Dataset Information

Nutritional potential of wild sorghum: Grain quality of Sudanese wild sorghum genotypes (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench).

ABSTRACT: In the last decades, deficiency of macro- and micronutrients was considered as a serious problem associated with the increase in the human population. To meet the increased demand for food consumption, the wild relative plant might serve as an important source of new genetic material for increasing macro- and micronutrients. To investigate this, the variations in protein content, in vitro protein digestibility, tannin content, phytic acid content, total polyphenol content, and total and bioavailability of minerals were studied in grains of ten wild sorghums and two released sorghum cultivars. The results showed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in all quality tests among the genotypes. The highest percentage of total protein contents and in vitro protein digestibility were encountered in the grains of PQ-434 (14.6%) and the released cultivar AG8 (49.8%), respectively, while the highest concentrations of total and bioavailable iron were found in the grains of Almahkara (3.17 mg/100 g) and Abusabiba (92.8 mg/100 g), respectively. The grains of wild sorghum genotype Adar Umbatikh grains were found to possess higher total zinc contents. The PCA identified only five components of eigenvalues greater than one and cumulatively accounted for 88% of the total variation. It could be concluded that Almahkara and PQ-434 could be used as potential sources for iron and protein sorghum biofortification, respectively. Results from this study might be used in the development of new value-added products from wild sorghum grains by-products.

SUBMITTER: Abdelhalim TS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6475732 | biostudies-other | 2019 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Nutritional potential of wild sorghum: Grain quality of Sudanese wild sorghum genotypes (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> L. Moench).

Abdelhalim Tilal Sayed TS Kamal Nasrein Mohamed NM Hassan Amro B AB

Food science & nutrition 20190325 4

In the last decades, deficiency of macro- and micronutrients was considered as a serious problem associated with the increase in the human population. To meet the increased demand for food consumption, the wild relative plant might serve as an important source of new genetic material for increasing macro- and micronutrients. To investigate this, the variations in protein content, in vitro protein digestibility, tannin content, phytic acid content, total polyphenol content, and total and bioavail ...[more]

PMID: 31024727

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Project description:BACKGROUND:In sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), one paramount breeding objective is to increase grain quality. The nutritional quality and end use value of sorghum grains are primarily influenced by the proportions of tannins, starch and proteins, but the genetic basis of these grain quality traits remains largely unknown. This study aimed to dissect the natural variation of sorghum grain quality traits and identify the underpinning genetic loci by genome-wide association study. RESULTS:Levels of starch, tannins and 17 amino acids were quantified in 196 diverse sorghum inbred lines, and 44 traits based on known metabolic pathways and biochemical interactions amongst the 17 amino acids calculated. A Genome-wide association study (GWAS) with 3,512,517 SNPs from re-sequencing data identified 14, 15 and 711 significant SNPs which represented 14, 14, 492 genetic loci associated with levels of tannins, starch and amino acids in sorghum grains, respectively. Amongst these significant SNPs, two SNPs were associated with tannin content on chromosome 4 and colocalized with three previously identified loci for Tannin1, and orthologs of Zm1 and TT16 genes. One SNP associated with starch content colocalized with sucrose phosphate synthase gene. Furthermore, homologues of opaque1 and opaque2 genes associated with amino acid content were identified. Using the KEGG pathway database, six and three candidate genes of tannins and starch were mapped into 12 and 3 metabolism pathways, respectively. Thirty-four candidate genes were mapped into 16 biosynthetic and catabolic pathways of amino acids. We finally reconstructed the biosynthetic pathways for aspartate and branched-chain amino acids based on 15 candidate genes identified in this study. CONCLUSION:Promising candidate genes associated with grain quality traits have been identified in the present study. Some of them colocalized with previously identified genetic regions, but novel candidate genes involved in various metabolic pathways which influence grain quality traits have been dissected. Our study acts as an entry point for further validation studies to elucidate the complex mechanisms controlling grain quality traits such as tannins, starch and amino acids in sorghum.

Project description:In the tropical and semi-arid regions of Africa, sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is mainly grown as a major food security crop. Understanding the extent and pattern of genetic variability is a prerequisite criterion for sorghum improvement and conservation. The genetic diversity and population structure of 100 genotypes of sorghum were profiled using 15 microsatellite loci. A total of 108 alleles, with an overall mean of 7.2 alleles per locus, were produced by all of the microsatellite loci used due to their high polymorphism. Polymorphic information content values ranging from 0.68 to 0.89 indicated that all of the loci are effective genetic tools for analysing the genetic structure of sorghum. Different diversity metrics were used to evaluate genetic diversity among populations, and Nei's gene diversity index ranged from 0.74 to 0.81 with an overall mean of 0.78. Poor genetic differentiation (FST: 0.02; p < 0.0001) was found, where 98% of entire variability was accounted by the within populations genetic variability, leaving only 2.32% among populations. The highest genetic differentiation and Nis's genetic distance were observed between the sorghum populations of the Southern Nation and Nationalities Peoples and Dire Dawa regions. Due to increased gene flow (Nm = 10.53), the clustering, principal coordinate analysis and STRUCTURE analysis failed to categorize the populations into genetically different groups corresponding to their geographic sampling areas. In general, it was found that the microsatellite loci were highly informative and therefore valuable genetic tools to unfold the genetic diversity and population structure of Ethiopian sorghum genotypes. Among the five populations studied, sorghum populations from Amhara and Oromia had the highest genetic variation, indicating that the regions could be perhaps hotspots for useful alleles for the development of better-performing genotypes, and also for designing appropriate germplasm management strategies.

Dataset Information

Nutritional potential of wild sorghum: Grain quality of Sudanese wild sorghum genotypes (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench).

Publications

Nutritional potential of wild sorghum: Grain quality of Sudanese wild sorghum genotypes (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> L. Moench).

Similar Datasets

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