Dataset Information

Short-term effects of ambient air pollution on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admissions in Beijing, China (2013-2017).

ABSTRACT: Purpose:Evidence between air pollution and COPD admissions is inconsistent and limited in China. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of air pollutants on COPD admissions in Beijing, China. Patients and methods:Daily COPD hospital admission visits derived from tertiary and secondary hospitals in Beijing were retrieved from January 2013 to February 2017. Air pollutant levels and meteorological data over the same periods were also achieved. Generalized additive model was applied to estimate the percentage changes with 95% CIs in daily admissions corresponding to 10 µg/m3 increases in pollutants levels [1 mg/m3 in carbon monoxide (CO)], stratified by age, gender, and season. Results:Seventy-three thousand seventy-six COPD hospital admission visits were included with mean daily visits of 48 (21). Cumulative lag effect with per 10 µg/m3 increase in air pollutant levels was largest for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) with 3.03% (95% CI: 1.82%-4.26%) at lag 06, for sulfur dioxide (SO2) with 2.07% (95% CI: 1.00%-3.15%) at lag 01, for particulate matter ≤10 µm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) with 0.92% (95% CI: 0.55%-1.30%) at lag 07, and for particulate matter ≤2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) with 0.82% (95% CI: 0.38%-1.26%) at lag 06, respectively. Percentage increase for each 1 mg/m3 increase in CO was 5.99% (95% CI: 2.74%-9.34%) at lag 06. Further, stronger effects on COPD admissions were found in warm seasons than in cold seasons. Conclusion:Short-term exposures to PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, and CO had adverse effects on COPD hospitalizations in Beijing with different magnitudes and lag days.

SUBMITTER: Gao N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6350834 | biostudies-other | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Short-term effects of ambient air pollution on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admissions in Beijing, China (2013-2017).

Gao Nannan N Li Chunhou C Ji Jiadong J Yang Yanli Y Wang Shaoting S Tian Xinlun X Xu Kai-Feng KF

International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 20190123

<h4>Purpose</h4>Evidence between air pollution and COPD admissions is inconsistent and limited in China. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of air pollutants on COPD admissions in Beijing, China.<h4>Patients and methods</h4>Daily COPD hospital admission visits derived from tertiary and secondary hospitals in Beijing were retrieved from January 2013 to February 2017. Air pollutant levels and meteorological data over the same periods were also achieved. Generalized additive model was a ...[more]

PMID: 30774327

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Exposure to air pollution is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, findings on the effects of air pollution on lung function and systemic inflammation in Chinese COPD patients are inconsistent and scarce. This study aims to evaluate the effects of ambient air pollution on lung function parameters and serum cytokine levels in a COPD cohort in Beijing, China. METHODS:We enrolled COPD participants on a rolling basis from December 2015 to September 2017 in Beijing, China. Follow-ups were performed every 3 months for each participant. Serum levels of 20 cytokines were detected every 6 months. Hourly ambient pollutant levels over the same periods were obtained from 35 monitoring stations across Beijing. Geocoded residential addresses of the participants were used to estimate daily mean pollution exposures. A linear mixed-effect model was applied to explore the effects of air pollutants on health in the first-year of follow-up. RESULTS:A total of 84 COPD patients were enrolled at baseline. Of those, 75 COPD patients completed the first-year of follow-up. We found adverse cumulative effects of particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) on the forced vital capacity % predicted (FVC % pred) in patients with COPD. Further analyses illustrated that among COPD patients, air pollution exposure was associated with reduced levels of serum eotaxin, interleukin 4 (IL-4) and IL-13 and was correlated with increased serum IL-2, IL-12, IL-17A, interferon γ (IFNγ), monocyte displacing protein 1 (MCP-1) and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L). CONCLUSION:Acute exposures to PM2.5, NO2, SO2 and CO were associated with a reduction in FVC % pred in COPD patients. Furthermore, short-term exposure to air pollutants increased systemic inflammation in COPD patients; this may be attributed to increased Th1 and Th17 cytokines and decreased Th2 cytokines.

Project description:BackgroundAir pollution is a major risk factor for planetary health and has long been suspected of predisposing humans to respiratory diseases induced by pathogens like influenza viruses. However, epidemiological evidence remains elusive due to lack of longitudinal data from large cohorts.ObjectiveOur aim is to quantify the short-term association of influenza incidence with exposure to ambient air pollutants in Chinese cities.MethodsBased on air pollutant data and influenza surveillance data from 82 cities in China over a period of 5 years, we applied a two-stage time series analysis to assess the association of daily incidence of reported influenza cases with six common air pollutants [particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5μm (PM2.5), particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤10μm (PM10), NO2, SO2, CO, and O3], while adjusting for potential confounders including temperature, relative humidity, seasonality, and holiday effects. We built a distributed lag Poisson model for one or multiple pollutants in each individual city in the first stage and conducted a meta-analysis to pool city-specific estimates in the second stage.ResultsA total of 3,735,934 influenza cases were reported in 82 cities from 2015 to 2019, accounting for 72.71% of the overall case number reported in the mainland of China. The time series models for each pollutant alone showed that the daily incidence of reported influenza cases was positively associated with almost all air pollutants except for ozone. The most prominent short-term associations were found for SO2 and NO2 with cumulative risk ratios of 1.094 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.054, 1.136] and 1.093 (95% CI: 1.067, 1.119), respectively, for each 10 μg/m3 increase in the concentration at each of the lags of 1-7 d. Only NO2 showed a significant association with the daily incidence of influenza cases in the multipollutant model that adjusts all six air pollutants together. The impact of air pollutants on influenza was generally found to be greater in children, in subtropical cities, and during cold months.DiscussionIncreased exposure to ambient air pollutants, particularly NO2, is associated with a higher risk of influenza-associated illness. Policies on reducing air pollution levels may help alleviate the disease burden due to influenza infection. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12146.

