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Cross-sectional associations of sedentary behaviour and physical activity on depression in Japanese older adults: an isotemporal substitution approach.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVES:Reducing sedentary behaviour (SB) and increasing physical activity (PA) have been shown to be associated with decreased depression. However, there are yet few studies examining the potential benefits on older adults' depression, when SB is replaced with PA. This study aimed to examine the associations of objectively assessed SB, light-intensity PA (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) with depression among a sample of Japanese older adults, and to explore impacts of substituting SB with PA on older adults' depression. DESIGN:Cross-sectional analysis. SETTING:General community. PARTICIPANTS:A total of 276 older adults aged 65-85 years living in Japan. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Three behaviours including the average daily time spent in SB (?1.5 METs); LPA (>1.5?to <3.0 METs) and MVPA (?3.0 METs) per day were calculated by accelerometers. Depression was assessed using the Japanese version of the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). RESULTS:Less SB (?=0.129, 95%?CI 0.015 to 0.243) and more LPA (?=-0.138, 95%?CI -0.265 to -0.011) were found to be significantly and negatively associated with the GDS-15 score in the single-activity model. The isotemporal substitution model found that replacing only 30?min per day of SB with the same amount of LPA to be significantly and negatively associated with the GDS-15 score (?=-0.131, 95%?CI -0.260 to -0.002). CONCLUSIONS:These findings indicated that substituting even small amounts of SB with LPA may contribute to less depression in older adults. Potential favourable effects can be observed for replacing only 30?min per day of SB with LPA.

SUBMITTER: Yasunaga A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6169747 | biostudies-other | 2018 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Cross-sectional associations of sedentary behaviour and physical activity on depression in Japanese older adults: an isotemporal substitution approach.

Yasunaga Akitomo A Shibata Ai A Ishii Kaori K Koohsari Mohammad Javad MJ Oka Koichiro K

BMJ open 20180925 9

<h4>Objectives</h4>Reducing sedentary behaviour (SB) and increasing physical activity (PA) have been shown to be associated with decreased depression. However, there are yet few studies examining the potential benefits on older adults' depression, when SB is replaced with PA. This study aimed to examine the associations of objectively assessed SB, light-intensity PA (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) with depression among a sample of Japanese older adults, and to explore impacts of substit ...[more]

PMID: 30257848

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Project description:BackgroundThe associations between free-living physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) and sarcopenia in older people and its determinants are controversial. Self-reporting, the use of one-size-fits-all cut-points for intensity categorization when using accelerometers and the absence of a clear sarcopenia definition hampered explorations. The aim of this study is to describe the associations between objectively measured PA patterns and sarcopenia and its determinants.MethodsSubjects aged >65 with valid accelerometry and sarcopenia-related measures from Toledo Study of Healthy Aging (TSHA) were included. Muscle mass (MM) was estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Handgrip strength (HS) was measured by dynamometry. Physical performance assessment relied on gait speed (GS). Sarcopenia presence was ascertained using Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) criteria. PA and SB were estimated by ActiTrainer worn for 1 week and classified into time spent in SB and different PA intensity bands [light PA (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA)] using age-specific cut-points. Different multivariate linear and logistic regression models [(i) single-parameter, (ii) partition, and (iii) isotemporal substitution models] were used for estimating associations between PA, SB, and sarcopenia determinants and sarcopenia rates, respectively. All models adjusted for age, sex, co-morbidities (Charlson index), and functional ability (Katz and Lawton indexes).ResultsFive hundred twelve subjects from the TSHA had available data (78.08 ± 5.71 years of age; 54.3% women). FNIH sarcopenia assessment was performed in 497 subjects (23.3% were sarcopenic). In the linear regression, the single-parameter model showed an association between MVPA and all sarcopenia determinants. In the partition model, MVPA was associated with greater MM and GS. The isotemporal substitution showed that reallocating 1 h/day of MVPA displacing SB was associated with greater values in MM [β = 0.014; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.004, 0.024; P < 0.01], GS (β = 0.082; 95% CI = 0.054, 0.110; P < 0.001), and HS (β = 0.888; 95% CI = 0.145, 1.631; P < 0.05). In the logistic regression, the single-parameter model yielded a significant association between 1 h/day increase in MVPA and sarcopenia reduction [odds ratio (OR) = 0.522; 95% CI = 0.367, 0.726; P < 0.001], as did the partition model (OR = 0.555; 95% CI = 0.376, 0.799; P < 0.01). The reallocation of 1 h/day SB only yielded a significant lower sarcopenia risk by almost 50% when it was substituted with MVPA, whereas the substitution of 15 min/day yielded a significant lower sarcopenia risk by 15% (P < 0.001) but did not show any association when it was substituted with LPA.ConclusionsAn increase in MVPA replacing SB and LPA was associated with a reduction in sarcopenia prevalence and better performance across its determinants (MM, GS, and HS). LPA did not show any significant effect.

