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Development of chitosan based optimized edible coating for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and its characterization.

ABSTRACT: In the present work experiments were carried out to optimize coating formulation in central composite rotatable design varying chitosan and glycerol concentration from 0.5 to 3% (w/w) and 0 to 3% (w/w) respectively as two independent factors. Total color difference and respiration rate was selected for tomato parameters and water vapor permeability and percentage solubility was selected for coating parameters as response. Quadratic polynomial models generated was adequate to explain the effects of the chitosan and glycerol concentrations on response variables. Experimental validation confirmed the adequacy of the coating formulation for tomato optimized by response surface methodology with 2.15% chitosan and 0.50% glycerol. Characterization of the optimized coating was undertaken in scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy. Microstructure image revealed proper continuity, integrity and surface micro structure of the developed coating. XRD and FTIR spectra revealed the pattern of ideal chitosan based coatings and also unfolded various crystallographic, structural and molecular involvement and couplings in coating properties. XRD pattern reflected semicrystalline structure of chitosan based developed edible coating having crystal form-1 and crystal form-II. In addition to other expected ideal peaks, FTIR also confirmed the presence of water in the coating. Residual acetic acid (solvent for coating formulation) is also evident at around 1700 cm-1 of FTIR spectra, corresponding to carbonyl vibration of the carboxylic acid.

SUBMITTER: Paul SK

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6033798 | biostudies-other | 2018 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Development of chitosan based optimized edible coating for tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>) and its characterization.

Paul Sanjib K SK Sarkar Sudipto S Sethi Laxmi Narayan LN Ghosh Sujit K SK

Journal of food science and technology 20180528 7

In the present work experiments were carried out to optimize coating formulation in central composite rotatable design varying chitosan and glycerol concentration from 0.5 to 3% (w/w) and 0 to 3% (w/w) respectively as two independent factors. Total color difference and respiration rate was selected for tomato parameters and water vapor permeability and percentage solubility was selected for coating parameters as response. Quadratic polynomial models generated was adequate to explain the effects ...[more]

PMID: 30042560

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Project description:BackgroundMany highly beneficial traits (e.g. disease or abiotic stress resistance) have been transferred into crops through crosses with their wild relatives. The 13 recognized species of tomato (Solanum section Lycopersicon) are closely related to each other and wild species genes have been extensively used for improvement of the crop, Solanum lycopersicum L. In addition, the lack of geographical barriers has permitted natural hybridization between S. lycopersicum and its closest wild relative Solanum pimpinellifolium in Ecuador, Peru and northern Chile. In order to better understand patterns of S. lycopersicum diversity, we sequenced 47 markers ranging in length from 130 to 1200 bp (total of 24 kb) in genotypes of S. lycopersicum and wild tomato species S. pimpinellifolium, Solanum arcanum, Solanum peruvianum, Solanum pennellii and Solanum habrochaites. Between six and twelve genotypes were comparatively analyzed per marker. Several of the markers had previously been hypothesized as carrying wild species alleles within S. lycopersicum, i.e., cryptic introgressions.ResultsEach marker was mapped with high confidence (e<1 x 10-30) to a single genomic location using BLASTN against tomato whole genome shotgun chromosomes (SL2.40) database. Neighbor-joining trees showed high mean bootstrap support (86.8 ± 2.34%) for distinguishing red-fruited from green-fruited taxa for 38 of the markers. Hybridization and parsimony splits networks, genomic map positions of markers relative to documented introgressions, and historical origins of accessions were used to interpret evolutionary patterns at nine markers with putatively introgressed alleles.ConclusionOf the 47 genetic markers surveyed in this study, four were involved in linkage drag on chromosome 9 during introgression breeding, while alleles at five markers apparently originated from natural hybridization with S. pimpinellifolium and were associated with primitive genotypes of S. lycopersicum. The positive identification of introgressed genes within crop species such as S. lycopersicum will help inform conservation and utilization of crop germplasm diversity, for example, facilitating the purging of undesirable linkage drag or the exploitation of novel, favorable alleles.

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Development of chitosan based optimized edible coating for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and its characterization.

Publications

Development of chitosan based optimized edible coating for tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>) and its characterization.

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