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Associations of serum calcium levels and dietary calcium intake with incident type 2 diabetes over 10 years: the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES).

ABSTRACT: Previous evidence regarding the associations between serum calcium concentrations, dietary calcium intake, and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is limited. We investigated the longitudinal associations of serum calcium levels and dietary calcium intake with T2D development.This study used data from the Ansung-Ansan cohort, a community-based, prospective cohort that was followed up for 10 years. Cox regression models adjusted for potential confounders were used to evaluate the associations of serum calcium levels (mean, 9.41 mg/dL) and dietary calcium intake (median, 389.59 mg/day) with T2D incidence. Association between dietary calcium intake and serum calcium levels was assessed using linear regression models.Albumin-adjusted serum calcium levels were not associated with T2D risk (hazard ratio [HR]?=?1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.96, 1.19, p-value?=?0.2333). A one-unit increase in log-transformed, energy-adjusted dietary calcium intake was associated with a decreased risk of T2D (HR?=?0.88, 95% CI 0.77, 1.00, p-value?=?0.0460) and lower albumin-adjusted serum calcium levels (??=?-?0.04, 95% CI -?0.07, -?0.02, p-value?=?0.0014). The associations did not differ according to sex (all p-values for interaction?>?0.10).Serum calcium levels were not associated with T2D risk, while higher dietary calcium intake was associated with a decreased risk of T2D development. These results have public health implications for predicting and preventing T2D development, as well as providing guidelines for diet and calcium supplementation.

SUBMITTER: Kim KN

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6006916 | biostudies-other | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Associations of serum calcium levels and dietary calcium intake with incident type 2 diabetes over 10 years: the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES).

Kim Kyoung-Nam KN Oh Se-Young SY Hong Yun-Chul YC

Diabetology & metabolic syndrome 20180619

<h4>Background</h4>Previous evidence regarding the associations between serum calcium concentrations, dietary calcium intake, and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is limited. We investigated the longitudinal associations of serum calcium levels and dietary calcium intake with T2D development.<h4>Methods</h4>This study used data from the Ansung-Ansan cohort, a community-based, prospective cohort that was followed up for 10 years. Cox regression models adjusted for potential confounders were used to evaluate ...[more]

PMID: 29946367

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Project description:Bone problems in the population begin to be establish in childhood. The present study aims to assess the usual calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and vitamin D intakes, along with the food sources of these nutrients, in Spanish children participating in the EsNuPI (Estudio Nutricional en Población Infantil Española) study. Two 24 h dietary recalls were applied to 1448 children (1 to <10 years) divided into two sub-samples: one reference sample (RS) of the general population [n = 707] and another sample which exclusively included children consuming enriched or fortified milks, here called "adapted milks" (AMS) [n = 741]. Estimation of the usual intake shows that nutrient intake increased with age for all nutrients except vitamin D. Using as reference the Dietary Reference Values from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), calcium and magnesium intakes were found to be below the average requirement (AR) and adequate intake (AI), respectively, in a considerable percentage of children. Furthermore, phosphorus exceeded the AI in 100% of individuals and vitamin D was lower than the AI in almost all children studied. The results were very similar when considering only plausible reporters. When analyzing the food sources of the nutrients studied, milk and dairy products contributed the most to calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and vitamin D. Other sources of calcium were cereals and vegetables; for phosphorus: meat, meat products, and cereals; for magnesium: cereals and fruits; and, for vitamin D: fish and eggs. These results highlight the desirability of improving the intake concerning these nutrients, which are involved in bone and metabolic health in children. The AMS group appeared to contribute better to the adequacy of those nutrients than the RS group, but both still need further improvement. Of special interest are the results of vitamin D intakes, which were significantly higher in the AMS group (although still below the AI), independent of age.

Dataset Information

Associations of serum calcium levels and dietary calcium intake with incident type 2 diabetes over 10 years: the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES).

Publications

Associations of serum calcium levels and dietary calcium intake with incident type 2 diabetes over 10 years: the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES).

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