Dataset Information

Discerning the functional networks behind processing of music and speech through human vocalizations.

ABSTRACT: A fundamental question regarding music processing is its degree of independence from speech processing, in terms of their underlying neuroanatomy and influence of cognitive traits and abilities. Although a straight answer to that question is still lacking, a large number of studies have described where in the brain and in which contexts (tasks, stimuli, populations) this independence is, or is not, observed. We examined the independence between music and speech processing using functional magnetic resonance imagining and a stimulation paradigm with different human vocal sounds produced by the same voice. The stimuli were grouped as Speech (spoken sentences), Hum (hummed melodies), and Song (sung sentences); the sentences used in Speech and Song categories were the same, as well as the melodies used in the two musical categories. Each category had a scrambled counterpart which allowed us to render speech and melody unintelligible, while preserving global amplitude and frequency characteristics. Finally, we included a group of musicians to evaluate the influence of musical expertise. Similar global patterns of cortical activity were related to all sound categories compared to baseline, but important differences were evident. Regions more sensitive to musical sounds were located bilaterally in the anterior and posterior superior temporal gyrus (planum polare and temporale), the right supplementary and premotor areas, and the inferior frontal gyrus. However, only temporal areas and supplementary motor cortex remained music-selective after subtracting brain activity related to the scrambled stimuli. Speech-selective regions mainly affected by intelligibility of the stimuli were observed on the left pars opecularis and the anterior portion of the medial temporal gyrus. We did not find differences between musicians and non-musicians Our results confirmed music-selective cortical regions in associative cortices, independent of previous musical training.

SUBMITTER: Angulo-Perkins A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC6786620 | biostudies-other | 2019

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other

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Discerning the functional networks behind processing of music and speech through human vocalizations.

Angulo-Perkins Arafat A Concha Luis L

PloS one 20191010 10

A fundamental question regarding music processing is its degree of independence from speech processing, in terms of their underlying neuroanatomy and influence of cognitive traits and abilities. Although a straight answer to that question is still lacking, a large number of studies have described where in the brain and in which contexts (tasks, stimuli, populations) this independence is, or is not, observed. We examined the independence between music and speech processing using functional magnet ...[more]

PMID: 31600231

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Project description:Healthy aging leads to complex changes in the functional network of speech processing in a noisy environment. The dual-route neural architecture has been applied to the study of speech processing. Although evidence suggests that senescent increases activity in the brain regions across the dorsal and ventral stream regions to offset reduced periphery, the regulatory mechanism of dual-route functional networks underlying such compensation remains largely unknown. Here, by utilizing functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), we investigated the compensatory mechanism of the dual-route functional connectivity, and its relationship with healthy aging by using a speech perception task at varying signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) in healthy individuals (young adults, middle-aged adults, and older adults). Results showed that the speech perception scores showed a significant age-related decrease with the reduction of the SNR. The analysis results of dual-route speech processing networks showed that the functional connection of Wernicke's area and homolog Wernicke's area were age-related increases. Further to clarify the age-related characteristics of the dual-route speech processing networks, graph-theoretical network analysis revealed an age-related increase in the efficiency of the networks, and the age-related differences in nodal characteristics were found both in Wernicke's area and homolog Wernicke's area under noise environment. Thus, Wernicke's area might be a key network hub to maintain efficient information transfer across the speech process network with healthy aging. Moreover, older adults would recruit more resources from the homologous Wernicke's area in a noisy environment. The recruitment of the homolog of Wernicke's area might provide a means of compensation for older adults for decoding speech in an adverse listening environment. Together, our results characterized dual-route speech processing networks at varying noise environments and provided new insight for the compensatory theories of how aging modulates the dual-route speech processing functional networks.

Dataset Information

Discerning the functional networks behind processing of music and speech through human vocalizations.

Publications

Discerning the functional networks behind processing of music and speech through human vocalizations.

Similar Datasets

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