Dataset Information

Inverse Doppler Effects in Pipe Instruments.

ABSTRACT: Music is older than language, and for most of human history music holds our culture together. The pipe instrument is one of the most popular musical instruments of all time. Built on the foundation of previous flute and flute-like acoustic metamaterial models, we herein report the experimental results of the inverse Doppler effects discovered in two common pipe instruments - recorder and clarinet. Our study shows that the inverse Doppler effects can be detected at all seven pitches of an ascending musical scale when there is a relative motion between a microphone (observer) and abovementioned two pipe instruments (source). The calculated effective refractive indices of these two pipe instruments are negative and varying across a set of pitches, exhibiting a desired characteristic of broadband acoustic metamaterials. This study suggests that recorder and clarinet may be the earliest man-made acoustic metamaterials known so far, offering a new explanation why pipe instruments have enjoyed wide popularity in Europe and Asia over the past hundreds and thousands years. This newly discovered phenomenon would also offer a clue into designing next-generation smart broadband double-negative acoustic metamaterials with varying refractive index.

SUBMITTER: Zhai SL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6292856 | biostudies-other | 2018 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Inverse Doppler Effects in Pipe Instruments.

Zhai S L SL Zhao J J Shen F L FL Li L L LL Zhao X P XP

Scientific reports 20181213 1

Music is older than language, and for most of human history music holds our culture together. The pipe instrument is one of the most popular musical instruments of all time. Built on the foundation of previous flute and flute-like acoustic metamaterial models, we herein report the experimental results of the inverse Doppler effects discovered in two common pipe instruments - recorder and clarinet. Our study shows that the inverse Doppler effects can be detected at all seven pitches of an ascendi ...[more]

PMID: 30546122

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Project description:INTRODUCTION:The number of cancer survivors is projected to increase to 22.1 million by 2030. Late effects incorporate the full domains of cancer survivorship (e.g., physiologic, psychosocial, economic). They are numerous, complex, and potentially alter the life trajectories of cancer survivors. Currently, research is missing on the impact of late effects (e.g., cardiomyopathy, fertility, lymphedema, anxiety) on cancer survivors. OBJECTIVE:The goal of this study is to present a systematic review of existing instruments for identifying, diagnosing, and managing late effects within cancer survivors. METHODS:Using PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted using the electronic databases of PubMed and Web of Science to identify relevant papers. Articles considered eligible for this review met the following criteria: 1) written in English, 2) published until September 30, 2019, and 3) containing instruments with questions on late effects. Hypothesis, study design, study sample, questionnaire domains, details of late effects, results, conclusions, and advantages/disadvantages of each article were assessed using a modified version of the NHLBI quality assessment tool. RESULTS:An exhaustive literature review revealed 576 publications in PubMed, 628 in Web of Science, and 260 from additional sources. After removing duplicates, articles without late-effects questionnaires, and publications using identical questionnaires, 11 studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Study quality assessment was measured on a scale of 0-6 (0 = poor quality; 6 = highest quality). Only one study was rated with a score of 5 (Rocque). CONCLUSIONS:Taken in totality, none of the studies adequately addressed the prevalence, etiology, characteristics, management, and prevention of late effects. There is currently no comprehensive questionnaire that captures all of the relevant details of late effects across the cancer survivorship continuum nor that tracks the interrelatedness of multiple late effects. Hence, it is difficult to identify, diagnose, manage, and ultimately prevent late effects.

Dataset Information

Inverse Doppler Effects in Pipe Instruments.

Publications

Inverse Doppler Effects in Pipe Instruments.

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