Dataset Information

A Longitudinal Study of the Association Between Persistent Pathogens and Incident Depression Among Older US Latinos.

ABSTRACT: Depression is estimated to affect over 6.5 million Americans 65 years of age and older and compared to Non-Latino Whites older US Latinos have a greater incidence and severity of depression, warranting further investigation of novel risk factors for depression onset among this population. We used data on 771/1789 individuals ≥ 60 years of age from the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging (1998-2008) who were tested for cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster, Helicobacter pylori, Toxoplasma gondii, and C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) level. Among those without elevated depressive symptoms at baseline, we examined the association between each pathogen, inflammatory markers and incident depression over up to approximately nine years of follow-up using discrete time logistic regression. We found that only CMV seropositivity was statistically significantly associated with increased odds of incident depression (odds ratio (OR) 1.38, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00, 1.90) in the total sample as well as among women only (OR 1.70, 95% CI: 1.01, 2.86). These associations were not mediated by CRP or IL-6 levels. Our findings suggest that CMV seropositivity may serve as an important risk factor for the onset of depression among older US Latinos, but act outside of inflammatory pathways.

SUBMITTER: Simanek AM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6477673 | biostudies-other | 2018 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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A Longitudinal Study of the Association Between Persistent Pathogens and Incident Depression Among Older U.S. Latinos.

Simanek Amanda M AM Zheng Cheng C Yolken Robert R Haan Mary M Aiello Allison E AE

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences 20190401 5

Depression is estimated to affect more than 6.5 million Americans 65 years of age and older and compared with non-Latino whites older U.S. Latinos have a greater incidence and severity of depression, warranting further investigation of novel risk factors for depression onset among this population. We used data on 771/1,789 individuals ≥60 years of age from the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging (1998-2008) who were tested for cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster, Heli ...[more]

PMID: 30084944

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Project description:BackgroundAlthough multimorbidity is a risk factor for disability, the relationship between the accumulative patterns of multimorbidity and disability remains poorly understood. The objective of this study was to identify the latent groups of multimorbidity trajectories among mid to older age adults and to examine their associations with incident disability.MethodsWe included 5,548 participants aged ≥ 45 years who participated in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study from 2011 to 2018 and had no multimorbidity (≥ 2 chronic conditions) at baseline. The group-based multi-trajectory modeling was used to identify distinct trajectory groups of multimorbidity based on the latent dimensions underlying 13 chronic conditions. The association between multimorbidity trajectories and incident disability was analyzed using the generalized estimating equation model adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsOf the 5,548 participants included in the current analysis, 2,407 (43.39%) developed multimorbidity during the follow-up. Among participants with new-onset multimorbidity, four trajectory groups were identified according to the combination of newly diagnosed diseases: "Cardiometabolic" (N = 821, 34.11%), "Digestive-arthritic" (N = 753, 31.28%), "Cardiometabolic/Brain" (N = 618, 25.68%), and "Respiratory" (N = 215, 8.93%). Compared to participants who did not develop multimorbidity, the risk of incident disability was most significantly increased in the "Cardiometabolic/Brain" trajectory group (OR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.55-2.70), followed by the "Cardiometabolic" (OR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.52 -2.53) and "Digestive-arthritic" (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.31-2.20) trajectory groups.ConclusionsThe growing burden of multimorbidity, especially the comorbid of cardiometabolic and brain diseases, may be associated with a significantly increased risk of disability for mid to older age adults. These findings improve our understanding of multimorbidity patterns that affect the independence of living and inform the development of strategies for the primary prevention of disability.

Project description:BackgroundPersistent tinnitus is common, disabling, and difficult to treat. High-dose aspirin may precipitate tinnitus, but longitudinal data on typical dose aspirin and other analgesics are scarce.ObjectiveTo investigate independent associations of aspirin, NSAIDs, and acetaminophen and risk of incident persistent tinnitus.DesignLongitudinal cohort study.SettingNurses' Health Study II (1995-2017).ParticipantsA total of 69,455 women, age 31-48 years, without tinnitus at baseline.Main measuresInformation on analgesic use and tinnitus obtained by biennial questionnaires.Key resultsAfter 1,120,936 person-years of follow-up, 10,452 cases of incident persistent tinnitus were reported. For low-dose aspirin, the risk of developing persistent tinnitus was not elevated among frequent low-dose aspirin users. For moderate dose aspirin, frequent use was associated with higher risk of tinnitus among women aged < 60 years, but not among older women (p-interactionage = 0.003). Compared with women aged < 60 using moderate-dose aspirin < 1 day/week, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (MVHR, 95% CI) among women using moderate-dose aspirin 6-7 days per week was 1.16 (1.03, 1.32). Among all women, frequent non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) or acetaminophen use was associated with higher risk. Compared with women using NSAIDs <1 day/week, the MVHR for use 4-5days/week was 1.17 (1.08, 1.28) and for 6-7days/week was 1.07 (1.00, 1.16) (p-trend=0.001). For acetaminophen, compared with use <1 day/week, the MVHR for use 6-7days/week was 1.18 (1.07, 1.29) (p-trend=0.002).LimitationsInformation on tinnitus and analgesic use was self-reported. Information on indications for analgesic use was not available. Studies in non-White women and men are needed.ConclusionThe risk of developing persistent tinnitus was not elevated among frequent low-dose aspirin users. Among younger women, frequent moderate-dose aspirin use was associated with higher risk. Frequent NSAID use and frequent acetaminophen use were associated with higher risk of incident persistent tinnitus among all women, and the magnitude of the risks tended to be greater with increasing frequency of use. Our results suggest analgesic users are at higher risk for developing tinnitus and may provide insight into the precipitants of this challenging disorder, but additional investigation to determine whether there is a causal association is needed.

