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Pattern separation performance is decreased in patients with early multiple sclerosis.

ABSTRACT: Hippocampal-dependent memory impairment is frequent and occurs early during the course of multiple sclerosis (MS). While mechanisms responsible for episodic memory dysfunction in patients with MS remain largely unknown, dentate gyrus structure has been suggested as particularly vulnerable at the early stage of the disease. If true, we hypothesized that the pattern separation component of episodic memory (a function known to be critically dependent to dentate gyrus function) would be impaired in patients with early MS (PweMS).Thirty eight participants (19 PweMS and 19 healthy controls matched on age, gender and education level) were tested with a behavioral pattern separation task and also for information processing speed and visuospatial episodic memory.We report a significant decrease in pattern separation performance in PweMS compared to healthy controls (27.07 vs. 40.01, p = .030 after Holm-Bonferroni correction, d = 1.02) together with a significantly higher pattern completion rate (56.11 vs. 40.95, p = .004 after Holm-Bonferroni correction, d = 1.07) while no difference was found among groups for information processing speed and "global" visuospatial episodic memory regarding learning, long-term recall or recognition.Our results suggest that behavioral pattern separation task can detect subtle memory decline in patients with MS and argue for early dentate gyrus dysfunction during the course of the disease.

SUBMITTER: Planche V

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5561305 | biostudies-other | 2017 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Circulating EZH2-positive T cells are decreased in multiple sclerosis patients.

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Multiple Sclerosis Pattern II Demyelinating Lesions

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series

2016-07-03 | E-GEOD-60943 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Multiple Sclerosis Pattern II Demyelinating Lesions

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

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Decreased prevalence of cancer in patients with multiple sclerosis: A case-control study.

Project description:Studies of cancer prevalence have produced conflicting results concerning the relative risk of overall and specific sub-types of cancer in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Contemporary controls and information on tobacco use and alcohol consumption are generally missing from previous studies.To evaluate lifetime cancer prevalence in a large cohort of MS patients relative to appropriate controls.We conducted a case-control study, using a postal survey of a cohort of MS patients. Of the 1574 questionnaires sent, 1107 could be used for statistical analysis. Data from 1568 controls were prospectively collected using the same self-administered survey among consecutive out-patients in a single neurology department. Propensity scores matched on age, gender, and history of smoking and alcohol consumption were calculated.Among the MS patients, 7.32% had ever presented with a cancer, whereas 12,63% of the controls had, leading to a bootstrap matched odds ratio (OR) of 0.63; 95% CI 0.57-0.70. Although only exploratory, the use of DMT (immunomodulators or immunosupressants) did not appear to increase this risk (p = 0.42). The disease course also did not affect cancer prevalence.MS was associated with a reduced overall cancer risk.

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