Post-Surgical Clinical Monitoring of Soft Tissue Wound Healing in Periodontal and Implant Surgery.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Pippi R
PROVIDER: S-EPMC5562125 | biostudies-other | 2017
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:Many orthopedic and surgical oncologists use a multidisciplinary approach to soft tissue sarcoma (STS) resection. This study assesses the role of immediate plastic surgeon involvement during index soft tissue sarcoma resection.MethodsAdult patients who underwent index STS resection between 2005 and 2018 were queried from an institutional database. Main outcomes analyzed were 90-day same-site reoperation, any-cause readmission, and wound healing complications. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify risk factors. Additional evaluation was then performed for the following two cohorts: patients with and without plastic surgeon involvement.ResultsIn total, 228 cases were analyzed. Multivariate regression demonstrated the following predictors for 90-day wound-healing complications: plastic surgery intervention [OR = 0.321 (0.141-0.728), P = 0.007], operative time [OR = 1.003 (1.000-1.006), P = 0.039], and hospital length of stay [OR = 1.195 (1.004-1.367), P = 0.010]. For 90-day readmission, operative time [OR = 1.004 (1.001-1.007), P = 0.023] and tumor stage [OR = 1.966 (1.140-3.389), P = 0.015] emerged as multivariate predictors. Patients whose resection included a plastic surgeon experienced similar primary outcomes despite these patients having expectedly longer operative times (220 ± 182 versus 108 ± 67 minutes, P < 0.001) and hospital length of stay (3.99 ± 3.69 versus 1.36 ± 1.97 days, P < 0.001).ConclusionsPlastic surgeon involvement emerged as a significant protector against 90-day wound healing complications. Cases that included plastic surgeons achieved similar complication rates in all categories relative to cases without plastic surgery intervention, despite greater operative time, hospital length of stay, and medical complications.
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Project description:A hypertensive phase frequently develops in the early postoperative period after glaucoma shunt operations. Anti-glaucoma eye drop use is essential when postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) is not controlled. We investigated whether the use of early topical anti-glaucoma medication affects wound healing following glaucoma tube surgery. Eyes were randomly assigned to receive topical aqueous suppressant (timolol-dorzolamide fixed combination), prostaglandin (PG) analogue (travoprost), or normal saline (control group). First, we observed the effects of topical eye drops on Tenon's tissue in non-operated eyes in rabbits. Second, we examined the effects of these eye drops on rabbit eyes that underwent Ahmed glaucoma drainage device implantation, including the effects on the histopathological appearance of their blebs. Interleukin-2 in the Tenon's tissue was elevated in the PG group when compared to the control and aqueous suppressant groups (P = 0.006). In non-operated eyes, IOP was similar among the groups (P = 0.545). After glaucoma implant surgery, the average height of the inner collagenous layer and the average height of the α-SMA-positive blebs were the least in the aqueous suppressant group (P = 0.013, P = 0.001, respectively) at 4 weeks postoperatively. IOP was lower in the aqueous suppressant group than that in the control and PG groups (P = 0.001) following tube surgery. After Ahmed tube surgery, early treatment with aqueous suppressant decreased fibrosis in the bleb, but early treatment with the PG analogues did not.
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Project description:Successful tissue repair requires the activities of myeloid cells such as monocytes and macrophages that guide the progression of inflammation and healing outcome. Immunoregenerative materials leverage the function of endogenous immune cells to orchestrate complex mechanisms of repair; however, a deeper understanding of innate immune cell function in inflamed tissues and their subsequent interactions with implanted materials is necessary to guide the design of these materials. Blood monocytes exist in two primary subpopulations, characterized as classical inflammatory or non-classical. While classical monocytes extravasate into inflamed tissue and give rise to macrophages or dendritic cells, the recruitment kinetics and functional role of non-classical monocytes remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that circulating non-classical monocytes are directly recruited to polymer films within skin injuries, where they home to a perivascular niche and generate alternatively activated, wound healing macrophages. Selective labeling of blood monocyte subsets indicates that non-classical monocytes are biased progenitors of alternatively activated macrophages. On-site delivery of the immunomodulatory small molecule FTY720 recruits S1PR3-expressing non-classical monocytes that support vascular remodeling after injury. These results elucidate a previously unknown role for blood-derived non-classical monocytes as contributors to alternatively activated macrophages, highlighting them as key regulators of inflammatory response and regenerative outcome.
