Risk Factors and Prevalence of Abdominal Obesity among Upper-Secondary Students.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Blaszczyk-Bebenek E
PROVIDER: S-EPMC6572187 | biostudies-other | 2019 May
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other
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Risk Factors and Prevalence of Abdominal Obesity among Upper-Secondary Students.
Błaszczyk-Bębenek Ewa E Piórecka Beata B Płonka Małgorzata M Chmiel Izabela I Jagielski Paweł P Tuleja Katarzyna K Schlegel-Zawadzka Małgorzata M
International journal of environmental research and public health 20190517 10
Inadequate eating habits, as well as a low level of physical activity, influence adipose tissue deposition. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of central obesity in upper-secondary students and to determine the factors related to its occurrence. The survey included 309 participants, aged 16 to 18 years from Krakow (Poland). Anthropometric measurements were taken during the periodic assessment of students' health status. An anonymous questionnaire was used to assess the nutritional ...[more]
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Project description:ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of overweight/obesity, abdominal obesity and obesity-related risk factors in southern China.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of 15,364 participants aged 15 years and older was conducted from November 2013 to August 2014 in Jiangxi Province, China, using questionnaire forms and physical measurements. The physical measurements included body height, weight, waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage (BFP) and visceral adipose index (VAI). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the risk factors for overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight was 25.8% (25.9% in males and 25.7% in females), while that of obesity was 7.9% (8.4% in males and 7.6% in females). The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 10.2% (8.6% in males and 11.3% in females). The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 37.1% in urban residents and 30.2% in rural residents, and this difference was significant (P < 0.001). Urban residents had a significantly higher prevalence of abdominal obesity than rural residents (11.6% vs 8.7%, P < 0.001). Among the participants with an underweight/normal body mass index (BMI), 1.3% still had abdominal obesity, 16.1% had a high BFP and 1.0% had a high VAI. Moreover, among obese participants, 9.7% had a low /normal WC, 0.8% had a normal BFP and 15.9% had a normal VAI. Meanwhile, the partial correlation analysis indicated that the correlation coefficients between VAI and BMI, VAI and WC, and BMI and WC were 0.700, 0.666, and 0.721, respectively. A multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that being female and having a high BFP and a high VAI were significantly associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity. In addition, living in an urban area and older age correlated with overweight/obesity.ConclusionThis study revealed that obesity and abdominal obesity, which differed by gender and age, are epidemic in southern China. Moreover, there was a very high, significant, positive correlation between WC, BMI and VAI. However, further studies are needed to explore which indicator of body fat could be used as the best marker to indirectly reflect cardiometabolic risk.
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Project description:The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity (AO), and obesity-related risk factors in children aged 5-6 years from Poland. The study was conducted at 22 randomly selected kindergartens representing each city district. A cross-sectional study of 1172 children aged 5-6 years was conducted using questionnaire forms and physical measurements. The physical measurements included body height, weight, waist circumference (WC), and body fat percentage (BFP). A univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to evaluate the risk factors for excess weight, excess adiposity, and abdominal obesity (AO). The prevalence of excess weight (BMI ≥ 85th percentile) was 11.0%. The prevalence of excess adiposity (BFP ≥ 85th percentile) was 42.3%. Prevalence of AO (WC ≥ 90th percentile) was higher in girls compared to boys (14.9% vs. 10.7%, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that children whose both parents were obese had significantly higher risk of excess weight, excess adiposity, and AO. Lower education level of fathers was associated with higher risk of excess weight and excess adiposity in children, while a lower level of maternal education was associated with higher risk of AO in children. Screen time over 120 min per day, participating less than once a week in at least 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and birth weight over 4000 g were associated with excess weight, excess adiposity and AO. Moreover, cesarean delivery was associated with higher risk of excess weight and excess adiposity, and lower socio-economic status with higher risk of AO. This study revealed that excess adiposity and AO differed by gender. Parental obesity, screen time, MVPA, and birth weight could be significant determinants of excess weight, excess adiposity and AO in Polish preschool children.
