderate to low level of knowledge regarding MTM service. Most of those with a higher level of knowledge maintain a positive attitude regarding MTM service, its implementation, and dealing with older adult patients in the community pharmacy. In addition, lacking the time, training, and presence of a private consultation room were the top barriers to provide MTM services in the community pharmacy in Saudi Arabia.ConclusionEducational sessions regarding MTM services among the older adult population are highly recommended for community pharmacists before its implementation.
| S-EPMC10671085 | biostudies-literature
Project description:M-commerce has the potential to change consumers’ shopping habits and establish itself as a significant commerce channel. People rely on digital devices more than ever before, and the growth in M-commerce predicts that mobile will become the preferred channel for online shopping soon. This study is aimed at examining the effect of personal factors, economic factors, ease of doing factors, and safety-related factors due to Covid-19 on the adoption and use of M-commerce services among customers in Saudi Arabia. The study is empirical and is based on survey responses from 340, M-commerce customers in Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire method was used to collect the data. ANOVA and bivariate regression analysis were used to evaluate the collected data. The results showed that four independent variables, namely, personal, economic, ease of doing, and safety factors during the Covid-19 pandemic, are significant predictors of the dependent variable, adoption and use of M-commerce services by the customers. These factors influence customers’ purchasing decisions when they use M-commerce services. The study also concluded that the frequency of using M-commerce has increased during the Covid-19 pandemic because of health, safety, and social distancing guidelines. One of the main limitation of the study is the few selective constructs for the research. The finding of the study will be beneficial to the customers to understand the significance of M-commerce services, especially during pandemic situations. M-commerce services; Personal factors; Ease of doing factors; Economic factors; Covid-19 pandemic factors.
| S-EPMC9834744 | biostudies-literature
Project description:AIMS:Group B streptococcus (GBS) is one of the most frequent bacterial pathogens causing invasive infections in neonates. It can be transmitted from colonised mother to neonates around delivery. Screening strategies for GBS during pregnancy include either universal culture-based or risk-based screening. The present study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and current practices of pregnant women towards GBS screening in Al-Madinah City, Saudi Arabia. METHODS:A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Madinah Maternity and Children Hospital, Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia, from May to July 2018. Participants were recruited from postnatal wards. Participants were interviewed using a previously published validated survey that was divided into the following domains: demographic data, knowledge, experience and attitude towards different GBS screening strategies. RESULTS:A total of 377 out of 450 women (response rate 83.7%) were enrolled. The results showed that the overall mean knowledge score of the pregnant women towards GBS screening was 59.8%. Majority of the women (66.8%) were not aware of the GBS bacterium, while 86.5% of them had never been informed of GBS risk assessment during their pregnancies. The mean knowledge score among women who were aware of GBS (62.8%) was significantly higher than that among women who were not (58.4%) (p=0.015). However, majority of the pregnant women (61.8%) showed preference for universal culture-based GBS screening strategy over risk-based strategy. CONCLUSION:The study results have concluded that the level of awareness and knowledge about GBS among pregnant women were relatively poor; however, majority of the pregnant women prefer universal culture-based screening.
