Carbon dioxide laser versus stapler-assisted endoscopic Zenker's diverticulotomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Parker NP
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5560916 | biostudies-other | 2014 May
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:Background/aimsMucosal incision-assisted biopsy (MIAB) for tissue acquisition (TA) from subepithelial lesions (SELs) is emerging as an alternative to endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided TA. Only a limited number of studies compared the diagnostic utility of MIAB and EUS for upper gastrointestinal (GI) SELs; therefore, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsA comprehensive literature search from January 2020 to January 2022 was performed to compare the diagnostic accuracy and safety of MIAB and EUS-guided TA for upper GI SELs.ResultsSeven studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled technical success rate (risk ratio [RR], 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89-1.04) and procedural time (mean difference=-4.53 seconds; 95% CI, -22.38 to 13.31] were comparable between both the groups. The overall chance of obtaining a positive diagnostic yield was lower with EUS than with MIAB for all lesions (RR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.71-0.98) but comparable when using a fine-needle biopsy needle (RR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.83-1.04). The positive diagnostic yield of MIAB was higher for lesions <20 mm (RR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.63-0.89). Six studies reported no adverse events.ConclusionMIAB can be considered an effective alternative to EUS-guided TA for upper GI SELs without an increased risk of adverse events.
| S-EPMC9539302 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo compare the complications of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) with those of conventional phacoemulsification surgery (CPS) for age-related cataracts.MethodsPubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE were systematically searched for studies comparing FLACS and CPS. Outcomes were operative complications, including the intraoperative capsule tear, postoperative corneal edema, macular edema, uncontrolled IOP, etc. The effect measures were weighted with odds ratios with 95% CIs.ResultsNineteen RCTs and 18 cohort studies, including 24,806 eyes (11,375 of the FLACS group and 13,431 of the CPS group), were identified. There were no significant differences between the two groups in anterior capsule tear, corneal edema, macular edema, uncontrolled IOP, vitreous loss, posterior vitreous detachment, etc. Posterior capsule tear rate showed a significantly lower in RCT subgroups (P = 0.04) and without differences in total (P = 0.63). Significant differences were observed in the incidence of descemet membrane tear/trauma (P = 0.02) and IFIS/iris trauma (P = 0.04. Additionally, The FLACS specific complications showed a significantly higher rate of miosis (P < 0.0001), corneal epithelial defect (P = 0.001), corneal haze (P = 0.002), and subconjunctival hemorrhage (P = 0.01).ConclusionsFLACS maintains the same safety compared with CPS in terms of all intraoperative and postoperative complications. Although FLACS did show a statistically significant difference for several FLACS specific complications, it would not influence the visual outcome and heal itself.
| S-EPMC10577854 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundUpper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is the malignant transformation of urothelial cells, from the renal calyces to the ureteral orifices. While the benefits of minimally invasive nephroureterectomy over their open counterpart have been established, the optimal technique remains a debate. We aimed to assess current evidence in the literature and compare outcomes between robotic-assisted (RANU) and laparoscopic nephroureterectomy (LNU).MethodsA systematic review of the literature was performed for studies comparing RANU and LNU for bladder cancer. Outcome measurements were recurrence rates (local and distal), positive margins, positive lymph node yield and perioperative outcomes. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.ResultsOur results demonstrate a significantly higher mortality rate in patients undergoing laparoscopic nephroureterectomy when compared with the robotic-assisted approach for the treatment of UTUC (1.8% vs. 1.1%, p = 0.008); however, these results were inconsistent on sensitivity analysis and should therefore be interpreted with caution. No significant difference was observed for other outcomes.ConclusionThe ideal approach to minimally invasive radical nephroureterectomy remains undetermined. Future research, ideally prospective randomised studies, should focus on long-term outcomes, in particular recurrence, recurrence-free survival, overall survival and the correlation between surgical technique and survival.
