Dataset Information

Reducing Social Distress for Chronic Disease Patients in Primary Care: An Intervention for Latino Type 2 Diabetes Patients Seen at Community Health Centers.

ABSTRACT: Background:Social and behavioral factors have important direct and indirect effects on chronic disease onset and progression. The U.S. health care system is beginning to focus on assessment and management of social and behavioral problems through federal mandates related to meaningful use of electronic health records and improved patient outcomes. Methods:We examined the clinical adoption of a 20-item screening tool to measure social distress focusing on type 2 diabetes. This Internet-based survey tool was embedded within a diabetes team care dashboard used to manage Latino patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes (n = 399) seen at urban safety-net clinics with referral as needed to clinical, community, and social services. Results:Results showed a high baseline prevalence of many of the 20 social distress issues assessed. The control group had a mean 6.8 ± 4.3 items at baseline and 6.2 ± 4.3 items at 6 months; the intervention group had a mean 7.2 ± 4.5 items at baseline and 5.6 ± 4.6 items at 6 months. The majority of participants (>90%) reported having one or more social distress issues during the previous week. Moreover, 11 of 20 social distress items were identified by ?30% of patients as being present. However, social distress was significantly reduced from our intervention based on a culturally sensitive team model focused on actively managing social distress issues compared to usual diabetes team care (P <0.01). Conclusion:Social distress issues are common but were significantly reduced with a 6-month diabetes team intervention involving initial screening followed by tailored diabetes education and referral to existing local services.

SUBMITTER: Allen NA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5687102 | biostudies-other | 2017 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Reducing Social Distress for Chronic Disease Patients in Primary Care: An Intervention for Latino Type 2 Diabetes Patients Seen at Community Health Centers.

Allen Nancy A NA Zagarins Sofija S Welch Garry G

Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association 20171101 4

<h4>Background</h4>Social and behavioral factors have important direct and indirect effects on chronic disease onset and progression. The U.S. health care system is beginning to focus on assessment and management of social and behavioral problems through federal mandates related to meaningful use of electronic health records and improved patient outcomes.<h4>Methods</h4>We examined the clinical adoption of a 20-item screening tool to measure social distress focusing on type 2 diabetes. This Inte ...[more]

PMID: 29151719

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Project description:BackgroundMultimorbidity (≥ 2 chronic diseases) is associated with greater disability and higher treatment burden, as well as difficulty coordinating self-management tasks for adults with complex multimorbidity patterns. Comparatively little work has focused on assessing multimorbidity patterns among patients seeking care in community health centers (CHCs).ObjectiveTo identify and characterize prevalent multimorbidity patterns in a multi-state network of CHCs over a 5-year period.DesignA cohort study of the 2014-2019 ADVANCE multi-state CHC clinical data network. We identified the most prevalent multimorbidity combination patterns and assessed the frequency of patterns throughout a 5-year period as well as the demographic characteristics of patient panels by prevalent patterns.ParticipantsThe study included data from 838,642 patients aged ≥ 45 years who were seen in 337 CHCs across 22 states between 2014 and 2019.Main measuresPrevalent multimorbidity patterns of somatic, mental health, and mental-somatic combinations of 22 chronic diseases based on the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Multiple Chronic Conditions framework: anxiety, arthritis, asthma, autism, cancer, cardiac arrhythmia, chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, dementia, depression, diabetes, hepatitis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hyperlipidemia, hypertension, osteoporosis, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), schizophrenia, substance use disorder, and stroke.Key resultsMultimorbidity is common among middle-aged and older patients seen in CHCs: 40% have somatic, 6% have mental health, and 24% have mental-somatic multimorbidity patterns. The most frequently occurring pattern across all years is hyperlipidemia-hypertension. The three most frequent patterns are various iterations of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes and are consistent in rank of occurrence across all years. CKD-hyperlipidemia-hypertension and anxiety-depression are both more frequent in later study years.ConclusionsCHCs are increasingly seeing more complex multimorbidity patterns over time; these most often involve mental health morbidity and advanced cardiometabolic-renal morbidity.

