Dataset Information

Night eating model shows time-specific depression-like behavior in the forced swimming test.

ABSTRACT: The circadian clock system is associated with feeding and mood. Patients with night eating syndrome (NES) delay their eating rhythm and their mood declines during the evening and night, manifesting as time-specific depression. Therefore, we hypothesized that the NES feeding pattern might cause time-specific depression. We established new NES model by restricted feeding with high-fat diet during the inactive period under normal-fat diet ad libitum. The FST (forced swimming test) immobility time in the NES model group was prolonged only after lights-on, corresponding to evening and early night for humans. We examined the effect of the NES feeding pattern on peripheral clocks using PER2::LUCIFERASE knock-in mice and an in vivo monitoring system. Caloric intake during the inactive period would shift the peripheral clock, and might be an important factor in causing the time-specific depression-like behavior. In the NES model group, synthesis of serotonin and norepinephrine were increased, but utilization and metabolism of these monoamines were decreased under stress. Desipramine shortened some mice's FST immobility time in the NES model group. The present study suggests that the NES feeding pattern causes phase shift of peripheral clocks and malfunction of the monoamine system, which may contribute to the development of time-specific depression.

SUBMITTER: Haraguchi A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5773531 | biostudies-other | 2018 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Night eating model shows time-specific depression-like behavior in the forced swimming test.

Haraguchi Atsushi A Fukuzawa Miyabi M Iwami Shiho S Nishimura Yutaro Y Motohashi Hiroaki H Tahara Yu Y Shibata Shigenobu S

Scientific reports 20180118 1

The circadian clock system is associated with feeding and mood. Patients with night eating syndrome (NES) delay their eating rhythm and their mood declines during the evening and night, manifesting as time-specific depression. Therefore, we hypothesized that the NES feeding pattern might cause time-specific depression. We established new NES model by restricted feeding with high-fat diet during the inactive period under normal-fat diet ad libitum. The FST (forced swimming test) immobility time i ...[more]

PMID: 29348553

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Project description:BackgroundTime restricted eating (TRE), limiting eating to a specific daily window, is a novel dietary intervention, but the mechanisms by which TRE results in weight loss remain unclear. The goal of the current study was to examine changes in eating patterns, sleep, and late-night eating, and associations with health outcomes in a secondary analysis of a 12-week self-selected TRE intervention.MethodsTwenty participants 18-65 years with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 completed the 12-week trial. Participants randomized to TRE (n = 11) were instructed to eat during a self-selected 8-h window, while the non-TRE group (n = 9) followed their typical eating habits. All participants logged oral intake using the myCircadian Clock mobile application throughout the entire intervention. Anthropometrics, HbA1c, an oral glucose tolerance test, and 2 weeks of actigraphy monitoring were completed at pre-intervention and end-intervention. Independent samples t-tests compared differences between groups. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation.ResultsAt preintervention, late night eating was significantly associated with higher fasting glucose (r = 0.59, p = 0.006) and higher HbA1c (r = 0.46, p = 0.016). The TRE group significantly delayed the timing of the first eating occasion by 2.72 ± 1.48 h relative to wake time (p < 0.001) and advanced the timing of the last eating occasion by 1.25 ± 0.8 h relative to bedtime (p < 0.001). The non-TRE group, on average, maintained their eating pattern. Sleep measures did not change from pre- to end-intervention, however greater restriction of the eating window was associated with longer sleep duration at end-intervention (β = -0.46 [95% CI -9.2, -0.4], p = 0.03). The TRE group significantly reduced the prevalence of late night eating (eating within 2 h of bedtime) by 14 ± 6% (p = 0.028) with 63% of participants completely eliminating late night eating at end-intervention.ConclusionA self-selected TRE intervention significantly shifted meal timing, reduced late-night eating while prolonging sleep duration.Trial registryClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: 03129581.

Project description:PurposeWe developed a method for quantifying intraoperative torsional forced ductions and validated the new test by comparing patients with oblique dysfunction and controls.DesignComparative case series.SubjectsWe studied 33 eyes with oblique dysfunction (9 with presumed congenital superior oblique palsy [SOP], 13 with acquired SOP, 7 with Brown syndrome, and 4 with inverted Brown syndrome) and 31 controls. We also studied 6 eyes after superior oblique (SO) disinsertion and 2 eyes after inferior oblique (IO) disinsertion.MethodsUnder deep general anesthesia, the 12 and 6 o'clock positions at the limbus were marked and the globe was maximally excyclorotated and incyclorotated without retroplacement until the first resistance was felt, and the angle of rotation (in degrees) was read on a Mendez ring by the surgeon. A photograph was taken in each position to be read by a masked observer.Main outcome measuresMaximal excyclorotation and maximal incyclorotation in each oblique dysfunction and in controls by both surgeon's report and photographic assessment. We duplicated the photographs to evaluate test-retest reliability and to evaluate agreement between the surgeon's assessments and the photographic assessment.ResultsSurgeon's assessment revealed greater maximal excyclorotation in eyes with presumed congenital SOP than in controls (median, 40 vs. 30 degrees). Maximal excyclorotation in eyes with acquired SOP was similar to that in controls (30 degrees in both). Eyes with Brown syndrome and inverted Brown syndrome had lower maximal excyclorotation than in controls (10 and 20 vs. 30 degrees, respectively). Maximal incyclorotation in eyes with inverted Brown syndrome was lower than in controls (12.5 vs. 30 degrees), whereas it was similar to that of controls in eyes with presumed congenital SOP, acquired SOP, and Brown syndrome (30 degrees in each condition). Median maximal excyclorotation after SO disinsertion was 62.5 degrees, and maximal incyclorotation after IO disinsertion was 60 degrees. Photographic assessment yielded findings essentially identical to the surgeon's report. Test-retest reliability of the photographic reading was excellent, and agreement between the surgeon's report and the photographic reading was also excellent (95% limits of agreement, 4.4 and 11.6; intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.97 and 0.82, respectively).ConclusionsThe new torsional forced duction test enables quantitative assessment of SO and IO tightness and laxity.

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Night eating model shows time-specific depression-like behavior in the forced swimming test.

Publications

Night eating model shows time-specific depression-like behavior in the forced swimming test.

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