Role of Physical Activity in Parkinson's Disease.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Bhalsing KS
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6238554 | biostudies-other | 2018 Oct-Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Project description:BackgroundIdentifying physical activity (PA) profiles of people with Parkinson's Disease (PD) could provide clinically meaningful knowledge concerning how to tailor PA interventions. Our objectives were therefore to i) identify distinct PA profiles in people with PD based on accelerometer data, ii) explore differences between the profiles regarding personal characteristics and physical function.MethodsAccelerometer data from 301 participants (43% women, mean age: 71 years) was analysed using latent profile analyses of 15 derived PA variables. Physical function measurements included balance performance, comfortable gait speed and single and dual-task functional mobility.ResultsThree distinct profiles were identified; "Sedentary" (N = 68), "Light Movers" (N = 115), "Steady Movers" (N = 118). "Sedentary" included people with PD with high absolute and relative time spent in Sedentary behaviour (SB), little time light intensity physical activity (LIPA) and negligible moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). "Light Movers" were people with PD with values close to the mean for all activity variables. "Steady Movers" spent less time in SB during midday, and more time in LIPA and MVPA throughout the day, compared to the other profiles. "Sedentary" people had poorer balance (P = 0.006), poorer functional mobility (P = 0.027) and were more likely to have fallen previously (P = 0.027), compared to "Light Movers. The Timed Up and Go test, an easily performed clinical test of functional mobility, was the only test that could distinguish between all three profiles.ConclusionDistinct PA profiles, with clear differences in how the time awake is spent exist among people with mild-moderate PD.
| S-EPMC7881685 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between recreational physical activity and Parkinson's disease (PD) risk. We prospectively followed 143,325 participants in the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort from 1992 to 2001 (mean age at baseline = 63). Recreational physical activity was estimated at baseline from the reported number of hours per week on average spent performing light intensity activities (walking, dancing) and moderate to vigorous intensity activities (jogging/running, lap swimming, tennis/racquetball, bicycling/stationary bike, aerobics/calisthenics). Incident cases of PD (n = 413) were confirmed by treating physicians and medical record review. Relative risks (RR) were estimated using proportional hazards models, adjusting for age, gender, smoking, and other risk factors. Risk of PD declined in the highest categories of baseline recreational activity. The RR comparing the highest category of total recreational activity (men > or = 23 metabolic equivalent task-hours/week [MET-h/wk], women > or = 18.5 MET-h/wk) to no activity was 0.8 (95% CI: 0.6, 1.2; P trend = 0.07). When light activity and moderate to vigorous activity were examined separately, only the latter was found to be associated with PD risk. The RR comparing the highest category of moderate to vigorous activity (men > or = 16 MET-h/wk, women > or = 11.5 MET-h/wk) to the lowest (0 MET-h/wk) was 0.6 (95% CI: 0.4, 1.0; P trend = 0.02). These results did not differ significantly by gender. The results were similar when we excluded cases with symptom onset in the first 4 years of follow-up. Our results may be explained either by a reduction in PD risk through moderate to vigorous activity, or by decreased baseline recreational activity due to preclinical PD.
| S-EPMC2387117 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Aim:This study was aimed at investigating the effects and molecular mechanisms of physical activity intervention on Parkinson's disease (PD) and providing theoretical guidance for the prevention and treatment of PD. Methods:Four electronic databases up to December 2019 were searched (PubMed, Springer, Elsevier, and Wiley database), 176 articles were selected. Literature data were analyzed by the logic analysis method. Results:(1) Risk factors of PD include dairy products, pesticides, traumatic brain injury, and obesity. Protective factors include alcohol, tobacco, coffee, black tea, and physical activity. (2) Physical activity can reduce the risk and improve symptoms of PD and the beneficial forms of physical activity, including running, dancing, traditional Chinese martial arts, yoga, and weight training. (3) Different forms of physical activity alleviate the symptoms of PD through different mechanisms, including reducing the accumulation of ?-syn protein, inflammation, and oxidative stress, while enhancing BDNF activity, nerve regeneration, and mitochondrial function. Conclusion:Physical activity has a positive impact on the prevention and treatment of PD. Illustrating the molecular mechanism of physical activity-induced protective effect on PD is an urgent need for improving the efficacy of PD therapy regimens in the future.
