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Porphyromonas gingivalis, a periodontitis causing bacterium, induces memory impairment and age-dependent neuroinflammation in mice.

ABSTRACT: A possible relationship between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been reported. However, there is limited information on the association between the Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) periodontal infection and the pathological features of AD. The hypothesis that P. gingivalis periodontal infection may cause cognitive impairment via age-dependent neuroinflammation was tested.Thirty 4-week-old (young) female C57BL/6 J mice were randomly divided into two groups, the control group and the experimental group. Thirty 12-month-old (middle-aged) were grouped as above. The mouth of the mice in the experimental group was infected with P. gingivalis. Morris water maze(MWM) was performed to assess the learning and memory ability of mice after 6 weeks. Moreover, the expression levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-?, IL-6, and IL-1? in the mice brain tissues were determined by Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay(ELISA) and immunohistochemistry. Our results showed that the learning and memory abilities of the middle-aged P. gingivalis infected mice were impaired. Moreover, the expression levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-?, IL-6, and IL-1? in the brain tissues of the middle-aged P. gingivalis infected mice were increased.These results suggest that P. gingivalis periodontal infection may cause cognitive impairment via the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-?, IL-6, and IL-1? in the brain tissues of middle-aged mice.

SUBMITTER: Ding Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5791180 | biostudies-other | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>, a periodontitis causing bacterium, induces memory impairment and age-dependent neuroinflammation in mice.

Ding Ye Y Ren Jingyi J Yu Hongqiang H Yu Weixian W Zhou Yanmin Y

Immunity & ageing : I & A 20180130

<h4>Background</h4>A possible relationship between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been reported. However, there is limited information on the association between the <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> (<i>P. gingivalis</i>) periodontal infection and the pathological features of AD. The hypothesis that <i>P. gingivalis</i> periodontal infection may cause cognitive impairment via age-dependent neuroinflammation was tested.<h4>Results</h4>Thirty 4-week-old (young) female C57BL/6 J mice ...[more]

PMID: 29422938

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Project description:ObjectiveTo examine the degree to which shared risk factors explain the relationship of periodontitis (PD) to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to determine the associations of PD and Porphyromonas gingivalis with pathologic and clinical features of RA.MethodsPatients with RA (n = 287) and patients with osteoarthritis as disease controls (n = 330) underwent a standardized periodontal examination. The HLA-DRB1 status of all participants was imputed using single-nucleotide polymorphisms from the extended major histocompatibility complex. Circulating anti-P gingivalis antibodies were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and subgingival plaque was assessed for the presence of P gingivalis using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Associations of PD with RA were examined using multivariable regression.ResultsPresence of PD was more common in patients with RA and patients with anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA)-positive RA (n = 240; determined using the anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide 2 [anti-CCP-2] test) than in controls (35% and 37%, respectively, versus 26%; P = 0.022 and P = 0.006, respectively). There were no differences between RA patients and controls in the levels of anti-P gingivalis or the frequency of P gingivalis positivity by PCR. The anti-P gingivalis findings showed a weak, but statistically significant, association with the findings for both anti-CCP-2 (r = 0.14, P = 0.022) and rheumatoid factor (RF) (r = 0.19, P = 0.001). Presence of PD was associated with increased swollen joint counts (P = 0.004), greater disease activity according to the 28-joint Disease Activity Score using C-reactive protein level (P = 0.045), and higher total Sharp scores of radiographic damage (P = 0.015), as well as with the presence and levels of anti-CCP-2 (P = 0.011) and RF (P < 0.001). The expression levels of select ACPAs (including antibodies to citrullinated filaggrin) were higher in patients with subgingival P gingivalis and in those with higher levels of anti-P gingivalis antibodies, irrespective of smoking status. Associations of PD with established seropositive RA were independent of all covariates examined, including evidence of P gingivalis infection.ConclusionBoth PD and P gingivalis appear to shape the autoreactivity of RA. In addition, these results demonstrate an independent relationship between PD and established seropositive RA.

Dataset Information

Porphyromonas gingivalis, a periodontitis causing bacterium, induces memory impairment and age-dependent neuroinflammation in mice.

Publications

<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>, a periodontitis causing bacterium, induces memory impairment and age-dependent neuroinflammation in mice.

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