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Project description:AimThis study evaluated the effects of a topical herbal patch (PerioPatch®) for gingival wound healing in a rat model.Materials and methodsA mid-crestal incision was performed on each side of the edentulous anterior maxilla in 48, 6-month-old, Wistar rats. Full-thickness flaps were raised, repositioned and sutured. Four experimental groups were established: herbal patch, placebo patch, no patch and no patch and no surgery. Patches were placed immediately after surgery and replaced every 12 h for the following 3 days. Half of the animals were killed after 5 and the remaining ones after 12 days. Tissue blocks were retrieved and processed for histological and immunohistochemical evaluation. Epithelial gap, collagen contents, amount of macrophages, cellular proliferation and vascular contents were evaluated in the central incision area. Statistical analysis consisted of two-way anova.ResultsThe herbal patch group presented the smallest epithelial gap at 12 days, the highest collagen content both at 5 and 12 days, a larger number of proliferating cells at day 5 and more numerous blood vessels at day 12. Macrophage number was similar in all groups.ConclusionHerbal patch improved wound healing in this animal model.
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Project description:Chronic wounds are a significant health care problem with serious implications for quality of life because they do not properly heal and often require therapeutic intervention. Amniotic membrane allografts have been successfully used as a biologic therapy to promote soft tissue healing; however, the umbilical cord, another placental-derived tissue, has also recently garnered interest because of its unique composition but similar placental tissue origin. The aim of this study was to characterize PURION® PLUS Processed dehydrated human umbilical cord (dHUC) and evaluate the biological properties of this tissue that contribute to healing. This was performed through the characterization of the tissue composition, evaluation of in vitro cellular response to dHUC treatment, and in vivo bioresorption and tissue response in a rat model. It was observed that dHUC contains collagen I, hyaluronic acid, laminin, and fibronectin. Additionally, 461 proteins that consist of growth factors and cytokines, inflammatory modulators, chemokines, proteases and inhibitors, adhesion molecules, signaling receptors, membrane-bound proteins, and other soluble regulators were detected. Cell-based assays demonstrated an increase in adipose-derived stem cell and mesenchymal stem cell proliferation, fibroblast migration and endothelial progenitor cell vessel formation in a dose-dependent manner after dHUC treatment. Lastly, rat subcutaneous implantation demonstrated biocompatibility since dHUC allografts were resorbed without fibrous encapsulation. These findings establish that dHUC possesses biological properties that stimulate cellular responses important for soft tissue healing. © 2018 The Authors. Journal Of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials Published By Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 1035-1046, 2019.
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Project description:Accelerating wound healing after tooth extraction is beneficial in dental treatment. Application of antioxidants, such as reduced coenzyme Q10 (rCoQ10), may promote wound healing after tooth extraction. In this study, we examined the effects of topical application of rCoQ10 on wound healing after tooth extraction in rats. After maxillary first molars were extracted, male Fischer 344 rats (8 weeks old) (n = 27) received topical application of ointment containing 5% rCoQ10 (experimental group) or control ointment (control group) to the sockets for 3 or 8 days (n = 6-7/group). At 3 days after extraction, the experimental group showed higher collagen density and lower numbers of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the upper part of socket, as compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Gene expression of interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α and nuclear factor-κB were also lower in the experimental group than in the control group (p < 0.05). At 8 days after tooth extraction, there were no significant differences in collagen density, number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and bone fill between the groups. Our results suggest that topical application of rCoQ10 promotes wound healing in the soft tissue of the alveolar socket, but that rCoQ10 has a limited effect on bone remodeling in rats.