| S-EPMC10071076 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background/aimsCarbon dioxide is increasingly used in insufflation during colonoscopy in adult patients; however, air insufflation remains the primary practice among pediatric gastroenterologists. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate insufflation using CO2 versus air in colonoscopies in pediatric patients.MethodsIndividualized search strategies were performed using MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and LILACS databases following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and Cochrane working methodology. Randomized control trials (RCTs) were selected for the present meta-analysis. Pooled proportions were calculated for outcomes including procedure time and abdominal pain immediately and 24 hours post-procedure.ResultsThe initial search yielded 644 records, of which five RCTs with a total of 358 patients (CO2: n=178 versus air: n=180) were included in the final analysis. The procedure time was not different between the CO2 and air insufflation groups (mean difference, 10.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], -2.55 to 24.22; p=0.11). Abdominal pain immediately post-procedure was significantly lower in the CO2 group (risk difference [RD], -0.15; 95% CI; -0.26 to -0.03; p=0.01) while abdominal pain at 24 hours post-procedure was similar (RD, -0.05; 95% CI; -0.11 to 0.01; p=0.11).ConclusionBased on this systematic review and meta-analysis of RCT data, CO2 insufflation reduced abdominal pain immediately following the procedure, while pain was similar at 24 hours post-procedure. These results suggest that CO2 is a preferred insufflation technique when performing colonoscopy in pediatric patients.
| S-EPMC8039749 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundRobotic-assisted gastrectomy (RAG) has been used for gastric cancer since 2002. This meta-analysis was carried out to evaluate whether RAG is safer and more effective than conventional laparoscopically assisted gastrectomy (LAG) for gastric cancer.MethodsWe performed a manual search for these 2 types of operations (RAG and LAG) in the PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases up to April 30, 2016. Twelve nonrandomized controlled trials that reported on RAG and LAG for gastric cancer were included. Outcomes evaluated included operation time, number of retrieved lymph nodes, blood loss, length of the resection margin, complications, and postoperative hospital stay.ResultsA total of 3744 patients in 12 studies were included (1134 patients in the RAG group and 2610 patients in the LAG group). The operation time was significantly shorter in the LAG group [weighted mean difference (WMD) 42.0 (95% confidence interval, 95% CI 28.11-55.89) minutes; P < .00001], while the loss of blood volume was lower in the RAG group (P = .01). The number of retrieved lymph nodes, duration of postoperative stay, length of the proximal resection margin, length of the distal resection margin, and postoperative complications were similar between groups.ConclusionWe conclude that RAG is a safe and appropriate treatment for gastric cancer patients in comparison to LAG. Nevertheless, RAG is not superior to LAG. Future research on RAG should focus on comparing the differences in retrieved lymph nodes in different tiers, evaluating the postoperative recovery and reducing the cost of the treatment.
| S-EPMC5728759 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeThe goal of this study was to compare small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) with femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) for treating myopia.MethodsThe CENTRAL, EMBASE, PubMed databases and a Chinese database (SinoMed) were searched in May of 2016. Twelve studies with 1,076 eyes, which included three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and nine cohorts, met our inclusion criteria. The overall quality of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) working group framework. Data were extracted and analysed at three to six months postoperatively. Primary outcome measures included a loss of one or more lines of best spectacle corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) of 20/20 or better, mean logMAR UCVA, postoperative mean spherical equivalent (SE) and postoperative refraction within ±1.0 D of the target refraction. Secondary outcome measures included ocular surface disease index (OSDI), tear breakup time (TBUT) and Schirmer's 1 test (S1T) as dry eye parameters, along with corneal sensitivity.ResultsThe overall quality of evidence was considered to be low to very low. Pooled results revealed no significant differences between the two groups with regard to a loss of one or more lines in the BSCVA (OR 1.71; 95% CI: 0.81, 3.63; P = 0.16), UCVA of 20/20 or better (OR 0.71; 95% CI: 0.44, 1.15; P = 0.16), logMAR UCVA (MD 0.00; 95% CI: -0.03, 0.04; P = 0.87), postoperative refractive SE (MD -0.00; 95% CI: -0.05, 0.05; P = 0.97) or postoperative refraction within ±1.0 D of the target refraction (OR 0.78; 95% CI: 0.22, 2.77; P = 0.70) within six months postoperatively. The pooled analysis also indicated that the FS-LASIK group suffered more severely from dry eye symptoms (OSDI; MD -6.68; 95% CI: -11.76, -2.00; P = 0.006) and lower corneal sensitivity (MD 12.40; 95% CI: 10.23, 14.56; P < 0.00001) at six months postoperatively.ConclusionsIn conclusion, both FS-LASIK and SMILE are safe, effective and predictable surgical options for treating myopia. However, dry eye symptoms and loss of corneal sensitivity may occur less frequently after SMILE than after FS-LASIK.
