Dataset Information

Different Preclimacteric Events in Apple Cultivars with Modified Ripening Physiology.

ABSTRACT: "Anna" is an early season apple cultivar exhibiting a fast softening and juiciness loss during storage, in comparison to two mid-late season cultivars "Galaxy" and "GD." The poor storage capacity of "Anna" was correlated with high lipid oxidation-related autoluminescence, high respiration and ethylene production rates, associated with high expression of MdACO1, 2, 4, 7, and MdACS1. All cultivars at harvest responded to exogenous ethylene by enhancing ethylene production, typical of system-II. The contribution of pre-climacteric events to the poor storage capacity of "Anna" was examined by comparing respiration and ethylene production rates, response to exogenous ethylene, expression of genes responsible for ethylene biosynthesis and response, and developmental regulators in the three cultivars throughout fruit development. In contrast to the "Galaxy" and "GD," "Anna" showed higher ethylene production and respiration rates during fruit development, and exhibited auto-stimulatory (system II-like) effect in response to exogenous ethylene. The higher ethylene production rate in "Anna" was correlated with higher expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes, MdACS3a MdACO2, 4, and 7 during early fruit development. The expression of negative regulators of ripening (AP2/ERF) and ethylene response pathway, (MdETR1,2 and MdCTR1) was lower in "Anna" in comparison to the other two cultivars throughout development and ripening. Similar pattern of gene expression was found for SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein (SBP)-box genes, including MdCNR and for MdFUL. Taken together, this study provides new understanding on pre-climacteric events in "Anna" that might affect its ripening behavior and physiology following storage.

SUBMITTER: Singh V

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5591845 | biostudies-other | 2017

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Different Preclimacteric Events in Apple Cultivars with Modified Ripening Physiology.

Singh Vikram V Weksler Asya A Friedman Haya H

Frontiers in plant science 20170905

"Anna" is an early season apple cultivar exhibiting a fast softening and juiciness loss during storage, in comparison to two mid-late season cultivars "Galaxy" and "GD." The poor storage capacity of "Anna" was correlated with high lipid oxidation-related autoluminescence, high respiration and ethylene production rates, associated with high expression of <i>MdACO1, 2, 4, 7</i>, and <i>MdACS1</i>. All cultivars at harvest responded to exogenous ethylene by enhancing ethylene production, typical of ...[more]

PMID: 28928755

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Project description:Background and aimsIt has been previously shown that abscission of apple fruitlets is preceded by an increase in ethylene evolution and in the amount of transcripts for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO), an enzyme catalysing the final step in ethylene biosynthesis. These events are concomitant with shedding induction and chemical thinning. There are several thinners but their mode of action and efficacy is poorly understood. One of them is benzylaminopurine (BA), a cytokinin believed to act by enhancing vegetative activity and stressing the competition between shoots and fruitlets, thus leading to fruitlet shedding. Nevertheless, the specific mechanism of action of BA and the variable effect depending on apple cultivar (easy or difficult to thin) are poorly understood.MethodsAbscission, the amount of MdACO1 transcripts and other parameters were followed in immature apple fruits during the period of physiological drop. The cultivars studied were 'Golden Delicious' and the 'spur' type 'Red Delicious'. BA was used as a thinning agent and was sprayed 14 d after petal fall (DAPF). Fruitlets were divided into central (C) and lateral (L) fruitlet populations.Key resultsFruitlet size was significantly different between C and L fruitlets but it did not differ much between the populations within the same cultivar. C fruitlets were characterized by basal ethylene evolution while L fruitlets displayed an increase in hormone biosynthesis during abscission induction. Cluster composition evaluated by the L/C ratio differed in the two varieties, being almost unchanged throughout abscission induction in 'Golden Delicious' and progressively decreasing in 'Red Delicious'. Shoot growth activity evaluated at the end of the season indicated a possible connection with both the ongoing abscission and BA application. MDACO1 transcripts were mainly detected in L fruitlets and the accumulation was related to total abscission in 'Golden Delicious', while in 'Red Delicious' expression was observed in both C and L fruitlets.ConclusionsBA probably exerts its thinning effect through vegetative growth. In the 'spur' type 'Red Delicious' the chemical is ineffective, probably due to a limited action on shoot growth due to genetic characteristics. The amount of MdACO1 transcripts in seeds is a good indicator of abscission.

Dataset Information

Different Preclimacteric Events in Apple Cultivars with Modified Ripening Physiology.

Publications

Different Preclimacteric Events in Apple Cultivars with Modified Ripening Physiology.

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