Project description:BackgroundOlder adults are recommended to sleep 7-8 h/day. Time in bed (TIB) differs from sleep duration and includes also the time of lying in bed without sleeping. Long TIB (≥9 h) are associated with self-reported sedentary behavior, but the association between objectively measured physical activity, sedentary behavior and TIB is unknown.MethodsThis study was based on cross-sectional analysis of the Healthy Ageing Network of Competence (HANC Study). Physical activity and sedentary behaviour were measured by a tri-axial accelerometer (ActiGraph) placed on the dominant wrist for 7 days. Sedentary behavior was classified as < 2303 counts per minute (cpm) in vector magnitude and physical activity intensities were categorized, as 2303-4999 and ≥ 5000 cpm in vector magnitude. TIB was recorded in self-reported diaries. Participants were categorized as UTIB (usually having TIB 7-9 h/night: ≥80% of measurement days), STIB (sometimes having TIB 7-9 h/night: 20-79% of measurement days), and RTIB (rarely having TIB 7-9 h/night: < 20% of measurement days). Multinominal regression models were used to calculate the relative risk ratios (RRR) of being RTIB and STIB by daily levels of physical activity and SB, with UTIB as the reference group. The models were adjusted for age, sex, average daily nap length and physical function.ResultsThree hundred and fourty-one older adults (median age 81 (IQR 5), 62% women) were included with median TIB of 8 h 21 min (1 h 10 min)/day, physical activity level of 2054 (864) CPM with 64 (15) % of waking hours in sedentary behavior. Those with average CPM within the highest tertile had a lower RRR (0.33 (0.15-0.71), p = 0.005) for being RTIB compared to those within the lowest tertile of average CPM. Accumulating physical activity in intensities 2303-4999 and ≥ 5000 cpm/day did not affect the RRR of being RTIB. RRR of being RTIB among highly sedentary participants (≥10 h/day of sedentary behavior) more than tripled compared to those who were less sedentary (3.21 (1.50-6.88), p = 0.003).ConclusionsFor older adults, being physically active and less sedentary was associated with being in bed for 7-9 h/night for most nights (≥80%). Future longitudinal studies are warranted to explore the causal relationship sbetween physical activity and sleep duration.

Project description:BackgroundPhysical activity was believed to be associated with reduced aging among adults, while the competing nature of the physical activity and sedentary behavior has mainly been neglected in studies. We aimed to estimate the association of sleeping, sedentary behavior, and physical activity with aging among adults, considering the competing nature between variables of activity status.MethodsA total of 5288 participants who were 20 years or older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were involved. The questionnaire was used to collect data regarding sociodemographics (age, sex, ethnicity/race, and education), and lifestyle behaviors (smoking, drinking). The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to measure self-reported time for sedentary behavior, walking/bicycling, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The sleeping duration was obtained via interview. Phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel) was calculated as an aging index using nine chemistry biomarkers. Isotemporal substitution models using multivariable linear regression to examine the associations of sleeping, sedentary behavior, and physical activity with PhenoAgeAccel, stratified by MVPA (< 150 min/week, ≥ 150 min/week).ResultsThirty minutes per day spent on sedentary behavior was positively associated with PhenoAgeAccel (β = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.11), and 30 min/day spent on leisure-time MVPA was adversely associated with PhenoAgeAccel (β = - 0.55, 95% CI: - 0.73, - 0.38). Replacing 30 min/day sedentary behaviors with 30 min/day of MVPA (β = -3.98, 95% CI: -6.22, -1.74) or 30 min/day of walking/bicycling (β = -0.89, 95% CI: -1.10, -0.68) was adversely associated with PhenoAgeAccel. Substituting 30 min/day of walking/bicycling for 30 min/day of leisure-time MVPA was positively associated with PhenoAgeAccel (β = 3.09, 95% CI: 0.93, 5.25).ConclusionSedentary behavior was positively associated with aging. Replacing sedentary behaviors with walking/bicycling or MVPA was adversely associated with aging among adults.

Dataset Information

Cross-sectional associations of sedentary behaviour and physical activity on depression in Japanese older adults: an isotemporal substitution approach.

Publications

Cross-sectional associations of sedentary behaviour and physical activity on depression in Japanese older adults: an isotemporal substitution approach.

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