| S-EPMC4930219 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionRobot-assisted devices have been recently developed for use in prostate biopsy. However, it is possible advantages over standard biopsy remain unclear. We aimed to assess the diagnostic performance and safety of robot-assisted targeted (RA-TB) and systematic prostate biopsies (RA-SB).MethodsA systematic literature search was performed in MEDLINE and Scopus databases. The detailed search strategy is available at Prospero (CRD42021269290). The primary outcome was the clinically significant prostate cancer (PCa) detection rate. The secondary outcomes included the overall detection rate of PCa, cancer detection rate per core, and complications.ResultsThe clinically significant cancer detection rate, overall cancer detection rate, and "per patient" did not significantly differ between RA-TB and RA-SB [OR = 1.02 (95% CI 0.83; 1.26), p = 0.05, I2 = 62% and OR = 0.95 (95% CI 0.78; 1.17), p = 0.17, I2 = 40%, respectively]. There were no differences in the clinically insignificant cancer detection rate "per patient" between RA-TB and RA-SB [OR = 0.81 (95% CI 0.54; 1.21), p = 0.31, I2 = 0%]. RA-TB had a significantly higher cancer detection rate "per core" [OR = 3.01 (95% CI 2.77; 3.27), p < 0.0001, I2 = 96%].ConclusionRA-TB and RA-SB are both technically feasible and have comparable clinical significance and overall PCa detection rates.
| S-EPMC9954527 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Systematic review of literature on patient-reported voice handicap following T1 glottic squamous cell carcinoma treatment using transoral laser microsurgery or radiation therapy.PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus (1997-2013).These data sources were searched for papers reporting Voice Handicap Index (VHI) after treatment of early glottic carcinoma. Review and reference cross-checking were performed using a priori selection criteria. Study data were abstracted and publication quality categorized independently by 2 authors. Corresponding authors were contacted to maximize data for analysis. Meta-analysis was performed only with studies that included both treatment modalities, to reduce heterogeneity and maximize rigor; random effects modeling was used to pool results.Eighteen publications were identified that reported VHI data following surgery and radiotherapy for T1 glottic carcinoma. No studies were randomized. When studies that reported multiple T-stages or systematic treatment selection bias were excluded, 8 retrospective cohort studies describing 362 patients were suitable for meta-analysis. Follow-up time (mean, 47 months; range, 1-298 mo) and extent of surgical excision varied across studies. Six studies showed no VHI difference between treatment arms; 2 favored radiotherapy over surgery (1 of which reported transmuscular cordectomy for all surgical patients); and none favored surgery. Meta-analysis showed no significant difference in posttreatment VHI between radiotherapy and surgery (mean difference, -5.52; 95% confidence interval, -11.40, 0.36; heterogeneity I (2) = 61%, P = .01).VHI scores were comparable following transoral laser microsurgery and radiation therapy for T1 glottic carcinoma in the current literature, suggesting no clinically significant difference in functional voice outcomes between treatment types.
