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Non-invasive markers for colorectal cancer screening.

ABSTRACT: Interventions: Collection of blood and fecal samples (once). Non-invasive markers for colorectal neoplasia will be determined in blood, feces and tissue. All combinations of markers will be tested in order to optimize the diagnostic accuracy for colorectal neoplasia, considering the outcome of colonoscopy as the gold standard. In addition the results of the non-invasive markers in patients at high-risk will be compared with the results of an average-risk population, in order to identify risk factors. Primary outcome(s): Diagnostic accuracy of molecular and protein markers in screening for colorectal neoplasia in subjects at high-risk for CRC and CRC patients, in comparison with average-risk subjects. Study Design: Non-randomized controlled trial, Open (masking not used), N/A , unknown, Parallel

DISEASE(S): Colorectal Cancer, Colorectal Neoplasia, Colorectal Neoplasms, High Risk Population, Family History

PROVIDER: 15742 | ecrin-mdr-crc |

REPOSITORIES: ECRIN MDR

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Project description:Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a devastating opportunistic infection and its treatment constitutes a considerable burden for the health care system. Immunocompromised patients are at an increased risk for IA, which is mainly caused by the species Aspergillus fumigatus. An early and reliable diagnosis is required to initiate the appropriate antifungal therapy. However, diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy still needs to be improved, which can be achieved at least partly by the definition of new biomarkers. Besides the direct detection of the pathogen by the current diagnostic methods, the analysis of the host response is a promising strategy towards this aim. Following this approach, we sought to identify new biomarkers for IA. For this purpose, we analyzed gene expression profiles of haematological patients and compared profiles of patients suffering from IA with non-IA patients. Based on microarray data, we applied a comprehensive feature selection using a random forest classifier. We identified the transcript coding for the S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) as a potential new biomarker for the diagnosis of IA. Considering the expression of this gene, we were able to classify samples from patients with IA with 82.3% sensitivity and 74.6% specificity. Moreover, we validated the expression of S100B in a real-time RT-PCR assay and we also found a down-regulation of S100B in A.Â fumigatus stimulated DCs. An influence on the IL1B and CXCL1 downstream levels was demonstrated by this S100B knockdown. In conclusion, this study covers an effective feature selection revealing a key regulator of the human immune response during IA. S100B may represent an additional diagnostic marker that in combination with the established techniques may improve the accuracy of IA diagnosis. The gene expression data of patients with invasive aspergillosis (IA) was compared to patients without IA. 23 samples of 8 IA patients, 13 samples from 7 unclassified patients and 1 patient with possible invasive fungal disease (IFD), and 9 control samples from 8 healthy donors were generated. Patients were classified according to the current EORTC/MSG criteria.

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Non-invasive markers for colorectal cancer screening.

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