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Project description:BACKGROUND:Obesity is a major public health concern worldwide including Bangladesh. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of general and abdominal obesity in rural and urban women in Bangladesh. METHODS:A total of 450 adult women aged ? 18 years were recruited from rural (n = 210) and urban (n = 240) areas of four administrative regions (Chattagram, Dhaka and Rajshahi and Sylhet) of Bangladesh. Both socio-demographic and anthropometric data were recorded in this study. WHO proposed cut-off values were used for the Asian population for defining general and abdominal obesity. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was applied to evaluate the risk factors of general and abdominal obesity for Bangladeshi women. RESULTS:Overall, the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity was 28% and 49%, respectively. Urban women had a significantly higher prevalence of both general and abdominal obesity (30.9% and 58.6%, respectively) than in the rural women (26.6% and 38.1%, respectively) (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). As region comparison, the prevalence of general obesity was higher in the Dhaka region (39.3%) compared to the Chattragram (23.3%), Rajshahi (23.9%) and Sylhet (3.5%) regions. On the other hand, abdominal obesity was more frequent among participants in Sylhet (72.4%) and Dhaka regions (61.5%), compared to the Chattagram (27.4%) and Rajshahi (37.3%) regions. A wide variation has been observed on the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity in the different age groups of the four regions. In regression analysis, a high socioeconomic status (ref: low socioeconomic level), low education level (ref: higher education), low physical activity (ref: adequate physical activity) and middle age (ref: ? 30 years of age) were significant risk factors for general and abdominal obesity. CONCLUSIONS:The prevalence of general and abdominal obesity was higher among participants living in urban areas. Physical inactivity, middle age, high socioeconomic status and low education level were associated with the increased prevalence of general and abdominal obesity. Such a high prevalence of general and abdominal obesity is a health concern for Bangladeshi women; therefore, public awareness and effective health intervention strategies are needed to address these conditions.
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Project description:IntroductionThis study aimed to conduct a clinical review and analysis to recommend options for the prevention and treatment of postoperative hemorrhage.Patients and methodsA total of 138 patients who experienced postoperative hemorrhage after abdominal surgery in the period between January 2015 and December 2020 at the Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine, participated in this study. They were divided into a group with primary bleeding only and a secondary bleeding group. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed, followed by plotting of cumulative hazard and survival curves for the two groups.ResultsThe main factors of interest found to be associated with secondary hemorrhage were duration of the operation, the time of the first bleeding incident, intervention time, performance of combined organ resection, use of surgical intervention, occurrence of abdominal infection, admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), postoperative length of stay, and total hospitalization expenses. Among these, a long operative duration (>5 h) and an extended intervention time (>5 h) were identified as independent predictors of risk of secondary hemorrhage.ConclusionsSecondary hemorrhage after abdominal surgery is mainly associated with subjective human factors, and it is an important cause of poor prognosis and even death. Proper reductions in operation time and implementation of a quick response to bleeding are the key factors in tackling bleeding. Further reduction in the rates of postoperative hemorrhage and mortality will require a concerted effort by surgeons in terms of both intraoperative surgical techniques and postoperative management.
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Project description:Background:The prevalence of obesity has rapidly increased in countries across the world in recent decades. The 2019 Obesity Fact Sheet released by the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity addressed the prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity during the period of 2009 to 2018 and obesity-related social factors. Methods:Data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service health checkup database between 2009 and 2018 and the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2010 and 2017 were analyzed. The prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity was calculated after standardizing for age and sex based on the 2010 population and housing census. Results:From 2009 to 2018, the prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity increased to 35.7% and 23.8%, respectively, in 2018. Upward trends in the prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity was observed among both sexes and nearly all age groups. The prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity was higher among individuals with lower education and household income levels. Among occupations, managers exhibited the highest prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity. Further, the prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity became higher among individuals working longer hours and split and night shift workers. Conclusion:The 2019 Obesity Fact Sheet provides information on changes in obesity dynamics during the past decade and obesity-related social factors in the Korean adult population. This report might constitute a cornerstone by which to establish targets for future interventions for reversing the rise in the prevalence of obesity and reducing the burden of obesity in Korea.
