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Quality evaluation of Panax quinquefolium from different cultivation regions based on their ginsenoside content and radioprotective effects on irradiated mice.

ABSTRACT: Ginsenosides are one of major types of bioactive compounds in American ginseng (AG) and utilized to assess the quality of various AG samples. The contents of ginsenosides showed cultivation region-related variation, which is possibly associated with AG's pharmacological effect difference. Therefore, to reveal the quality difference of AGs in different cultivation regions, AG samples from seven cultivation regions were evaluated via analyzing their contents of nine ginsenosides and the biochemical parameters in AG-treated irradiated mice. Pre-administration of AG decoctions could reversely modulate the irradiation-induced changes of antioxidant enzymatic activity, cytokine level and hormone level in irradiated mice, which demonstrated that AG had the radioprotective effects due to its antioxidative, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. However, this radioprotection effect varied among different cultivation regions of AGs. Collectively, Beijing and Canada-cultivated AGs had the best radioprotection. Heilongjiang and Jilin-originated AGs had the similar pharmacological effects while USA, Shandong and Shaanxi-grown AGs had closer pharmacological effects. This biochemical measurements-based PCA and heatmap clustering of AGs from seven cultivation regions was nearly consistent with ginsencoside content- and the previous serum metabolome-based analyses. However, the pearson correlation analysis revealed that only Rb3 and Rd were significantly correlated with some of assayed biochemical parameters in irradiated mice pretreated with different cultivation regions of AG extracts.

SUBMITTER: Liao D

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6355895 | biostudies-other | 2019 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Quality evaluation of Panax quinquefolium from different cultivation regions based on their ginsenoside content and radioprotective effects on irradiated mice.

Liao Dengqun D Jia Chan C Sun Peng P Qi Jianjun J Li Xian'en X

Scientific reports 20190131 1

Ginsenosides are one of major types of bioactive compounds in American ginseng (AG) and utilized to assess the quality of various AG samples. The contents of ginsenosides showed cultivation region-related variation, which is possibly associated with AG's pharmacological effect difference. Therefore, to reveal the quality difference of AGs in different cultivation regions, AG samples from seven cultivation regions were evaluated via analyzing their contents of nine ginsenosides and the biochemica ...[more]

PMID: 30705366

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Project description:Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer is a shade plant, and its leaves are an important medicinal part of P. ginseng. Light intensity plays a crucial role in physiological activities and metabolite accumulation in P. ginseng. Currently, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying physiological changes and quality under different light intensities in P. ginseng leaves. Therefore, we investigated the changes in photosynthetic physiology, secondary metabolism, transcriptomics, and metabolomics of P. ginseng leaves under different light intensities [T20 (20 µmol m-2·s-1), T50 (50 µmol m-2·s-1), T100 (100 μmol m-2·s-1)]]. Higher light intensity positively influenced the yield, photosynthesis, and accumulation of polysaccharides, soluble sugars, terpenoids, and ginsenosides in P. ginseng leaves. The T100 treatment notably promoted the accumulation of ginsenosides in the leaves, resulting in a 68.32% and 45.55% increase in total ginsenosides compared to the T20 and T50 treatments, respectively. Ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rc, Rg2, Rb2, Rb3, and Rd were 1.28-, 1.47-, 2.32-, 1.64-, 1.28-, 2.59-, 1.66-, and 2.28-times higher than in the T20 treatment. Furthermore, 285 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and 4218 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the metabolome and transcriptome of P. ginseng leaves, respectively, were identified. 13 triterpenoid saponins were significantly upregulated, and three were downregulated. The expression of genes encoding photosystem II reaction center proteins was upregulated under the T100 treatment, thereby increasing photosynthetic activity. The T100 treatment enhanced the expression of genes involved in photosynthetic carbon and energy metabolism in P. ginseng. The expression of antenna protein synthesis genes was upregulated under the T20, which increased the ability to capture light in P. ginseng leaves. T100 upregulated the expression of HMGR, SS, CYP716A53v2, UGT74AE, PgUGT1, and UGTPg45, thereby promoting terpene and ginsenoside synthesis. In summary, 100 µmol m-2·s-1 was conducive to quality formation of P. ginseng leaves. This study elucidates molecular mechanisms underlying the photosynthetic physiology and ginsenoside synthesis in P. ginseng under varying light intensities and provides a theoretical basis for the P. ginseng cultivation and its industrial production of secondary metabolites.

Dataset Information

Quality evaluation of Panax quinquefolium from different cultivation regions based on their ginsenoside content and radioprotective effects on irradiated mice.

Publications

Quality evaluation of Panax quinquefolium from different cultivation regions based on their ginsenoside content and radioprotective effects on irradiated mice.

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