Dataset Information

Sperm dysfunction and ciliopathy.

ABSTRACT: Sperm motility is driven by motile cytoskeletal elements in the tail, called axonemes. The structure of axonemes consists of 9 + 2 microtubules, molecular motors (dyneins), and their regulatory structures. Axonemes are well conserved in motile cilia and flagella through eukaryotic evolution. Deficiency in the axonemal structure causes defects in sperm motility, and often leads to male infertility. It has been known since the 1970s that, in some cases, male infertility is linked with other symptoms or diseases such as Kartagener syndrome. Given that these links are mostly caused by deficiencies in the common components of cilia and flagella, they are called "immotile cilia syndrome" or "primary ciliary dyskinesia," or more recently, "ciliopathy," which includes deficiencies in primary and sensory cilia. Here, we review the structure of the sperm flagellum and epithelial cilia in the human body, and discuss how male fertility is linked to ciliopathy.

SUBMITTER: Inaba K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5715842 | biostudies-other | 2016 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Sperm dysfunction and ciliopathy.

Inaba Kazuo K Mizuno Katsutoshi K

Reproductive medicine and biology 20151014 2

Sperm motility is driven by motile cytoskeletal elements in the tail, called axonemes. The structure of axonemes consists of 9 + 2 microtubules, molecular motors (dyneins), and their regulatory structures. Axonemes are well conserved in motile cilia and flagella through eukaryotic evolution. Deficiency in the axonemal structure causes defects in sperm motility, and often leads to male infertility. It has been known since the 1970s that, in some cases, male infertility is linked with other sympto ...[more]

PMID: 29259424

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Project description:Molecular mechanisms underlying sperm motility have not been fully explained, particularly in chickens. The objective was to identify seminal plasma proteins associated with chicken sperm motility by comparing the seminal plasma proteomic profile of roosters with low sperm motility (LSM, n = 4) and high sperm motility (HSM, n = 4). Using a label-free MS-based method, a total of 522 seminal plasma proteins were identified, including 386 (∼74%) previously reported and 136 novel ones. A total of 70 differentially abundant proteins were defined, including 48 more-abundant, 15 less-abundant, and seven proteins unique to the LSM group (specific proteins). Key secretory proteins like less-abundant adhesion G-protein coupled receptor G2 (ADGRG2) and more-abundant serine peptidase inhibitor Kazal-type 2 (SPINK2) in the LSM suggested that the corresponding secretory tissues played a crucial role in maintaining sperm motility. Majority (80%) of the more-abundant and five specific proteins were annotated to the cytoplasmic domain which might be a result of higher plasma membrane damage and acrosome dysfunction in LSM. Additionally, more-abundant mitochondrial proteins were detected in LSM seminal plasma associated with lower spermatozoa mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and ATP concentrations. Further studies showed that the spermatozoa might be suffering from oxidative stress, as the amount of spermatozoa reactive oxygen species (ROS) were largely enhanced, seminal malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were increased, and the seminal plasma total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were decreased. Our study provides an additional catalogue of chicken seminal plasma proteome and supports the idea that seminal plasma could be as an indicator of spermatozoa physiology. More-abundant of acrosome, mitochondria and sperm cytoskeleton proteins in the seminal plasma could be a marker of sperm dysfunction and loss of motility. The degeneration of spermatozoa caused by the reduced seminal T-AOC and enhanced oxidative stress might be potential determinants of low sperm motility. These results could extend our understanding of sperm motility and sperm physiology regulation.

Project description:BackgroundOrgasmic dysfunction and anejaculation are two uncommon yet powerful factors of male infertility. The treatment of orgasmic dysfunction and anejaculation is especially important for men who desire paternity, who otherwise would have to undergo surgical sperm retrieval for use with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). We evaluated the reproductive outcomes of percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) for ICSI in a cohort of infertile patients who had presented with orgasmic dysfunction and anejaculation in the past five years.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of 41 patients with orgasmic dysfunction and 55 patients with anejaculation who underwent surgical sperm retrieval for ICSI. The sperm was firstly aspirated from the cauda epididymis, and then from the caput of the epididymis. If aspiration attempts failed at both locations, testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) was performed. The ICSI outcomes following these collection methods were compared with those of patients with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD). The ICSI outcomes of PESA (fertilization rate, high-quality embryo rate, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rate) were recorded.ResultsOf all 96 participants, PESA was successfully performed in 91 patients (94.8%), and TESA was necessary for only 5 patients (5.2%). Of the 91 patients who received PESA, 90 succeeded in retrieving sperm from the cauda epididymis, and just 1 from the caput. Among the patients with anejaculation, there were 28 cases (28/55, 50.9%) of diabetes mellitus (DM). In 56 fresh transfer cycles, the clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate were 57.1% and 51.8%, respectively, both similar to those of CBAVD (53.47% vs. 63.4%, P=0.483, 47.2% vs. 53.5%, P=0.393, respectively). The fertilization rate, transferable embryo rate, high-quality embryo rate, clinical pregnancy, early pregnancy loss, and the live birth rate did not show differences resulting from using fresh or frozen sperm in the two groups. The fertilization rate and high-quality embryo rate in patients with DM were lower than those of patients without DM (75.0% vs. 86.7%, P=0.002; 50.4% vs. 77.4%, P=0.028, respectively).ConclusionsLike TESA, PESA is an appropriate and convenient way to obtain sperm for ICSI for patients with orgasmic dysfunction and anejaculation. Performing ICSI with sperm from the cauda epididymis can achieve favorable clinical pregnancy and live birth rates in patients with orgasmic dysfunction and anejaculation.

Dataset Information

Sperm dysfunction and ciliopathy.

Publications

Sperm dysfunction and ciliopathy.

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