| S-EPMC7042542 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background:Exercise is gaining extreme relevancy as a new therapeutic intervention for Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the frequent misuse of the concepts exercise, physiotherapy, and physical activity limits the possibility of summarizing research findings. This review aims to clarify these concepts and summarize the evidence on exercise in PD. Methods:We critically appraised physical activity-related concepts and conducted a systematic review of clinical trials evaluating exercise interventions in PD. Additionally, we discussed the implications for PD clinical practice and research. Results:Exercise is a subset of physical activity, and a major component of physiotherapy for PD management, having as the main goal to improve physical fitness. The appraisal of the 83 identified clinical trials found high variability in exercise interventions. Multimodal exercise was the most studied, and 60 minutes, two times/week for 12?weeks, the most reported prescription parameters. Conclusion:The best available evidence recommends increasing physical activity levels in PD. Exercise and physiotherapy programs seem the most efficacious strategies to achieve this goal. As a result of the heterogeneity in the type and manner exercise is prescribed, it is not possible to propose strong recommendations for exercise in PD. We believe that, in addition to the clarification of concepts here presented, a collaborative and rigorous work of different areas of knowledge is needed.
| S-EPMC6962680 | biostudies-literature
Project description:While regular exercise has been shown to alleviate the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), it remains unclear whether a physically active lifestyle may prevent PD.To examine physical activities across the lifespan and risk of PD, we relied on data from a population-based case-control study that enrolled 357 incident PD cases and 341 controls. We assessed physical activity levels via self-report of (1) overall physical activity (PA) over 4 age periods; (2) competitive sports; and (3) occupational histories.PD risks were lower comparing the overall PA highest quartile (moderate to vigorous activities ?180 metabolic equivalent task-hours/week (MET-h/wk)) with the lowest quartile (<47.8 MET-h/wk) in age-period 18-24 years (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.40-1.02), and 45-64 years (OR 0.50, 95%CI 0.31-0.83) but not in age-period 25-44. Individuals who consistently engaged in overall PA at high levels (before age 65 years) had a 51% lower PD risk than those with low levels. Also, having participated in competitive sports prior to age 25 was inversely associated with PD (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.31-0.91 for high level versus never). There was no association for measures of occupational physical activity though.The long prodromal stage of PD makes it difficult to conclude whether insidious disease leads to a reduction of physical activity years before motor symptom onset and PD diagnosis. However, sports activities and high levels of overall PA in youth appear protective unless they are markers for biologic or genetic factors that lower PD risk.
| S-EPMC4914446 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Parkinson's disease (PD) is the fastest growing neurodegenerative disease, but disease-modifying or preventive treatments are lacking. Physical activity is a modifiable factor that decreases the PD risk and improves motor symptoms in PD. Understanding which dimensions of gait performance correlate with physical activity in PD can have important pathophysiological and therapeutic implications. Clinical/demographic data together with physical activity levels were collected from thirty-nine PD patients. Gait analysis was performed wearing seven inertial measurement units on the lower body, reconstructing the subjects' lower body motion using 3D kinematic biomechanical models. Higher physical activity scores were significantly correlated with MDS-UPDRS part III scores (r = - 0.58, p value = 9.2 × 10-5), age (r = - 0.39, p value = 1.5 × 10-2) and quality-of-life (r = - 0.47, p value = 5.9 × 10-3). Physical activity was negatively associated with MDS-UPDRS part III scores after adjusting for age and disease duration (β = - 0.08530, p value = 0.0010). The effect of physical activity on quality-of-life was mediated by the MDS-UPDRS part III (62.10%, 95% CI = 0.0758-1.78, p value = 0.022). The level of physical activity was correlated primarily with spatiotemporal performance. While spatiotemporal performance displays the strongest association with physical activity, other quality-of-movement dimensions of clinical relevance (e.g., smoothness, rhythmicity) fail to do so. Interventions targeting these ought to be leveraged for performance enhancement in PD through neuroprotective and brain network connectivity strengthening. It remains to be ascertained to which extent these are amenable to modulation.
| S-EPMC9011371 | biostudies-literature
Project description:AimIn this paper we aimed to systematically review the literature on physical activity's effect on depressive symptoms in Parkinson disease.BackgroundDepression is a common symptom of Parkinson's disease and is associated with increased disability, rapid progression of motor symptoms, mortality, and adverse effects on Quality of Life.DesignA systematic review of primary research was undertaken and conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews.Data sourcesDatabases Scopus, Psycho-info, CINAHL, PubMed, and ProQuest Cochrance were searched from January 2006 to June 2017. The language was restricted to English.Review methodsAbstracts were screened and reviewed against the eligibility criteria (participants' mean age were ? 60 with PD, PA interventions, depression as one of outcome variables, and Randomized Control Trail or quasi-experimental design). Two reviewers appraised the quality of the data extracted. The modified Jadad scale assessed the quality of the methodology of the published papers.ResultsThe database search yielded 769 abstracts, 11 of which were included in this review and awarded scores ranging from 3 to 8 (Scale scores range from 0 to 8 points, higher scores indicated better quality) by the raters. These 11 studies included 342 patients and executed 17 kinds of physical activity programs. Results of this review show empirical evidence to support the efficacy of physical activity for the population with Parkinson's disease. Aerobic training exercise significantly improved the participants' scores on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Quality of Life of the patients. Qigong improved scores in UPDRS-III and decreased incidences of multiple non-motor symptoms and depression. Furthermore, a balance-training program, such as Tai Chi, can improve postural stability and Quality of Life.ConclusionsPhysical activity may assuage the degeneration of motor skills and depression as well as increase the Quality of Life of Parkinson's disease patients, with aerobic training producing the best results. These findings suggest that physical activity, notably aerobic training, could be a good exercise strategy for patients with Parkinson's disease.