Project description:Abstract Extensive evidence suggests that ambient air pollution contributes to a higher risk of hospital admissions for cerebrovascular diseases; however, its association with admissions for sequelae of stroke remains unclear. A time‐stratified case‐crossover study was conducted among 31,810 older adults who were admitted to hospital for sequelae of stroke in Guangzhou, China during 2016–2019. For each subject, daily residential exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), inhalable particulate matter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3) was extracted from a validated grid data set. Conditional logistic regression models were used for exposure‐response analyses. In single‐pollutant models, each interquartile range (IQR) increase of lag 04‐day exposure to CO (IQR: 0.25 mg/m3) and lag 3‐day exposure to O3 (69.6 μg/m3) was significantly associated with a 4.53% (95% confidence interval: 1.67%, 7.47%) and 5.63% (1.92%, 9.48%) increase in odds of hospital admissions for sequelae of stroke, respectively. These associations did not significantly vary across age or sex. With further adjustment for each of the other pollutants in 2‐pollutant models, the association for CO did not change significantly, while the association for O3 disappeared. We estimated that 7.72% of the hospital admissions were attributable to CO exposures. No significant or consistent association was observed for exposure to PM2.5, PM10, SO2, or NO2. In conclusion, short‐term exposure to ambient CO, even at levels below the WHO air quality guideline, was significantly associated with an increased odds of hospital admissions for sequelae of stroke, which may lead to considerable excess hospital admissions. Key Points Short‐term exposure to ambient carbon monoxide (CO) was significantly associated with an increased odds of hospital admissions for sequelae of stroke Ambient CO exposure may contribute to considerable excess hospital admissions for sequelae of stroke Our findings provide useful clues for the public to help prevent hospital admissions for sequelae of stroke by considering the effect of CO exposure

Project description:BackgroundAir pollution disparities by socioeconomic status (SES) are well documented for the United States, with most literature indicating an inverse relationship (i.e., higher concentrations for lower-SES populations). Few studies exist for China, a country accounting for 26% of global premature deaths from ambient air pollution.ObjectiveOur objective was to test the relationship between ambient air pollution exposures and SES in China.MethodsWe combined estimated year 2015 annual-average ambient levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and fine particulate matter [PM ≤2.5μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5)] with national demographic information. Pollution estimates were derived from a national empirical model for China at 1-km spatial resolution; demographic estimates were derived from national gridded gross national product (GDP) per capita at 1-km resolution, and (separately) a national representative sample of 21,095 individuals from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2015 cohort. Our use of global data on population density and cohort data on where people live helped avoid the spatial imprecision found in publicly available census data for China. We quantified air pollution disparities among individual's rural-to-urban migration status; SES factors (education, occupation, and income); and minority status. We compared results using three approaches to SES measurement: individual SES score, community-averaged SES score, and gridded GDP per capita.ResultsAmbient NO2 and PM2.5 levels were higher for higher-SES populations than for lower-SES population, higher for long-standing urban residents than for rural-to-urban migrant populations, and higher for the majority ethnic group (Han) than for the average across nine minority groups. For the three SES measurements (individual SES score, community-averaged SES score, gridded GDP per capita), a 1-interquartile range higher SES corresponded to higher concentrations of 6-9 μg/m3 NO2 and 3-6 μg/m3 PM2.5; average concentrations for the highest and lowest 20th percentile of SES differed by 41-89% for NO2 and 12-25% for PM2.5. This pattern held in rural and urban locations, across geographic regions, across a wide range of spatial resolution, and for modeled vs. measured pollution concentrations.ConclusionsMultiple analyses here reveal that in China, ambient NO2 and PM2.5 concentrations are higher for high-SES than for low-SES individuals; these results are robust to multiple sensitivity analyses. Our findings are consistent with the idea that in China's current industrialization and urbanization stage, economic development is correlated with both SES and air pollution. To our knowledge, our study provides the most comprehensive picture to date of ambient air pollution disparities in China; the results differ dramatically from results and from theories to explain conditions in the United States. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9872.

Dataset Information

Short-term effects of ambient air pollution on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admissions in Beijing, China (2013-2017).

Publications

Short-term effects of ambient air pollution on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease admissions in Beijing, China (2013-2017).

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