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Project description:Objective: The increasing prevalence of obesity is having an impact on morbidity worldwide. Since young mature women are equally affected by the general increase in weight, the aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of obesity together with associated maternal risk factors, complications during pregnancy, and fetal outcomes in a local cohort for the years 2006 and 2011. Study Design: Maternal and fetal records of women who delivered at the University of Würzburg, with a 5-year interval (2006 and 2011) between investigations, were retrospectively analyzed. Descriptive statistics included prevalence of obesity, maternal weight gain, as well as several complications during pregnancy and fetal characteristics. The association between maternal or fetal complications and extent of maternal obesity was analyzed. Results: Our analysis included 2838 mothers with singleton pregnancies who delivered in 2006 (n = 1293) or 2011 (n = 1545) in our department. We found that neither pre-pregnancy body mass index (23.77 ± 4.85 vs. 24.09 ± 5.10 kg/m(2), p = 0.25) nor weight gain (14.41 ± 5.77 vs. 14.78 ± 5.65 kg; p = 0.09) increased significantly over time. But the majority of all overweight (71 %) or obese (60.4 %) mothers gained more weight than generally recommended. The prevalence of gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, and preeclampsia increased significantly and was associated with high pre-pregnancy body mass index, as was delivery by cesarean section. However, obesity was not associated with prolonged pregnancy and did not seem to negatively affect fetal outcome. Conclusion: There is a trend to increasing weight gain during pregnancy, and the majority of mothers, especially those with a high pre-pregnancy body mass index, exceeded the weight gain recommendations. Associated risk factors such as gestational diabetes, hypertension, and delivery by cesarean section are increasing.
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Project description:BackgroundBangladeshi university students are considered to be highly suicide-prone compared to other populations and cohorts. However, no prior epidemiological studies have assessed the suicidality (i.e., past-year suicidal ideation [SI], lifetime suicide plan [SP], and lifetime suicide attempt [SA]) among Bangladeshi students, including the variables such as past-year stressful life events and family mental health history. This is arguably a major knowledge gap in the country. Therefore, the present study investigated the prevalence and associated risk factors for suicidal behaviors among Bangladeshi university students.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing a convenience sampling method among a total of 1844 university students between October and November 2019. Data were collected based on the information related to socio-demographics, perceived health-related questions, past-year stressful life events, family mental health history, and suicidal behaviors (i.e., SI, SP, and SA). Chi-square tests and binary logistic regressions were used to analyze the data utilizing SPSS statistical software.ResultsThe prevalence of past-year suicidal ideation, lifetime suicide plans, and suicide attempts were 13.4%, 6.0%, and 4.4%, respectively. Females reported significantly higher suicidal behavior than males (i.e., 20.6% vs.10.2% SI; 9% vs. 4.6% SP; and 6.4% vs.3.6% SA). Risk factors for SI were being female, year of academic study, residing in an urban area, using psychoactive substances, experiencing both past year physical and mental illness, experiencing any type of stressful past-year life events, experiencing campus ragging (i.e., senior students abusing, humiliating and/or harassing freshers or more junior students), experiencing family mental illness history, and having family suicide attempt history. SP was associated with several factors including being female, year of academic study, using psychoactive substance, experiencing both past-year physical and mental illness, and experiencing any type of stressful past-year life events. Risk factors for SA were being female, year of academic study, using psychoactive substances, experiencing past-year mental illness, experiencing any type of stressful past-year life events, and having family suicide attempt history.ConclusionsUniversity students appear to be a vulnerable group for experiencing suicidal behaviors. The present findings warrant rigorous action and early intervention programs such as counseling and other mental health professional services by university authorities. Longitudinal studies are highly recommended involving countrywide representative samples.
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Project description:BackgroundAbdominal obesity increases the risk of cardio-metabolic diseases, disability, and poor quality of life, as well as health-care costs. It is a component of the metabolic syndrome, along with hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of abdominal obesity and associated risk factors among female civil servants in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in 2021.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study was undertaken from March31st to April 15th, 2021.A multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select 478 study participants. Data was entered into EpiData version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 21 for analysis. A descriptive data analysis was used to present the distribution of study variables. Bivariable and multivariable analyses were used to assess the relationship between independent variables and abdominal obesity at 95% CI. The level of statistical significance was declared at a p-value less than 0.05.ResultThe prevalence of abdominal obesity defined by waist circumference was found to be29.5% (95% CI: 25.39-33.6%) and 32.8% (95% CI: 28.57%-37.03%) by waist hip ratio, respectively. Age group 29-37 years [AOR= 2.451, 95% CI: (1.199-5.013)], age group 38-46 years [AOR=3.807, 95% CI: (1.328-10.914)], age group 47-55 years [AOR=6.489, 95% CI: (1.367-30.805)], being married [AOR= 4.762, 95% CI: (2.321-9.721)],consumption of meat >=5 per week[ AOR= 4.764, 95% CI: (1.939-11.711)], having lunch daily[AOR= 0.388, 95% CI:(0.166-0.910)] and snack consumption [AOR=4.163, 95% CI:(1.503-11.534)] were significantly associated with abdominal obesity.ConclusionThe prevalence of abdominal obesity as measured by waist circumference and waist hip ratio was found to be moderate and high, respectively. Age, being married, high consumption of meat, and having lunch daily were identified as associated with abdominal obesity. Healthy diet health education and nutrition intervention should be considered, with a focus on married, meat-consuming, and older age-group female civil servants.