| S-EPMC5531507 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundSkeletal muscle loss has been associated with declining physical performance and a negative prognostic effect on falls, disability, and mortality risk in Parkinson's disease.ObjectivesWe aimed to analyze the clinical correlates associated with skeletal muscle wasting in Parkinson's disease.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional, case-control, observational study. We collected information on dietary intake with a 24-hour recall questionnaire, body composition with bioelectrical impedance, motor severity with the Unified Parkinson's disease Rating Scale, and physical activity with the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. We used multivariate linear regression analysis to analyze the sociodemographic and clinical correlates associated with skeletal muscle loss after adjusting for confounding variables.ResultsForty-three patients with Parkinson's disease and 21 matched family members were included. Patients and family members had similar body composition, anthropometrics, and nutritional parameters. Advanced patients had similar nutrient intakes compared to patients with mild-to-moderate Parkinson's disease. In the multivariate linear regression analysis, female patients with low physical activity and low energy intake were more likely to have skeletal muscle loss.ConclusionsSkeletal muscle wasting is a complex multifactorial problem. Dietary strategies and physical exercise should be recommended, especially to females with Parkinson's disease, to prevent significant skeletal muscle wasting.
| S-EPMC8354079 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundHow physical activity (PA) and different sleep traits and overall sleep pattern interact in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD) remain unknown.ObjectiveTo prospectively investigate the joint associations of PA and sleep pattern with risk of PD.MethodsIncluded were 339,666 PD-free participants from the UK Biobank. Baseline PA levels were grouped into low (< 600 MET-mins/week), medium (600 to < 3000 MET-mins/week) and high (≥ 3000 MET-mins/week) according to the instructions of the UK Biobank. Healthy sleep traits (chronotype, sleep duration, insomnia, snoring, and daytime sleepiness) were scored from 0 to 5 and were categorized into "ideal sleep pattern" (≥ 3 sleep scores) and "poor sleep pattern" (0-2 sleep scores). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of PD were estimated by Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsDuring a median of 11.8 years of follow-up, 1,966 PD events were identified. The PD risk was lower in participants with high PA (HR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.64, 0.84), compared to those with low PA; and participants with ideal sleep pattern also had a lower risk of PD (HR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.69, 0.87), compared to those with poor sleep pattern. When jointly investigating the combined effect, participants with both high PA and ideal sleep pattern had the lowest risk of incident PD (HR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.69), compared to those with low PA and poor sleep pattern; notably, participants with high PA but poor sleep pattern also gained benefit on PD risk reduction (HR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.55, 0.99).ConclusionsBoth high PA and ideal sleep pattern were independently associated with lower risk of developing PD, and those with both high PA level and ideal sleep pattern had the lowest risk. Our results suggest that improving PA levels and sleep quality may be promising intervention targets for the prevention of PD.
| S-EPMC10867998 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological disorder that is associated with both motor and non-motor symptoms (NMS). The management of PD is primarily via pharmaceutical treatment; however, non-pharmaceutical interventions have become increasingly recognized in the management of motor and NMS. In this review, the efficacy of physical activity, including physiotherapy and occupational therapy, as an intervention in NMS will be assessed. The papers were extracted between the 20th and 22nd of June 2016 from PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Ovid, SportsDiscuss, and Scopus using the MeSH search terms "Parkinson's," "Parkinson," and "Parkinsonism" in conjunction with "exercise," "physical activity," "physiotherapy," "occupational therapy," "physical therapy," "rehabilitation," "dance," and "martial arts." Twenty studies matched inclusion criteria of having 10 or more participants with diagnosed idiopathic PD participating in the intervention as well as having to evaluate the effects of physical activity on NMS in PD as controlled, randomized intervention studies. The outcomes of interest were NMS, including depression, cognition, fatigue, apathy, anxiety, and sleep. Risk of bias in the studies was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias. Comparability of the various intervention methods, however, was challenging due to demographic variability and methodological differences. Nevertheless, physical activity can positively impact the global NMS burden including depression, apathy, fatigue, day time sleepiness, sleep, and cognition, thus supporting its therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative conditions such as PD. It is recommended that further adequately powered studies are conducted to assess the therapeutic role of physical activity on both motor and non-motor aspects of PD. These studies should be optimally designed to assess non-motor elements of disease using instruments validated in PD.
| S-EPMC4987718 | biostudies-literature