| S-EPMC7045259 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe practice of hand hygiene (HH) has prime importance among Health Care Professionals (HCPs) and non-compliance could cause adverse consequences. By keeping the importance of HH in mind, this study aims at investigating the knowledge and attitudes towards HH among medical students and interns at King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (SA).MethodsThe study includes 453 medical students and interns (189 males & 264 females). This study was completed in three months; from September to November 2017. The World Health Organization (WHO) HH questionnaire was used and data were analyzed on SPSS-21.ResultsTwo-third of the participants 292 (64.2%) had formal training in HH in the last three years. Almost half of the participants 254 (56.1%) had correct knowledge regarding the major course of transmission of potentially detrimental microbes among patients in the healthcare premises. Just 124 (27.4%) of the respondents had the correct knowledge about the most common basis of germs accountable for healthcare-related infections. Females had significantly better knowledge than males regarding the type of HH technique needed before palpation of the abdomen (177(54%) Vs. 151(46%); P < 0.002), before an injection (175(54.5%) Vs. 146(45.5%); P < 0.007), after emptying a bedpan (207(64.7%) Vs. 113(35.3%); P < 0.001), following discarding examination gloves (256(60.4% Vs. 168(39.6%); P < 0.001] and after exposure to blood (200(64.1%) Vs. 112(35.%); P < 0.001). Female participants had better knowledge than males regarding the type of HH actions. Females also had a significantly better attitude towards the importance of HH than males (240(62.5%) Vs. 144(37.5%); P < 0.001).ConclusionThe majority of the participants' knowledge regarding HH was not up to the mark; however, female students had better knowledge compared to male students. The medical students and interns' knowledge and positive attitude towards HH can play a pivotal role in preventing HCPs associated infections and it would overall decrease the infection-related burden on the hospital and governmental budgets. It is suggested that multi-dimensional plans are required to change this low compliance to a higher rate.
| S-EPMC6487179 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to determine the level of attitude and perception of Saudi pharmacy students toward working in community pharmacies after graduation and to assess cultural, educational, and job related barriers and limitations that interfere with students and community pharmacy as a favorable workplace.MethodsA cross sectional questionnaire, was mailed to a random sample of 600 pharmacy students. It included questions on students' future careers, ideal environment and barriers that might face them in community pharmacy.ResultsFour hundreds and twelve (412) completed the survey (response rate was 69%). Mean age was 23 years and 51.2% of respondents were female. Our results revealed low responses toward how interested they are to work in community pharmacy. The study response showed that improvement in salary and money incomes (46%) and culture and society issue (45%) are the two main barrier to make the career in community pharmacy more attractive.ConclusionsSaudi pharmacy students had a negative attitudes and insufficient knowledge about community pharmacy. Pharmacy school would have an important role to fill the knowledge gap and prepare the student to work in the community pharmacy. In order to successfully "Saudization" the community pharmacy setting, efforts should be made to overcome their perceived barriers.
| S-EPMC7132600 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundHealth care professionals have an important role in increasing awareness about smoking harms and serving as role models. This study aims to assess knowledge, attitude and perception toward electronic cigarettes (ECs) as well as prevalence of ECs use among male health colleges students.MethodThis is a cross-sectional survey-based study conducted among students in the male campus of five different health colleges over a 4-month period from February 2020 to May 2020. Descriptive analysis was used to assess the knowledge, perception and attitude, and inferential testing was used to evaluate the association of different participant's variables and knowledge toward ECs usage using SPSS.ResultsA total of 333 students were included in the analysis. Most of students (n = 205; 61.6%) had never used ECs, while 22.8 and 15.6% used them for recreational and smoking cessation purposes, respectively. Focusing on ECs users from each college individually, medical students had the highest prevalence followed by dental, pharmacy and nursing students (47.4, 40.7, 34.5, and 32%, respectively). Many students had misconceptions and a low level of knowledge about ECs, such as recognizing them as smoking-cessation tools and not knowing whether toxic and carcinogenic components levels in ECs are similar to conventional cigarettes, respectively. Medical students had significantly higher knowledge compared to dental students [3 (2) vs. 2 (1); p = 0.033]. Moreover, smokers were less knowledgeable than non-smokers [2.5 (1) vs. 2.1 (1), p = 0.027]. At least 62.8% of students perceived using ECs as a fashionable alternative smoking method and 59.2% believed that they may become a gateway for smoking addiction. Only 120 (36.0%) health colleges students were confidently able to advise smokers regarding ECs.ConclusionOur study highlights an increased trend of ECs use accompanied with insufficient knowledge and several misconceptions about ECs among health colleges students. This was associated with a negative influence on their attitude toward ECs use, which would potentially lead to negative consequences on public health.
| S-EPMC9580394 | biostudies-literature