Electronic cigarette use and exposure in the pediatric population.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Collaco JM
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5557497 | biostudies-other | 2015 Feb
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:Background: The microbiome is increasingly being linked to cancer risk. Little is known about the lung and oral cavity microbiomes in healthy smokers (SM), and even less for electronic cigarette (EC) users, compared healthy never-smokers (NS). Methods: In a cross-sectional pilot study of SM (N=8), EC users (N=10) and NS (N=10) saliva and bronchoscopy-collected bronchoalveolar lavage samples were collected. Bacteria species were identified through metatranscriptome profiling by RNA-sequencing to study associations with the lung and oral microbiome. Pairwise comparisons and linear modeling was assessed with false discovery rates <0.1. Results: Total bacterial load was similar for the SM, EC users and NS, and there was no differences in the bacterial diversity across groups. In the lung, there were 44 bacterial species that were statistically significantly different for SM/NS, 80% of which were decreased in the SM. There were 12 bacterial species that were different for SM/EC users, all of which were decreased, 10 of which were also identified in the SM/NS comparison. The 2 bacterial species unique to SM/EC comparison were Neisseria sp. KEM232 and Curvibacter sp. AEP1-3. From the top 5 decreased species in SM/EC, 3 were also identified in the SM/NS comparison (Neisseria elongata, Neisseria sicca, and Haemophilus parainfluenzae) and 2 of these were unique to the SM/EC comparison (Neisseria zoodegmatis and Ottowia sp. oral taxon 894). There were 8 species increased in SM compared to NS, none of which are known to be clinically significant. In the oral microbiome, 152 bacteria species were differentially abundant for the SM/NS analysis, and only 17 for the EC/NS comparison, all which were also present in SM/NS comparisons. There were 21 bacteria that were differentially abundant in both the lung and oral cavity for SM and NS, 95% also were decreased in the SM. Conclusion: Smoking and EC use do not appear to materially affect the lung microbiome, although differences are noted of unclear clinical significance. Most differentially abundant bacteria decreased, which may be due to a toxic effect of cigarette smoke, including a change in humidity or heating. Given the low number of overlapping oral and lung microbes, the oral microbiome does not appear to be a good surrogate for smoking-related effects in the lung.
2022-07-13 | GSE180785 | GEO
Project description:Analysis of primary human bronchial epithelial cells grown in air liquid interface, exposed in vitro to whole tobacco cigarette smoke (48 puffs, 48 minutes) and electronic cigarette aerosol (400 puffs, 200 minutes). Electronic cigarette exposures included two flavors (menthol, tobacco) both with, and without nicotine.
2016-10-12 | GSE82137 | GEO
Project description:ObjectivesThe aim was to identify predictors of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among teenagers.Design and settingA prospective population-based cohort study of schoolchildren in northern Sweden.ParticipantsIn 2006, a cohort study about asthma and allergic diseases among schoolchildren started within the Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden studies. The study sample (n=2185) was recruited at age 7-8 years, and participated in questionnaire surveys at age 14-15 and 19 years. The questionnaire included questions about respiratory symptoms, living conditions, upper secondary education, physical activity, diet, health-related quality of life, parental smoking and parental occupation. Questions about tobacco use were included at age 14-15 and 19 years.Primary outcomeE-cigarette use at age 19 years.ResultsAt age 19 years, 21.4% had ever tried e-cigarettes and 4.2% were current users. Among those who were daily tobacco smokers at age 14-15 years, 60.9% had tried e-cigarettes at age 19 years compared with 19.1% of never-smokers and 34.0% of occasional smokers (p<0.001). Among those who had tried e-cigarettes, 28.1% were never smokers both at age 14-15 and 19 years, and 14.4% were never smokers among the current e-cigarette users. In unadjusted analyses, e-cigarette use was associated with daily smoking, use of snus and having a smoking father at age 14-15 years, as well as with attending vocational education, physical inactivity and unhealthy diet. In adjusted analyses, current e-cigarette use was associated with daily tobacco smoking at age 14-15 years (OR 6.27; 95% CI 3.12 to 12.58), attending a vocational art programme (OR 2.22; 95% CI 1.04 to 4.77) and inversely associated with eating a healthy diet (OR 0.74; 95% CI 0.59 to 0.92).ConclusionsE-cigarette use was associated with personal and parental tobacco use, as well as with physical inactivity, unhealthy diet and attending vocational upper secondary education. Importantly, almost one-third of those who had tried e-cigarettes at age 19 years had never been tobacco smokers.
