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Just watching is not enough: Fostering simulation-based learning with collaboration scripts.

ABSTRACT: Aims: In addition to medical facts, medical students participating in simulation-based training are supposed to acquire general knowledge, e.g. heuristics to cope with critical incidents. While active participation is considered a major benefit of this kind of training, a large portion of students' time is often spent observing peers acting in the simulator. Thus, we instructionally supported learners with a collaboration script (i.e., a set of scaffolds that distribute roles and activities among learners in group learning situations) during observational phases of a simulation-based training. Our script was designed to help learners focus on heuristics and to facilitate more (inter-)active participation. We hypothesised that scripted learners would benefit from the instructional support with respect to individual and collaborative learning processes as well as individual learning outcomes. Methods: Thirty-four medical students in their 7th to 12th semester participated in this field study with control group design. The independent variable was the collaboration script (with/without). Four voluntary emergency courses with a full-scale simulator were examined. The acquisition of skills related to Crisis Resource Management (CRM) heuristics was one of the learning goals of these courses. The collaboration script induced learners to perform specific activities during and after each observational phase of the training. Further, the script sequenced the order of activities and assigned roles to the learners. Learning processes were measured on an individual level (by means of notes taken by learners during observational phases) and on a collaborative level (by means of learners' comments). Learning outcomes were measured with pre- and post-self-assessment of CRM skills and a brief video-based CRM skills test at the end of the course. Results: The collaboration script had the expected positive effect on individual and collaborative learning processes, leading to an increased focus on heuristic strategies and increased collaborative activity of scripted learners. There was no evidence that the experimental conditions differed regarding the objective measure of individual learning outcomes. However, self-assessment data revealed that students in the control condition perceived a higher improvement of CRM skills throughout the course. We suggest that our script might have helped learners adjust an illusion of their own competency - such an illusion may have appeared in the control group as a result of processing fluency. Conclusions: Findings suggest that simulation-based training in medical education can be enhanced with additional instructional support in the form of collaboration scripts designed to turn observational course phases into more active and better focused learning experiences.

SUBMITTER: Zottmann JM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6120154 | biostudies-other | 2018

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Just watching is not enough: Fostering simulation-based learning with collaboration scripts.

Zottmann Jan M JM Dieckmann Peter P Taraszow Tatjana T Rall Marcus M Fischer Frank F

GMS journal for medical education 20180815 3

<b>Aims:</b> In addition to medical facts, medical students participating in simulation-based training are supposed to acquire general knowledge, e.g. heuristics to cope with critical incidents. While active participation is considered a major benefit of this kind of training, a large portion of students' time is often spent observing peers acting in the simulator. Thus, we instructionally supported learners with a collaboration script (i.e., a set of scaffolds that distribute roles and activiti ...[more]

PMID: 30186945

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Project description:BackgroundInterprofessional education has emerged as a key concept in education of health professionals over the last 20 years. Positive effects of interprofessional education have been shown, but it has proved to be more time-consuming than traditional teaching methods. We therefore developed a 30-minute interprofessional learning activity, using peer-teaching methods. We were interested in effects on and ways of interprofessional learning, including conditions and resources that make it successful despite limited time.MethodsSpeed InterprofESsional Peer Teaching PaediAtric (SIESTA) was developed in the context of an interprofessional training ward. 20 paediatric nursing trainees and 20 medical students were enrolled in the study. Two students from each profession participated in a total of four SIESTA sessions each, supervised by registered paediatric nurses and paediatricians. We used a mixed-methods approach of quantitative and qualitative data (questionnaires, semi-guided focus group interviews) to evaluate self-perceived interprofessional competencies, interprofessional learning gains and ways of interprofessional learning.ResultsQuestionnaires were obtained from all participants (n = 40) and n = 26 took part in the group interviews. Participants from both professions reported an increase in self-perceived understanding of interprofessional roles and tasks. Communication and cooperation emerged as important aspects. The workplace-based nature of SIESTA promoted interprofessional learning, while peer teaching fostered a safe learning environment. Regarding time constraints participants suggested thorough preparation and structuring by facilitators as a solution.ConclusionsOur short interprofessional peer teaching activity showed promising results. Participants reported enhanced interprofessional competencies and provided suggestions for successful learning in limited time. Further studies should include an objective assessment of the interprofessional learning progress. The SIESTA concept can be easily adapted to other medical fields, providing interprofessional learning opportunities for many more health care professionals to come.

