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Regulatory Mechanism of ABA and ABI3 on Vegetative Development in the Moss Physcomitrella patens.

ABSTRACT: The moss Physcomitrella patens is a model system for studying plant developmental processes. ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3 (ABI3), a transcription factor of the ABA signaling pathway, plays an important role in plant growth and development in vascular plant. To understand the regulatory mechanism of ABA and PpABI3 on vegetative development in Physcomitrella patens, we applied physiological, cellular, and RNA-seq analyses in wild type (WT) plants and ?abi3 mutants. During ABA treatment, the growth of gametophytes was inhibited to a lesser extent ?abi3 plants compared with WT plants. Microscopic observation indicated that the differentiation of caulonemata from chloronemata was accelerated in ?abi3 plants when compared with WT plants, with or without 10 ?M of ABA treatment. Under normal conditions, auxin concentration in ?abi3 plants was markedly higher than that in WT plants. The auxin induced later differentiation of caulonemata from chloronemata, and the phenotype of ?abi3 plants was similar to that of WT plants treated with exogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). RNA-seq analysis showed that the PpABI3-regulated genes overlapped with genes regulated by the ABA treatment, and about 78% of auxin-related genes regulated by the ABA treatment overlapped with those regulated by PpABI3. These results suggested that ABA affected vegetative development partly through PpABI3 regulation in P. patens; PpABI3 is a negative regulator of vegetative development in P. patens, and the vegetative development regulation by ABA and PpABI3 might occur by regulating the expression of auxin-related genes. PpABI3 might be associated with cross-talk between ABA and auxin in P. patens.

SUBMITTER: Zhao M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6164827 | biostudies-other | 2018 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Regulatory Mechanism of ABA and ABI3 on Vegetative Development in the Moss Physcomitrella patens.

Zhao Mengkai M Li Qilong Q Chen Zhenhua Z Lv Qiang Q Bao Fang F Wang Xiaoqin X He Yikun Y

International journal of molecular sciences 20180912 9

The moss Physcomitrella patens is a model system for studying plant developmental processes. ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3 (ABI3), a transcription factor of the ABA signaling pathway, plays an important role in plant growth and development in vascular plant. To understand the regulatory mechanism of ABA and PpABI3 on vegetative development in Physcomitrella patens, we applied physiological, cellular, and RNA-seq analyses in wild type (WT) plants and ∆abi3 mutants. During ABA tr ...[more]

PMID: 30213069

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Project description:BACKGROUND: Hexokinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose and fructose, but it is also involved in sugar sensing in both fungi and plants. We have previously described two types of hexokinases in the moss Physcomitrella. Type A, exemplified by PpHxk1, the major hexokinase in Physcomitrella, is a soluble protein that localizes to the chloroplast stroma. Type B, exemplified by PpHxk2, has an N-terminal membrane anchor. Both types are found also in vascular plants, and localize to the chloroplast stroma and mitochondrial membranes, respectively. RESULTS: We have now characterized all 11 hexokinase encoding genes in Physcomitrella. Based on their N-terminal sequences and intracellular localizations, three of the encoded proteins are type A hexokinases and four are type B hexokinases. One of the type B hexokinases has a splice variant without a membrane anchor, that localizes to the cytosol and the nucleus. However, we also found two new types of hexokinases with no obvious orthologs in vascular plants. Type C, encoded by a single gene, has neither transit peptide nor membrane anchor, and is found in the cytosol and in the nucleus. Type D hexokinases, encoded by three genes, have membrane anchors and localize to mitochondrial membranes, but their sequences differ from those of the type B hexokinases. Interestingly, all moss hexokinases are more similar to each other in overall sequence than to hexokinases from other plants, even though characteristic sequence motifs such as the membrane anchor of the type B hexokinases are highly conserved between moss and vascular plants, indicating a common origin for hexokinases of the same type. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the hexokinase gene family is more diverse in Physcomitrella, encoding two additional types of hexokinases that are absent in vascular plants. In particular, the presence of a cytosolic and nuclear hexokinase (type C) sets Physcomitrella apart from vascular plants, and instead resembles yeast, where all hexokinases localize to the cytosol. The fact that all moss hexokinases are more similar to each other than to hexokinases from vascular plants, even though both type A and type B hexokinases are present in all plants, further suggests that the hexokinase gene family in Physcomitrella has undergone concerted evolution.

Dataset Information

Regulatory Mechanism of ABA and ABI3 on Vegetative Development in the Moss Physcomitrella patens.

Publications

Regulatory Mechanism of ABA and ABI3 on Vegetative Development in the Moss <i>Physcomitrella patens</i>.

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