Dataset Information

Selective Stimulation of Facial Muscles Following Chronic Intraneural Electrode Array Implantation and Facial Nerve Injury in the Feline Model.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Our group has previously shown that activation of specific facial nerve (FN) fiber populations and selective activation of facial musculature can be achieved through acute intraneural multichannel microelectrode array (MEA) implantation in the feline model. HYPOTHESIS:Selective stimulation of facial muscles will be maintained in the setting of 1) chronic and 2) acute MEA implantation after FN injury and subsequent recovery. METHODS:This study included seven cats. In three cats with normal facial function, 4-channel penetrating MEAs were implanted chronically in the FN and tested biweekly for 6 months. Electrical current pulses were delivered to each channel individually, and elicited electromyographic (EMG) voltage outputs were recorded for each of several facial muscles. For FN injury experiments, two cats received a standardized hemostat-crush injury, and two cats received a transection-reapproximation injury to the FN main trunk. These four underwent acute implantation of MEA and EMG recording in terminal experiments 4 months postinjury. RESULTS:Stimulation through individual channels selectively activated restricted nerve populations, resulting in activation of individual muscles in cats with chronic MEA implantation and after nerve injury. Increasing stimulation current levels resulted in increasing EMG voltage responses in all patients. Nerve histology showed only minor neural tissue reaction to the implant. CONCLUSION:We have established in the animal model the ability of a chronically implanted MEA to selectively stimulate restricted FN fiber populations and elicit activations in specific facial muscles. Likewise, after FN injury, selective stimulation of restricted FN fiber populations and subsequent activation of discrete facial muscles can be achieved after acute MEA implantation.

SUBMITTER: Sahyouni R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5597489 | biostudies-other | 2017 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Publications

Selective Stimulation of Facial Muscles Following Chronic Intraneural Electrode Array Implantation and Facial Nerve Injury in the Feline Model.

Sahyouni Ronald R Haidar Yarah M YM Moshtaghi Omid O Wang Beverly Y BY Djalilian Hamid R HR Middlebrooks John C JC Lin Harrison W HW

Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology 20171001 9

<h4>Background</h4>Our group has previously shown that activation of specific facial nerve (FN) fiber populations and selective activation of facial musculature can be achieved through acute intraneural multichannel microelectrode array (MEA) implantation in the feline model.<h4>Hypothesis</h4>Selective stimulation of facial muscles will be maintained in the setting of 1) chronic and 2) acute MEA implantation after FN injury and subsequent recovery.<h4>Methods</h4>This study included seven cats. ...[more]

PMID: 28834941

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Project description:A dysfunctional vestibular system can be a severe detriment to the quality of life of a patient. Recent studies have shown the feasibility for a vestibular implant to restore rotational sensation via electrical stimulation of vestibular ampullary nerves. However, the optimal stimulation site for selective elicitation of the desired nerve is still unknown. We realized a finite element model on the basis of ?CT scans of a human inner ear and incorporated naturally distributed, artificial neural trajectories. A well-validated neuron model of myelinated fibers was incorporated to predict nerve responses to electrical stimulation. Several virtual electrodes were placed in locations of interest inside the bony labyrinth (intra-labyrinthine) and inside the temporal bone, near the target nerves (extra-labyrinthine), to determine preferred stimulation sites and electrode insertion depths. We investigated various monopolar and bipolar electrode configurations as well as different pulse waveform shapes for their ability to selectively stimulate the target nerve and for their energy consumption. The selectivity was evaluated with an objective measure of the fiber recruitment. Considerable differences of required energy and achievable selectivity between the configurations were observed. Bipolar, intra-labyrinthine electrodes provided the best selectivities but also consumed the highest amount of energy. Bipolar, extra-labyrinthine configurations did not offer any advantages compared to the monopolar approach. No selective stimulation could be performed with the monopolar, intra-labyrinthine approach. The monopolar, extra-labyrinthine electrodes required the least energy for satisfactory selectivities, making it the most promising approach for functional vestibular implants. Different pulse waveform shapes did not affect the achieved selectivity considerably but shorter pulse durations showed consistently a more selective activation of the target nerves. A cathodic, centered triangular waveform shape was identified as the most energy-efficient of the tested shapes. Based on these simulations we are able to recommend the monopolar, extra-labyrinthine stimulation approach with cathodic, centered triangular pulses as good trade-off between selectivity and energy consumption. Future implant designs could benefit from the findings presented here.

Dataset Information

Selective Stimulation of Facial Muscles Following Chronic Intraneural Electrode Array Implantation and Facial Nerve Injury in the Feline Model.

Publications

Selective Stimulation of Facial Muscles Following Chronic Intraneural Electrode Array Implantation and Facial Nerve Injury in the Feline Model.

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