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Methanolic extract of Tamarix Gallica attenuates hyperhomocysteinemia induced AD-like pathology and cognitive impairments in rats.

ABSTRACT: Although few drugs are available today for the management of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and many plants and their extracts are extensively employed in animals' studies and AD patients, yet no drug or plant extract is able to reverse AD symptoms adequately. In the present study, Tamarix gallica (TG), a naturally occurring plant known for its strong antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-amyloidogenic properties, was evaluated on homocysteine (Hcy) induced AD-like pathology and cognitive impairments in rats. We found that TG attenuated Hcy-induced oxidative stress and memory deficits. TG also improved neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation by upregulating synaptic proteins such as PSD95 and synapsin 1 and downregulating inflammatory markers including CD68 and GFAP with concomitant decrease in proinflammatory mediators interlukin-1? (IL1?) and tumor necrosis factor ? (TNF?). TG attenuated tau hyperphosphorylation at multiple AD-related sites through decreasing some kinases and increasing phosphatase activities. Moreover, TG rescued amyloid-? (A?) pathology through downregulating BACE1. Our data for the first time provide evidence that TG attenuates Hcy-induced AD-like pathological changes and cognitive impairments, making TG a promising candidate for the treatment of AD-associated pathological changes.

SUBMITTER: Salissou MTM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6286848 | biostudies-other | 2018 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Methanolic extract of <i>Tamarix Gallica</i> attenuates hyperhomocysteinemia induced AD-like pathology and cognitive impairments in rats.

Salissou Maibouge Tanko Mahamane MTM Mahaman Yacoubou Abdoul Razak YAR Zhu Feiqi F Huang Fang F Wang Yuman Y Xu Zhendong Z Ke Dan D Wang Qun Q Liu Rong R Wang Jian-Zhi JZ Zhang Bin B Wang Xiaochuan X

Aging 20181101 11

Although few drugs are available today for the management of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and many plants and their extracts are extensively employed in animals' studies and AD patients, yet no drug or plant extract is able to reverse AD symptoms adequately. In the present study, <i>Tamarix gallica</i> (TG), a naturally occurring plant known for its strong antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-amyloidogenic properties, was evaluated on homocysteine (Hcy) induced AD-like pathology and cognitive i ...[more]

PMID: 30425189

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Project description:BackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis is associated with amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced neuroinflammation. In AD, the activation of microglia caused by Aβ accumulation is followed by the synthesis and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), and ultimately leads to cognitive impairments. Clausena harmandiana (CH) is a medicinal plant in the Rutaceae family and has been used in folk medicine to relieve illnesses such as stomachache and headache, and as a health tonic. Interestingly, CH root extract (CHRE) has several anti-inflammatory and other pharmacological activities, but there are no studies in AD-like animal models.ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate the effects of CHRE on cognitive impairments, increased Aβ1-42 protein levels, and neuroinflammation in Aβ1-42-induced rats.MethodsForty-eight adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 g) were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 8) of the sham control, V + Aβ, CB + Aβ CHRE125 + Aβ, CHRE250 + Aβ, and CHRE500 + Aβ. Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, Celebrex (10 mg/kg BW) and CHRE (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg BW) were given orally or without any treatment for 35 days. On day 21, aggregated Aβ1-42 at a concentration of 1 μg/μl were injected into both lateral ventricles (1 μl/side) of all treated rats, while sterilized normal saline were injected to untreated rats. Ten days later, the novel object recognition test was performed to assess their recognition memory. At the end of the test period, an overdose of thiopental sodium (120 mg/kg BW) and transcardial perfusion with 0.9% normal saline solution were used to euthanize all rats. Then Aβ1-42 protein levels and the expression of inflammatory markers (CD11b-positive microglia, IL-1β, and TNFα) were investigated in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus.ResultsPretreatment with CHRE at all doses could attenuate short- and long-term impairments in recognition memory. Additionally, CHRE also inhibited the increase of Aβ1-42 protein levels and the expression of inflammatory markers in both brain regions as well as receiving Celebrex.ConclusionsThis suggests that preventive treatment of CHRE might be a potential therapy against cognitive impairments via reducing Aβ1-42 protein levels and neuroinflammation caused by Aβ1-42.

Dataset Information

Methanolic extract of Tamarix Gallica attenuates hyperhomocysteinemia induced AD-like pathology and cognitive impairments in rats.

Publications

Methanolic extract of <i>Tamarix Gallica</i> attenuates hyperhomocysteinemia induced AD-like pathology and cognitive impairments in rats.

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