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Project description:BackgroundSecondary polycythemia is associated with cigarette smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the prevalence of polycythemia in COPD and the contributing risk factors for polycythemia in COPD have not been extensively studied.MethodsWe analyzed the presence of secondary polycythemia in current and former smokers with moderate to very severe COPD at the five-year follow-up visit in the observational COPDGene study. We used logistic regression to evaluate the association of polycythemia with age, sex, race, altitude, current smoking status, spirometry, diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), quantitative chest CT measurements (including emphysema, airway wall thickness, and pulmonary artery to aorta diameter ratio), resting hypoxemia, exercise-induced hypoxemia, and long-term oxygen therapy.ResultsIn a total of 1928 COPDGene participants with moderate to very severe COPD, secondary polycythemia was found in 97 (9.2%) male and 31 (3.5%) female participants. In a multivariable logistic model, severe resting hypoxemia (OR 3.50, 95% CI 1.41-8.66), impaired DLCO (OR 1.28 for each 10-percent decrease in DLCO % predicted, CI 1.09-1.49), male sex (OR 3.60, CI 2.20-5.90), non-Hispanic white race (OR 3.33, CI 1.71-6.50), current smoking (OR 2.55, CI 1.49-4.38), and enrollment in the Denver clinical center (OR 4.42, CI 2.38-8.21) were associated with higher risk for polycythemia. In addition, continuous (OR 0.13, CI 0.05-0.35) and nocturnal (OR 0.46, CI 0.21-0.97) supplemental oxygen were associated with lower risk for polycythemia. Results were similar after excluding participants with anemia and participants enrolled at the Denver clinical center.ConclusionsIn a large cohort of individuals with moderate to very severe COPD, male sex, current smoking, enrollment at the Denver clinical center, impaired DLCO, and severe hypoxemia were associated with increased risk for secondary polycythemia. Continuous or nocturnal supplemental oxygen use were associated with decreased risk for polycythemia.
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Project description:BackgroundThe prevalence of abdominal obesity is increasing dramatically worldwide. This study aimed to estimate the current prevalence of abdominal obesity from the 2011 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) and compare the data with other countries.MethodsWaist circumference (WC) of 12,326 Chinese adults (aged 20 years or older) from the 2011 CHNS were analyzed by age group and region. Abdominal obesity was defined as a WC ≥90 cm for men and WC ≥80 cm for women based on World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for Asians.ResultsIn 2011, the age-adjusted mean WC was 85.9 cm (95% confidence interval [CI], 85.6-86.2 cm) for men and 80.7 cm (95% CI, 80.4-80.9 cm) for women. Based on the WHO recommendations, the age-adjusted prevalence of abdominal obesity was 44.0% (95% CI, 43.1%-44.8%) overall, 35.3% (95% CI, 34.1%-36.6%) in men, and 51.7% (95% CI, 50.5%-52.9%) in women. Moreover, the age-adjusted prevalence was 44.0% (95% CI, 42.7%-45.2%) in rural populations, 42.5% (95% CI, 40.7%-44.2%) in urban populations, and 45.2% (95% CI, 43.5%-46.9%) in megacity populations. The prevalence in China (35.3% for men and 51.7% for women) was lower than in Japan (50.8% for men) and the United States (43.5% for men and 64.7% for women). Similar results were observed when applying the criteria suggested by the Working Group on Obesity in China.ConclusionsIn 2011, the age-adjusted prevalence of abdominal obesity in China was 35.3% in men and 51.7% in women.
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