Project description:BackgroundThe principle of workplace based assessment (WBA) is to assess trainees at work with feedback integrated into the program simultaneously. A student driven WBA model was introduced and perception evaluation of this teaching method was done subsequently by taking feedback from the faculty as well as the postgraduate trainees (PGs) of a residency program.MethodsDescriptive multimethod study was conducted. A WBA program was designed for PGs in Chemical Pathology on Moodle and forms utilized were case-based discussion (CBD), direct observation of practical skills (DOPS) and evaluation of clinical events (ECE). Consented assessors and PGs were trained on WBA through a workshop. Pretest and posttest to assess PGs knowledge before and after WBA were conducted. Every time a WBA form was filled, perception of PGs and assessors towards WBA, time taken to conduct single WBA and feedback were recorded. Faculty and PGs qualitative feedback on perception of WBA was taken via interviews. WBA tools data and qualitative feedback were used to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of the new tools.ResultsSix eligible PGs and seventeen assessors participated in this study. A total of 79 CBDs (assessors n = 7 and PGs n = 6), 12 ECEs (assessors n = 6 and PGs n = 5), and 20 DOPS (assessors n = 6 and PGs n = 6) were documented. PGs average pretest score was 55.6%, which was improved to 96.4% in posttest; p value< 0.05. Scores of annual assessment before and after implementation of WBA also showed significant improvement, p value 0.039, Overall mean time taken to evaluate PG's was 12.6 ± 9.9 min and feedback time 9.2 ± 7.4 min. Mean WBA process satisfaction of assessors and PGs on Likert scale of 1 to 10 was 8 ± 1 and 8.3 ± 0.8 respectively.ConclusionBoth assessors and fellows were satisfied with introduction and implementation of WBA. It gave the fellows opportunity to interact with assessors more often and learn from their rich experience. Gain in knowledge of PGs was identified from the statistically significant improvement in PGs' assessment scores after WBA implementation.

Project description:Purpose: While the intellectual and scientific rationale for research collaboration has been articulated, a paucity of information is available on a strategic approach to facilitate the collaboration within a research network designed to reduce health disparities. This study aimed to (1) develop a conceptual model to facilitate collaboration among biostatisticians in a research network; (2) describe collaborative engagement performed by the Network's Data Coordinating Center (DCC); and (3) discuss potential challenges and opportunities in engaging the collaboration. Methods: Key components of the strategic approach will be developed through a systematic literature review. The Network's initiatives for the biostatistical collaboration will be described in the areas of infrastructure, expertise and knowledge management and experiential lessons will be discussed. Results: Components of the strategic approach model included three Ps (people, processes and programs) which were integrated into expert management, infrastructure management and knowledge management, respectively. Ongoing initiatives for collaboration with non-DCC biostatisticians included both web-based and face-to-face interaction approaches: Network's biostatistical capacities and needs assessment, webinar statistical seminars, mobile statistical workshop and clinics, adjunct appointment program, one-on-one consulting, and on-site workshop. The outreach program, as a face-to-face interaction approach, especially resulted in a useful tool for expertise management and needs assessment as well as knowledge exchange. Conclusions: Although fostering a partnered research culture, sustaining senior management commitment and ongoing monitoring are a challenge for this collaborative engagement, the proposed strategies centrally performed by the DCC may be useful in accelerating the pace and enhancing the quality of the scientific outcomes within a multidisciplinary clinical and translational research network.

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Just watching is not enough: Fostering simulation-based learning with collaboration scripts.

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Just watching is not enough: Fostering simulation-based learning with collaboration scripts.

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