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The Relationship Between Absence Coronary Artery Calcification and Myocardial Perfusion Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography.

ABSTRACT: Coronary artery calcification score (CACS) is well validated prognostic tool in coronary artery disease (CAD). The data on the prevalence of myocardial ischemia on myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (MPS) in symptomatic patients with zero CACS and low to intermediate risk probability is lacking and controversial. The aim of our study was to evaluate the capability of zero CACS to exclude myocardial ischemia on MPS.A total of 157 patients ((mean age 53 ± 10 years), 88 (56%) female patients, 69 (44%) male patients) who were suspected to have CAD and having low to intermediate pretest likelihood for CAD underwent CACS on dedicated computed tomography (CT) scanners. CACS was reported as zero in all patients, subsequently all patients underwent MPS. Patients with abnormal MPS underwent additional imaging with coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).All patients had zero CACS, of which 122 (78%) had normal MPS, and 35 (22%) had abnormal MPS. Abnormal MPS included fixed defect in 22 (13%), equivocal in 10 (6%), and reversible defect in four (3%) patients. All patients with abnormal MPS had further imaging with CTCA. CTCA was normal in 30 (85%) patients, one patient had coronary artery stenosis more than 50%, one patient had coronary artery stenosis less than 50%, one patient had anomalous origin coronary artery, and two patients had myocardial bridging. Patients with abnormal MPS and normal coronary artery had dilated cardiomyopathy in 14 (40%), asymmetrical septal hypotrophy in one (3%), and mitral valve disease in three (9%).Zero CACS in stable patients with low or intermediate risk indicated very low likelihood of obstructive CAD, less than 1%. Patients with zero CACS and normal MPS most likely will not benefit from further testing; however, patients with abnormal MPS will need further imaging with CCTA. CCTA is helpful in this group of patients for evaluation of coronary artery and cardiac morphology.

SUBMITTER: Alanazi M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5819626 | biostudies-other | 2018 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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The Relationship Between Absence Coronary Artery Calcification and Myocardial Perfusion Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography.

Alanazi Muhannad M AlDuraibi Alaa A Shoukri Mohamamed M MM Fathala Ahmed A

Cardiology research 20180211 1

<h4>Background</h4>Coronary artery calcification score (CACS) is well validated prognostic tool in coronary artery disease (CAD). The data on the prevalence of myocardial ischemia on myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (MPS) in symptomatic patients with zero CACS and low to intermediate risk probability is lacking and controversial. The aim of our study was to evaluate the capability of zero CACS to exclude myocardial ischemia on MPS.<h4>Methods</h4>A total of 157 pat ...[more]

PMID: 29479383

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Project description:Background The RESCUE (Randomized Evaluation of Patients with Stable Angina Comparing Utilization of Noninvasive Examinations) trial was a randomized, controlled, multicenter, comparative efficacy outcomes trial designed to assess whether initial testing with coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) is noninferior to single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging in directing patients with stable angina to optimal medical therapy alone or optimal medical therapy with revascularization. Methods and Results The end point was first major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) (cardiac death or myocardial infarction), or revascularization. Noninferiority margin for CCTA was set a priori as a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.3 (95% CI=0, 1.605). One thousand fifty participants from 44 sites were randomized to CCTA (n=518) or SPECT (n=532). Mean follow-up time was 16.2 (SD 7.9) months. There were no cardiac-related deaths. In patients with a negative CCTA there was 1 acute myocardial infarction; in patients with a negative SPECT examination there were 2 acute myocardial infarctions; and for positive CCTA and SPECT, 1 acute myocardial infarction each. Participants in the CCTA arm had a similar rate of MACE or revascularization compared with those in the SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging arm, (HR, 1.03; 95% CI=0.61-1.75) (P=0.19). CCTA segment involvement by a stenosis of ?50% diameter was a better predictor of MACE and revascularization at 1 year (P=0.02) than the percent reversible defect size by SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging. Four (1.2%) patients with negative CCTA compared with 14 (3.2%) with negative SPECT had MACE or revascularization (P=0.03). Conclusions There was no difference in outcomes of patients who had stable angina and who underwent CCTA in comparison to SPECT as the first imaging test directing them to optimal medical therapy alone or with revascularization. CCTA was a better predictor of MACE and revascularization. Registration Information URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/. Identifier: NCT01262625.

Project description:BackgroundCoronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) facilitates comprehensive evaluation of coronary artery disease (CAD), including plaque characterization, and can provide additive diagnostic value to single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). However, data regarding the incremental prognostic value of CCTA to SPECT remain sparse. We evaluated the independent and incremental prognostic value of CCTA, as compared with clinical risk factors and SPECT.Materials and methodsA total of 1,077 patients with suspected CAD who underwent both SPECT and cardiac CT between 2004 and 2012 were enrolled retrospectively. Presence of reversible or fixed perfusion defect (PD) and summed stress score were evaluated on SPECT. Presence, extent of coronary atherosclerosis and diameter stenosis (DS) were evaluated on CCTA. Plaque composition was categorized as non-calcified, mixed, or calcified according to the volume of calcified component (>130 Hounsfield Units). Patients were followed up for the occurrence of adverse cardiac events including cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, unstable angina, and late revascularization (>90 days after imaging studies).ResultsDuring follow-up (median 23 months), adverse cardiac events were observed in 71 patients (6.6%). When adjusted for clinical risk factors and SPECT findings, the presence of any coronary plaque, any plaque in ≥3 segments, coronary artery calcium score (CACS) ≥400, a plaque ≥50% DS, presence of non-calcified plaque (NCP) or mixed plaque (MP), and NCP/MP in ≥2 segments were independent predictors of adverse cardiac events; however, the presence of calcified plaque (CP) was not. Conventional CCTA findings, including CACS ≥400 and a plaque ≥50% DS, demonstrated incremental prognostic value over clinical risk factors and SPECT (χ² 54.19 to 101.03; p <0.001). Addition of NCP/MP in ≥2 segments resulted in further significantly improved prediction (χ² 101.03 to 113.29; p <0.001).ConclusionComprehensive CCTA evaluation of coronary atherosclerosis provides independent and incremental prognostic value in relation to SPECT evaluation of myocardial ischemia. Specifically, segmentally-analyzed plaque composition with CCTA provides further risk stratification in addition to CACS and DS.

Dataset Information

The Relationship Between Absence Coronary Artery Calcification and Myocardial Perfusion Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography.

Publications

The Relationship Between Absence Coronary Artery Calcification and Myocardial Perfusion Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography.

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