| S-EPMC5560897 | biostudies-other
Project description:Acne is a common inflammatory condition that mostly involves the face, chest and back. A number of different modalities had been employed for treating scars of which laser remains to be a pivotal choice. We aimed to compare the efficacy of topical timolol maleate 0.5% after fractional CO2 (AFCO2) laser versus fractional CO2 Laser alone for treatment of atrophic acne scars. A split-face comparative clinical experiment on 30 cases of atrophic post-acne scars that were treated on one side with ablative fractional CO2 laser followed by timolol application while with only ablative fractional CO2 laser on the other side. Following treatment, both sides demonstrated significant improvement with the laser + timolol treated side showing better improvement; yet not significantly higher than the laser only treated side. In conclusion, both topical timolol maleate 0.5% after fractional CO2 laser and fractional CO2 laser may achieve comparable significant improvement. The good safety profile, easy accessibility, low cost, and non-invasive nature merits the use of timolol in acne scars pending verification by larger sample reproduced and controlled trials.
| S-EPMC10256714 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundAcute respiratory failure (ARF) is a common clinical critical syndrome with substantial mortality. Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R) has been proposed for the treatment of ARF. However, whether ECCO2R could provide a survival advantage for patients with ARF is still controversial.MethodsElectronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane database) were searched from inception to 30 April 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies that examined the following outcomes were included: mortality, length of hospital and ICU stay, intubation and tracheotomy rate, mechanical ventilation days, ventilator-free days (VFDs), respiratory parameters, and reported adverse events.ResultsFour RCTs and five observational studies including 1173 participants with ARF due to COPD or ARDS were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled analyses of related studies showed no significant difference in overall mortality between ECCO2R and control group, neither in RCTs targeted ARDS or acute hypoxic respiratory failure patients (RR 1.05, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.32, p = 0.70, I2 =0.0%), nor in studies targeted patients with ARF secondary to COPD (RR 0.80, 95% CI 0.58 to 1.11, p = 0.19, I2 =0.0%). A shorter duration of ICU stay in the ECCO2R group was only obtained in observational studies (WMD -4.25, p < 0.01), and ECCO2R was associated with a longer length of hospital stay (p = 0.02). ECCO2R was associated with lower intubation rate (p < 0.01) and tracheotomy rate (p = 0.01), and shorter mechanical ventilation days (p < 0.01) in comparison to control group in ARF patients with COPD. In addition, an improvement in pH (p = 0.01), PaO2 (p = 0.01), respiratory rate (p < 0.01), and PaCO2 (p = 0.04) was also observed in patients with COPD exacerbations by ECCO2R therapy. However, the ECCO2R-related complication rate was high in six of the included studies.ConclusionsOur findings from both RCTs and observational studies did not confirm a significant beneficial effect of ECCO2R therapy on mortality. A shorter length of ICU stay in the ECCO2R group was only obtained in observational studies, and ECCO2R was associated with a longer length of hospital stay. ECCO2R was associated with lower intubation rate and tracheotomy rate, and shorter mechanical ventilation days in ARF patients with COPD. And an improvement in pH, PaO2, respiratory rate and PaCO2 was observed in the ECCO2R group. However, outcomes largely relied on data from observational studies targeted patients with ARF secondary to COPD, thus further larger high-quality RCTs are desirable to strengthen the evidence on the efficacy and benefits of ECCO2R for patients with ARF.Key messagesECCO2R therapy did not confirm a significant beneficial effect on mortality.ECCO2R was associated with lower intubation and tracheotomy rate, and shorter mechanical ventilation days in patients with ARF secondary to COPD.An improvement in pH, PaO2, respiratory rate, and PaCO2 was observed in ECCO2R group in patients with COPD exacerbations.Evidence for the future application of ECCO2R therapy for patients with ARF. The protocol of this meta-analysis was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022295174).
| S-EPMC9980035 | biostudies-literature