| S-EPMC7778771 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundElectronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use is an increasingly common method of nicotine delivery in the general population. It is well-established that tobacco users are at increased risk to engage in hazardous drinking and meet criteria for alcohol use disorder (AUD) relative to nonusers. Less is known, however, about the risk of harmful alcohol use among people who use e-cigarettes. The current study reports on the association between e-cigarette and alcohol use in the U.S. population using a nationally representative sample.MethodsData from 36,309 adults who participated in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-Wave III were included in the study. The Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule (AUDADIS) measured past-year e-cigarette and alcohol use outcomes. Based on past-year e-cigarette use, respondents were categorized as nonusers, nondaily users, or daily users. Alcohol use outcomes were drinking quantity/frequency, binge drinking frequency, AUD diagnostic status, and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism-defined hazardous drinking status.ResultsControlling for demographic characteristics, daily and nondaily e-cigarette users showed increased risk of harmful alcohol use compared to e-cigarette nonusers, including hazardous drinking (adjusted odds ratios [AORs] = 1.69; 2.48), AUD (AORs = 1.89; 2.44), and binge drinking frequency (AORs = 1.30 to 3.30). Nondaily e-cigarette use was associated with higher levels of risk than was daily use. Secondary analyses examined alcohol use outcomes according to participants' patterns of dual tobacco cigarette/e-cigarette use. These analyses confirmed that e-cigarette use alongside tobacco cigarette use is associated with additive risk of harmful alcohol consumption, particularly among nondaily users.ConclusionsE-cigarette users, particularly those who engage in nondaily and dual use, show elevated rates of harmful alcohol use. Heavy drinking may constitute a source of health risk among e-cigarette users.
| S-EPMC6286236 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPassive exposure to combustible cigarette use has been shown to act as a cue to increase smoking urge. Given the resemblance of e-cigarettes and other electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) to combustible cigarettes, we examined whether these devices could also act as a cue to increase smoking desire and urges in those passively exposed.MethodsYoung adult daily smokers (age 18-35 years; N=60) completed subjective ratings before and after exposure to a study confederate drinking bottled water (control cue) and then smoking either a combustible or e-cigarette (active cue). Smoking desire and urge ratings were measured with visual analogue scale items for desire for a regular and an e-cigarette and the Brief Questionnaire of Smoking Urges.ResultsPassive exposure to both the e-cigarette and combustible cigarette cue significantly increased observers' ratings of desire and urge to smoke a regular cigarette (all ps<0.05). Exposure to the e-cigarette cue but not the regular cigarette cue also increased desire to smoke an e-cigarette (p<0.01).ConclusionsThe results provide the first evidence in a controlled setting that electronic cigarette exposure may evoke smoking urges in young adult daily smokers. With replication, these findings may have relevance for ENDS regulation and policy.
| S-EPMC4992990 | biostudies-literature
Project description:INTRODUCTION:Research shows that adolescents who are overweight or obese may be at greater risk of cigarette smoking, and that this relationship may vary by gender. However, this relationship is understudied for electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes). Given the high rate of adolescent obesity and the rise in e-cigarette use in adolescents, this relationship should be investigated. METHODS:Data are from the third wave (collected October 2015-January 2016) of the Texas Adolescent Tobacco and Marketing Surveillance system. Students were in the seventh, ninth, and 11th grades (n=2,733) from five counties surrounding four major Texas metropolitan areas (Houston, Austin, San Antonio, Dallas). Weighted logistic regression was used to determine if weight status (healthy weight, overweight, or obese) was correlated with ever and past 30-day cigarette or e-cigarette use, controlling for sociodemographics. Models were stratified by gender. Data analyses were conducted in March 2017. RESULTS:Compared with healthy-weight boys, obese boys had higher odds of past 30-day e-cigarette use (AOR=3.45, 95% CI=1.34, 8.33) and cigarette smoking (AOR=4.52, 95% CI=1.32, 15.51). There was no significant relationship between weight status and cigarette or e-cigarette use in girls. CONCLUSIONS:This study supports that there is a positive relationship between weight status and past 30-day cigarette and e-cigarette use for boys, but that there is no association for girls.