Project description:Background: Home telemonitoring is a promising approach to optimizing outcomes for patients with Type 2 Diabetes; however, this care strategy has not been adapted for use with understudied and underserved Hispanic/Latinos (H/L) patients with Type 2 Diabetes.Methods: A formative, Community-Based Participatory Research approach was used to adapt a home telemonitoring intervention to facilitate acceptability and feasibility for vulnerable H/L patients. Utilizing the ADAPT-ITT framework, key stakeholders were engaged over an 8-month iterative process using a combination of strategies, including focus groups and structured interviews. Nine Community Advisory Board, Patient Advisory, and Provider Panel Committee focus group discussions were conducted, in English and Spanish, to garner stakeholder input before intervention implementation. Focus groups and structured interviews were also conducted with 12 patients enrolled in a 1-month pilot study, to obtain feedback from patients in the home to further adapt the intervention. Focus groups and structured interviews were approximately 2 hours and 30?min, respectively. All focus groups and structured interviews were audio-recorded and professionally transcribed. Structural coding was used to mark responses to topical questions in the moderator and interview guides.Results: Two major themes emerged from qualitative analyses of Community Advisory Board/subcommittee focus group data. The first major theme involved intervention components to maximize acceptance/usability. Subthemes included tablet screens (e.g., privacy/identity concerns; enlarging font sizes; lighter tablet to facilitate portability); cultural incongruence (e.g., language translation/literacy, foods, actors "who look like me"); nursing staff (e.g., ensuring accessibility; appointment flexibility); and, educational videos (e.g., the importance of information repetition). A second major theme involved suggested changes to the randomized control trial study structure to maximize participation, including a major restructuring of the consenting process and changes designed to optimize recruitment strategies. Themes from pilot participant focus group/structured interviews were similar to those of the Community Advisory Board such as the need to address and simplify a burdensome consenting process, the importance of assuring privacy, and an accessible, culturally congruent nurse.Conclusions: These findings identify important adaptation recommendations from the stakeholder and potential user perspective that should be considered when implementing home telemonitoring for underserved patients with Type 2 Diabetes.Trial registration: NCT03960424; ClinicalTrials.gov (US National Institutes of Health). Registered 23 May 2019. Registered prior to data collection. https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03960424?term=NCT03960424&draw=2&rank=1.

Project description:BackgroundQUIT is the only primary care-based brief intervention that has previously shown efficacy for reducing risky drug use in the United States (Gelberg et al., 2015). This pilot study replicated the QUIT protocol in one of the five original QUIT clinics primarily serving Latinos.DesignSingle-blind, two-arm, randomized controlled trial of patients enrolled from March-October 2013 with 3-month follow-up.SettingPrimary care waiting room of a federally qualified health center (FQHC) in East Los Angeles.ParticipantsAdult patients with risky drug use (4-26 on the computerized WHO ASSIST): 65 patients (32 intervention, 33 control); 51 (78%) completed follow-up; mean age 30.8 years; 59% male; 94% Latino.Interventions and measuresIntervention patients received: 1) brief (typically 3-4 minutes) clinician advice to quit/reduce their risky drug use, 2) video doctor message reinforcing the clinician's advice, 3) health education booklet, and 4) up to two 20-30 minute follow-up telephone drug use reduction coaching sessions. Control patients received usual care and cancer screening information. Primary outcome was reduction in number of days of drug use in past 30days of the highest scoring drug (HSD) on the baseline ASSIST, from baseline to 3-month follow-up.ResultsControls reported unchanged HSD use between baseline and 3-month follow-up whereas Intervention patients reported reducing their use by 40% (p<0.001). In an intent-to-treat linear regression analysis, intervention patients reduced past month HSD use by 4.5 more days than controls (p<0.042, 95% CI: 0.2, 8.7). Similar significant results were found using a complete sample regression analysis: 5.2 days (p<0.03, 95% CI: 0.5, 9.9). Additionally, on logistic regression analysis of test results from 47 urine samples at follow-up, intervention patients were less likely than controls to test HSD positive (p<0.05; OR: 0.10, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.99).ConclusionsFindings support the efficacy of the QUIT brief intervention for reducing risky drug use.

Dataset Information

Reducing Social Distress for Chronic Disease Patients in Primary Care: An Intervention for Latino Type 2 Diabetes Patients Seen at Community Health Centers.

Publications

Reducing Social Distress for Chronic Disease Patients in Primary Care: An Intervention for Latino Type 2 Diabetes Patients Seen at Community Health Centers.

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