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Enhanced electrocaloric efficiency via energy recovery.

ABSTRACT: Materials that show large and reversible electrically driven thermal changes near phase transitions have been proposed for cooling applications, but energy efficiency has barely been explored. Here we reveal that most of the work done to drive representative electrocaloric cycles does not pump heat and may therefore be recovered. Initially, we recover 75-80% of the work done each time BaTiO3-based multilayer capacitors drive electrocaloric effects in each other via an inductor (diodes prevent electrical resonance while heat flows after each charge transfer). For a prototype refrigerator with 24 such capacitors, recovering 65% of the work done to drive electrocaloric effects increases the coefficient of performance by a factor of 2.9. The coefficient of performance is subsequently increased by reducing the pumped heat and recovering more work. Our strategy mitigates the advantage held by magnetocaloric prototypes that exploit automatic energy recovery, and should be mandatory in future electrocaloric cooling devices.

SUBMITTER: Defay E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC5940869 | biostudies-other | 2018 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Enhanced electrocaloric efficiency via energy recovery.

Defay E E Faye R R Despesse G G Strozyk H H Sette D D Crossley S S Moya X X Mathur N D ND

Nature communications 20180508 1

Materials that show large and reversible electrically driven thermal changes near phase transitions have been proposed for cooling applications, but energy efficiency has barely been explored. Here we reveal that most of the work done to drive representative electrocaloric cycles does not pump heat and may therefore be recovered. Initially, we recover 75-80% of the work done each time BaTiO<sub>3</sub>-based multilayer capacitors drive electrocaloric effects in each other via an inductor (diodes ...[more]

PMID: 29739924

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Project description:Low salinity waterflooding (low salinity-EOR) has attracted great interest from many giant oil producers and is currently under trial in some of the oil fields of the United States, Middle Eastern countries, and North Sea reservoirs. Most of the reported studies on this process were carried out for medium to relatively heavy oil with significant polar contents. In this work, we have investigated low salinity waterflooding performance for light paraffinic crude oil with a low acid number. This study has been performed using crude oil from an Indian offshore oilfield and Indian offshore seawater. Oil recovery efficiencies of seawater and its diluted versions (low salinity seawater) were evaluated through core-flooding experiments performed on a silica sand pack containing small amounts (2 wt %) of bentonite clay saturated with crude oil. Interfacial tension and wettability studies were performed to understand the associated low salinity effects on the crude oil/brine/rock properties. Effluent brine produced during the flooding experiments was also analyzed to obtain a clearer insight into the low salinity-enhanced oil recovery (EOR) mechanism. The results showed that injection of low salinity seawater can significantly increase the waterflood recovery in comparison with high salinity seawater injection. Interfacial tension and contact angle studies revealed that there is an optimum dilution level at which the interfacial tension and wettability are the most favorable for enhanced oil recovery even in the case of light paraffinic crude. These results are in line with the results obtained from the core-flooding experiments. The possible reason behind recovery improvement based on the interfacial tension and wettability studies in conjugation with the effluent brine analysis has been discussed in detail. In this study, we have observed that the enhanced oil recovery efficiency could be achieved by applying low salinity seawater flooding even in the case of light paraffinic oil with a low acid number.

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Enhanced electrocaloric efficiency via energy recovery.

Publications

Enhanced electrocaloric efficiency via energy recovery.

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