| S-EPMC5736419 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This study seeks to analyse the prevalence and correlates of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use, purchase location and satisfaction with its use in a sample of the general population of the city of Barcelona, Spain.We used participants from a longitudinal study of a representative sample of the adult (?16?years old) population of Barcelona (336 men and 400 women). The field work was conducted between May 2013 and February 2014. We computed the prevalence, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI).The prevalence of ever e-cigarette use was 6.5% (95% CI 4.7% to 8.3%): 1.6% current use, 2.2% past use and 2.7% only e-cigarette experimentation. 75% (95% CI 62.8% to 87.3%) of ever e-cigarette users were current cigarette smokers at the moment of the interview. E-cigarette use was more likely among current smokers (OR=54.57; 95% CI 7.33 to 406.38) and highly dependent cigarette smokers (OR=3.96; 95% CI 1.60 to 9.82). 62.5% of the ever users charged their e-cigarettes with nicotine with 70% of them obtaining the liquids with nicotine in a specialised shop. 39.6% of ever e-cigarette users were not satisfied with their use, a similar percentage of not satisfied expressing the smokers (38.9%) and there were no statistically significant differences in the satisfaction between the users of e-cigarettes with and without nicotine.E-cigarette use is strongly associated with current smoking (dual use) and most users continue to be addicted to nicotine. Six out of 10 e-cigarette users preferred devices that deliver nicotine. The satisfaction with e-cigarette use is very low.
| S-EPMC4156815 | biostudies-other
Project description:ImportanceMillions of Americans use electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes). A growing number of state and local governments have started to draft and implement laws regarding the sale, marketing, and use of e-cigarettes. The association of US state regulations regarding e-cigarettes with e-cigarette use remains unknown.ObjectiveTo examine the association of US state regulations regarding e-cigarettes with current e-cigarette use among adults in the United States.Design, setting, and participantsThis cross-sectional study included adults aged 18 years or older from the 2016 and 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, which is a nationwide, telephone-administered survey that collects state-representative data on health-related risk behaviors, chronic health conditions, and use of preventive services. Data analysis was performed from February 1, 2019, to April 31, 2019.ExposuresUnited States state laws regulating e-cigarette use, including prohibiting e-cigarette use in indoor areas of private workplaces, restaurants, and bars; requiring retailers to purchase a license to sell e-cigarettes; prohibiting self-service displays of e-cigarettes; prohibiting sales of tobacco products, including e-cigarettes, to persons younger than 21 years; and e-cigarette taxes.Main outcomes and measuresCurrent use of e-cigarettes.ResultsAmong 894 997 participants aged 18 years or older (503 688 women [51.3%], 679 443 non-Hispanic white [62.6%], 71 730 non-Hispanic black [16.3%], 69 823 Hispanic [11.4%], and 74 001 non-Hispanic other races [9.8%]), 28 907 (weighted prevalence, 4.4%) were currently using e-cigarettes. The age-standardized weighted prevalence of current e-cigarette use varied across US states and territories, from 1.0% in Puerto Rico to 6.2% in Guam. After adjustment for demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle factors, including conventional cigarette use, the odds ratios of current e-cigarette use were 0.90 (95% CI, 0.83-0.98) for state laws prohibiting e-cigarette use in indoor areas of private workplaces, restaurants, and bars; 0.90 (95% CI, 0.85-0.95) for state laws requiring retailers to purchase a license to sell e-cigarettes; 1.04 (95% CI, 0.99-1.09) for state laws prohibiting self-service displays of e-cigarettes; 0.86 (95% CI, 0.74-0.99) for state laws prohibiting sales of tobacco products, including e-cigarettes, to persons younger than 21 years; and 0.89 (95% CI, 0.83-0.96) for state laws applying taxes to e-cigarettes.Conclusions and relevanceThese findings suggest that several state regulations regarding e-cigarettes may be associated with reduced e-cigarette use among US adults.