Project description:BackgroundPrevious research has found different multimorbidity patterns that negatively affects health outcomes of older adults. However, there is scarce evidence, especially on the role of social participation in the association between multimorbidity patterns and depression. Our study aimed to explore the relationship between multimorbidity patterns and depression among older adults in Taiwan, including the social participation effect on the different multimorbidity patterns.MethodsData were retracted from the Taiwan longitudinal study on ageing (TLSA) for this population-based cohort study. 1,975 older adults (age > 50) were included and were followed up from 1996 to 2011. We used latent class analysis to determine participants' multimorbidity patterns in 1996, whereas their incident depression was determined in 2011 by CES-D. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyse the relationship between multimorbidity patterns and depression.ResultsThe participants' average age was 62.1 years in 1996. Four multimorbidity patterns were discovered through latent class analysis, as follows: (1) Cardiometabolic group (n = 93), (2) Arthritis-cataract group (n = 105), (3) Multimorbidity group (n = 128) and (4) Relatively healthy group (n = 1649). Greater risk of incident depression was found among participants in the Multimorbidity group (OR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.02-2.58) than the Relatively healthy group after the multivariable analysis. Compare to participants in the relatively healthy group with social participation, participants in the arthritis-cataract group without social participation (OR: 2.22, 95% CI: 1.03-4.78) and the multimorbidity group without social participation (OR: 2.21, 95% CI: 1.14-4.30) had significantly increased risk of having depression.ConclusionDistinct multimorbidity patterns among older adults in Taiwan are linked with the incident depression during later life, and social participation functioned as a protective factor.

Project description:BackgroundFinancial hardship is associated with poor health, however the association of financial hardship and incident diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is unknown. This study aimed to examine the longitudinal relationship between financial hardship and incident DKD among older adults with diabetes.MethodsAnalyses were conducted in 2735 adults age 50 or older with diabetes and no DKD using four waves of data (2006-2012) from the Health and Retirement Study, a national longitudinal cohort. The primary outcome was incident DKD. Financial hardship was based on three measures: 1) difficulty paying bills; 2) food insecurity; and 3) cost-related medication non-adherence using validated surveys. A dichotomous financial hardship variable (0 vs 1 or more) was constructed based on all three measures. Cox regression models were used to estimate the association between financial hardship, change in financial hardship experience and incident DKD adjusting for demographics, socioeconomic status, and comorbidities.ResultsDuring the median follow-up period of 4.1 years, incident DKD rate was higher in individuals with versus without financial hardship (41.2 versus 27/1000 person years). After adjustment, individuals with financial hardship (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.04-1.68) had significantly increased likelihood of developing DKD compared to individuals without financial hardship. Persistent financial hardship (adjusted HR 1.52 95% CI 1.06-2.18) and negative financial hardship (adjusted HR 1.54 95% CI 1.02-2.33) were associated with incident DKD compared with no financial hardship experience. However, positive financial hardship was not statistically significant in unadjusted and adjusted (adjusted HR 0.89 95% CI 0.55-1.46) models. Cost-related medication non-adherence (adjusted HR 1.43 95% CI 1.07-1.93) was associated with incident DKD independent of other financial hardship measures.ConclusionsFinancial hardship experience is associated with a higher likelihood of incident DKD in older adults with diabetes. Future studies investigating factors that explain the relationship between financial hardship and incident DKD are needed.

Project description:BackgroundWhile regular cigar smoking is believed to carry similar health risks as regular cigarette smoking, the impact of cigar use, alone or in combination with cigarettes, on obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has not been well characterized. The purpose of this study was to examine the prospective association between exclusive and dual cigar and cigarette use and incident self-reported diagnosed COPD.MethodsThis study used data from Waves 1-5 (2013-2019) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, a nationally representative survey of U.S. adults. Longitudinal data from adults aged 40 to 79 at Wave 1, without a pre-existing COPD diagnosis who participated at follow-up interview were analyzed. A time-varying current tobacco exposure, lagged by one wave and categorized as: (a) never/non-current use; (b) exclusive cigar use; (c) exclusive cigarette use; and (d) dual cigar/cigarette use. Multivariable models adjusted for demographics (age, sex, race or ethnicity, education), clinical risk factors (asthma, obesity), and smoking-related confounders (second-hand smoke exposure, other combustible tobacco product use, e-cigarette use, time since quitting, cigarette pack-years). The incidence of self-reported diagnosed COPD was estimated using discrete-time survival models, using a general linear modeling (GLM) approach with a binomial distribution and a complementary log-log link function.ResultsThe analytic sample consisted of 9,556 adults with a mean (SD) age of 56 (10.4), who were predominately female (52.8%) and Non-Hispanic White (70.8%). A total of 906 respondents reported a diagnosis of COPD at follow-up. In the fully adjusted model, exclusive cigar use (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.57, 95% CI: 0.77, 3.21) was not associated with increased COPD risk compared to non-use, while exclusive cigarette use (aHR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.93) and dual cigar/cigarette use (aHR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.24, 2.85) were.ConclusionsExclusive cigarette use and dual cigar/cigarette use were associated with diagnosed incident COPD. These results suggest that cigars, when used in combination with cigarettes, may be associated with poorer COPD health outcomes. Dual use may promote a higher likelihood of inhaling cigar smoke, and future research would benefit from examining whether inhalation of cigar smoke increases COPD risk.

Dataset Information

A Longitudinal Study of the Association Between Persistent Pathogens and Incident Depression Among Older US Latinos.

Publications

A Longitudinal Study of the Association Between Persistent Pathogens and Incident Depression Among Older U.S. Latinos.

Similar Datasets

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