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Project description:BackgroundThe aim of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the effect of diode laser photobiomodulation (PBM) on post-surgical healing, inflammation and implant stability.MethodsForty dental implants were inserted into 13 patients. The implants were randomly divided into two groups. The test group (PBM+) underwent two sessions of PBM (combined diode laser of 630 and 808 nm), the first of which after surgery, and the second, 7 days after the surgical procedure. The control group (PBM-) received simulated laser treatment. The implant stability quotient (ISQ) was determined immediately after the surgical procedure, and 7 days, 4 and 8 weeks later. Post-surgical inflammation was assessed following the criteria described by Bloemen and Cols. Healing was calculated using the healing index (HI).ResultsNo differences were found in terms of the mean values of implant stability between the test and control groups over time. Only two of the implants (18.2%) from the PBM- group were classified with the maximum healing index (HI = 5), whereas in the PBM+ group, nine implants (45%) were classified with the aforementioned index (P < 0.0001). Using the logistic regression, it was determined that the non-application of the laser in the PBM- group caused an OR of 4.333 times of presenting inflammation (IC95% 1.150-16.323; P = 0.030).ConclusionsThe application of 808 nm infra-red laser for bone tissue, and 630 nm for mucosal tissue in two sessions is considered to be an effective way of reducing inflammation and improving early healing. More studies are needed to confirm these results.
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Project description:The collective behaviour of cells in epithelial tissues is dependent on their mechanical properties. However, the contribution of tissue mechanics to wound healing in vivo remains poorly understood. Here we investigate the relationship between tissue mechanics and wound healing in live Drosophila wing imaginal discs and show that by tuning epithelial cell junctional tension, we can systematically alter the rate of wound healing. Coincident with the contraction of an actomyosin purse string, we observe cells flowing past each other at the wound edge by intercalating, reminiscent of molecules in a fluid, resulting in seamless wound closure. Using a cell-based physical model, we predict that a reduction in junctional tension fluidises the tissue through an increase in intercalation rate and corresponding reduction in bulk viscosity, in the manner of an unjamming transition. The resultant fluidisation of the tissue accelerates wound healing. Accordingly, when we experimentally reduce tissue tension in wing discs, intercalation rate increases and wounds repair in less time.
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Project description:Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer subtype showing high recurrences and mortality rate, for which no therapies besides chemotherapy are available to date. Lacking specific markers for an effective targeted therapy, TNBCs still represent the most important challenge for clinical oncologists.TNBC definition for lack of expression markers underscored the urgent need of discover the “drivers” for this disease and their role in aggressiveness to develop specific targeted therapies. In the effort to identify drivers responsible of early TNBC relapse, we choose to take advantage of the pro-tumorigenic activity of post-surgery wound healing fluids (WHFs) of breast cancer patients that represents the microenvironment constituted of peripheral blood of patients in which disseminated tumor cells reside and that can strongly influence the survival of tumor cells allowing distant relapses. . The stimulus of this enriched microenvironment created immediately post-surgery can determine a selecting pressure for the survival of most aggressive tumor cells modulating the expression of existing or new molecules on TNBC surface driving the develop of distant metastases. By using WHF to stimulate human TNBC cell models prior gene expression profile, we identify the significant up-modulation of the plasma membrane receptor CUB-domain containing protein 1 (CDCP1).
2017-06-12 | GSE59614 | GEO
Project description:ObjectivesEvaluate the dimensions and morphology of peri-implant tissues around a modified dental implant designed with tissue level connection and a convergent transmucosal neck, when compared with a conventional bone level implant connected to a cylindrical machined titanium abutment.Material and methodsEight experimental animals were used for this in vivo investigation, in whom 16 test and 16 control implants were placed following a random allocation sequence. The following histological outcomes at 4 and 12 weeks were evaluated: morphology of peri-implant tissues, the soft tissue height and thickness, the horizontal and vertical bone remodeling, and the bone to implant contact (BIC).ResultsIn both early (4 weeks) and late (12 weeks) healing times, there were no statistically significant differences between test and control implants, with respect to the overall height and thickness of the peri-implant hard and soft tissues. There was a tendency toward a more coronal free gingival margin (I-FGM) at the buccal aspect of test when compared to control implants (at 4 weeks, difference of 0.97 mm (p = .572) and 0.30 mm (p = 1.000) at 12 weeks). Similarly, there was a tendency toward a more coronal position of the first bone to implant contact (I-B) at the buccal aspect of test as compared to control implants (1.08 mm (p = 0.174) at 4 weeks and 0.83 mm (p = 0.724) at 12 weeks).ConclusionsHard and soft tissue healing occurred at both implant types with no statistically significant differences. Test implants tended to present a more coronal gingival margin (FGM) and first bone to implant contact (B).
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