| S-EPMC7042861 | biostudies-literature
Project description:INTRODUCTION:Use of tobacco products among adolescents is a major global public health concern. Given the changing landscape of tobacco product use and the lack of epidemiologic data to inform tobacco prevention and control strategies in Kuwait, this study sought to estimate the prevalence and patterns of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette), conventional cigarette, and hookah use among adolescents in Kuwait. Moreover, exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) and secondhand aerosol (SHA) from e-cigarettes was assessed. METHODS:This cross-sectional study enrolled high school students (n=1565; 16-19 years) across Kuwait. Current (past 30-day) use of e-cigarettes, conventional cigarettes, and hookah were assessed through self-reported data. Additionally, current (past 7-day) exposure to SHS and SHA in households and public places were ascertained. Associations were evaluated using Poisson regression, and adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. RESULTS:Overall, 26.4% (402/1525), 25.1% (383/1525), and 20.9% (318/1525) of the study participants were current e-cigarette users, conventional cigarette smokers, and hookah smokers, respectively. Current use of any tobacco product was reported by 35.1% (535/1525) of the total study participants. The prevalence of concurrent triple use of 'e-cigarettes, conventional cigarettes, and hookah' was estimated to be 12.8% (195/1525). Also, among the study participants, 41.9% (619/1479) were exposed to household SHS, 32.0% (469/1465) were exposed to household SHA, and 62.2% (916/1472) were exposed to SHS and/or SHA in public places. Male adolescents were more likely than females to be current e-cigarette users (APR=5.19; 95% CI: 4.09-6.57), conventional cigarette smokers (APR=5.42; 95% CI: 4.26-6.90), and hookah smokers (APR=3.43; 95% CI: 2.72- 4.32). CONCLUSIONS:A substantial proportion of adolescents in Kuwait are currently using tobacco products and being exposed to SHS/SHA. The findings emphasize the need to continue monitoring all forms of tobacco product use among adolescents and to strengthen tobacco prevention and control programs.
| S-EPMC7398596 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe purpose was to assess prevalence and correlates of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use in Greece in 2017.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of 4058 adults living in Attica prefecture (35% of the Greek adult population) was performed in May 2017 through telephone interviews. Prevalence and frequency of e-cigarette use were assessed according to the smoking status, and logistic regression analysis was performed to identify correlates of use.ResultsCurrent smoking was reported by 32.6% of participants. Ever e-cigarette use was reported by 54.1% (51.4-56.8%) of current smokers, 24.1% (21.7-26.5%) of former smokers and 6.5% (5.3-7.7%) of never smokers. Past experimentation was the most prevalent pattern of e-cigarette use among ever users (P?<?0.001). Almost 80% of ever and 90% of current e-cigarette users were using nicotine. Extrapolated to the whole Attica population (3.1 million), there were 1 million current smokers, 848,000 ever e-cigarette users and 155,000 current e-cigarette users. The majority of current e-cigarette users (62.2%) were former smokers. Only 0.2% of never smokers were current e-cigarette users. One out of 20 participants considered e-cigarettes a lot less harmful than smoking. Being current or former smoker were the strongest correlates current e-cigarette use (OR 30.82, 95%CI 10. 21-69.33 and OR 69.33, 95%CI 23.12-207.90 respectively).ConclusionsE-cigarette use in Greece is largely confined to current or former smokers, while current use and nicotine use by never smokers is extremely rare. The majority of current e-cigarette users were former smokers. Most participants overestimate the harmfulness of e-cigarettes relative to smoking.
| S-EPMC5899338 | biostudies-literature