Dataset Information

A Persistent Hotspot of Schistosoma mansoni Infection in a Five-Year Randomized Trial of Praziquantel Preventative Chemotherapy Strategies.

ABSTRACT: Background:Persistent hotspots have been described after mass drug administration (MDA) for the control of schistosomiasis, but they have not been studied during the course of a multiyear MDA program. Methods:In data from a 5-year study of school-based and village-wide preventive chemotherapy strategies for Schistosoma mansoni, spatial scan statistics were used to find infection hotspots in 3 populations: 5- to 8-year-olds, 9- to 12-year-olds, and adults. Negative binomial regression was used to analyze changes from baseline, and receiver operating characteristic analyses were used to predict which villages would reach prevalence and intensity endpoints. Results:We identified a persistent hotspot, not associated with study arm, where S. mansoni infection prevalence and intensity did not decrease as much as in villages outside the hotspot. Significant differences from baseline were realized after 1 year of MDA: we did not identify factors that moderated this relationship. Villages meeting specified endpoints at year 5 were predicted from prior year data with moderately high sensitivity and specificity. Conclusions:The MDA strategies were less effective at reducing prevalence and intensity in the hotspot compared with other villages. Villages that reached year 5 endpoints could be detected earlier, which may provide the opportunity to amend intervention strategies.

SUBMITTER: Wiegand RE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5913648 | biostudies-other | 2017 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

ACCESS DATA

Publications

A Persistent Hotspot of Schistosoma mansoni Infection in a Five-Year Randomized Trial of Praziquantel Preventative Chemotherapy Strategies.

Wiegand Ryan E RE Mwinzi Pauline N M PNM Montgomery Susan P SP Chan YuYen L YL Andiego Kennedy K Omedo Martin M Muchiri Geoffrey G Ogutu Michael O MO Rawago Fredrick F Odiere Maurice R MR Karanja Diana M S DMS Secor W Evan WE

The Journal of infectious diseases 20171201 11

<h4>Background</h4>Persistent hotspots have been described after mass drug administration (MDA) for the control of schistosomiasis, but they have not been studied during the course of a multiyear MDA program.<h4>Methods</h4>In data from a 5-year study of school-based and village-wide preventive chemotherapy strategies for Schistosoma mansoni, spatial scan statistics were used to find infection hotspots in 3 populations: 5- to 8-year-olds, 9- to 12-year-olds, and adults. Negative binomial regress ...[more]

PMID: 28968877

Similar Datasets

Project description:IntroductionOffspring of Schistosoma mansoni-infected women in schistosomiasis-endemic areas may be sensitised in-utero. This may influence their immune responsiveness to schistosome infection and schistosomiasis-associated morbidity. Effects of praziquantel treatment of S. mansoni during pregnancy on risk of S. mansoni infection among offspring, and on their immune responsiveness when they become exposed to S. mansoni, are unknown. Here we examined effects of praziquantel treatment of S. mansoni during pregnancy on prevalence of S. mansoni and immune responsiveness among offspring at age five years.MethodsIn a trial in Uganda (ISRCTN32849447, http://www.controlled-trials.com/ISRCTN32849447/elliott), offspring of women treated with praziquantel or placebo during pregnancy were examined for S. mansoni infection and for cytokine and antibody responses to SWA and SEA, as well as for T cell expression of FoxP3, at age five years.ResultsOf the 1343 children examined, 32 (2.4%) had S. mansoni infection at age five years based on a single stool sample. Infection prevalence did not differ between children of treated or untreated mothers. Cytokine (IFN?, IL-5, IL-10 and IL-13) and antibody (IgG1, Ig4 and IgE) responses to SWA and SEA, and FoxP3 expression, were higher among infected than uninfected children. Praziquantel treatment of S. mansoni during pregnancy had no effect on immune responses, with the exception of IL-10 responses to SWA, which was higher in offspring of women that received praziquantel during pregnancy than those who did not.ConclusionWe found no evidence that maternal S. mansoni infection and its treatment during pregnancy influence prevalence and intensity of S. mansoni infection or effector immune response to S. mansoni infection among offspring at age five years, but the observed effects on IL-10 responses to SWA suggest that maternal S. mansoni and its treatment during pregnancy may affect immunoregulatory responsiveness in childhood schistosomiasis. This might have implications for pathogenesis of the disease.

Dataset Information

A Persistent Hotspot of Schistosoma mansoni Infection in a Five-Year Randomized Trial of Praziquantel Preventative Chemotherapy Strategies.

Publications

A Persistent Hotspot of Schistosoma mansoni Infection in a Five-Year Randomized Trial of Praziquantel Preventative Chemotherapy Strategies.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets