Dataset Information

Marrow compartment contribution to cortical defect healing.

ABSTRACT: Background and purpose - Healing of shaft fractures is commonly described as regards external callus. We wanted to clarify the role of the bone marrow compartment in the healing of stable shaft fractures. Patients and methods - A longitudinal furrow was milled along the longitudinal axis of the femoral shaft in mice. The exposed bone marrow under the furrow was scooped out. The mice were then randomized to no further treatment, or to receiving 2 silicone plugs in the medullary canal distal and proximal to the defect. The plugs isolated the remaining marrow from contact with the defect. Results were studied with histology and flow cytometry. Results - Without silicone plugs, the marrow defect was filled with new bone marrow-like tissue by day 5, and new bone was seen already on day 10. The new bone was seen only at the level of the cortical injury, where it seemed to form simultaneously in the entire region of the removed cortex. The new bone seemed not to invade the marrow compartment, and there was a sharp edge between new bone and marrow. The regenerated marrow was similar to uninjured marrow, but contained considerably more cells. In the specimens with plugs, the marrow compartment was either filled with loose scar tissue, or empty, and there was only minimal bone formation, mainly located around the edges of the cortical injury. Interpretation - Marrow regeneration in the defect seemed to be a prerequisite for normal cortical healing. Shaft fracture treatment should perhaps pay more attention to the local bone marrow.

SUBMITTER: Bernhardsson M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5810819 | biostudies-other | 2018 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Marrow compartment contribution to cortical defect healing.

Bernhardsson Magnus M Tätting Love L Sandberg Olof O Schilcher Jörg J Aspenberg Per P

Acta orthopaedica 20170926 1

Background and purpose - Healing of shaft fractures is commonly described as regards external callus. We wanted to clarify the role of the bone marrow compartment in the healing of stable shaft fractures. Patients and methods - A longitudinal furrow was milled along the longitudinal axis of the femoral shaft in mice. The exposed bone marrow under the furrow was scooped out. The mice were then randomized to no further treatment, or to receiving 2 silicone plugs in the medullary canal distal and p ...[more]

PMID: 28946782

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Project description:OBJECTIVE:Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) lesion detection and subtyping remain challenging on conventional MRI. New diffusion models such as the spherical mean technique (SMT) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) provide measurements that potentially produce more specific maps of abnormal tissue microstructure. This study aims to assess the SMT and NODDI maps for computational and radiological lesion characterization compared to standard fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD). METHODS:SMT, NODDI, FA, and MD maps were calculated for 33 pediatric patients with suspected FCD (18 histologically confirmed). Two neuroradiologists scored lesion visibility on clinical images and diffusion maps. Signal profile changes within lesions and homologous regions were quantified using a surface-based approach. Diffusion parameter changes at multiple cortical depths were statistically compared between FCD type IIa and type IIb. RESULTS:Compared to fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) or T1-weighted imaging, lesions conspicuity on NODDI intracellular volume fraction (ICVF) maps was better/equal/worse in 5/14/14 patients, respectively, while on SMT intra-neurite volume fraction (INVF) in 3/3/27. Compared to FA or MD, lesion conspicuity on the ICVF was better/equal/worse in 27/4/2, while on the INVF in 20/7/6. Quantitative signal profiling demonstrated significant ICVF and INVF reductions in the lesions, whereas SMT microscopic mean, radial, and axial diffusivities were significantly increased. FCD type IIb exhibited greater changes than FCD type IIa. No changes were detected on FA or MD profiles. SIGNIFICANCE:FCD lesion-specific signal changes were found in ICVF and INVF but not in FA and MD maps. ICVF and INVF showed greater contrast than FLAIR in some cases and had consistent signal changes specific to FCD, suggesting that they could improve current presurgical pediatric epilepsy imaging protocols and can provide features useful for automated lesion detection.

Dataset Information

Marrow compartment contribution to cortical defect healing.

Publications

Marrow compartment contribution to cortical defect healing.

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