Feeding strategy during mucositis
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
DISEASE(S): Children- Cancer- Mucositis- Nutrition
PROVIDER: 19118 | ecrin-mdr-crc |
REPOSITORIES: ECRIN MDR
Similar Datasets
Project description:Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes exhibit an endophilic, nocturnal blood feeding behavior. Despite the importance of light as a regulator of malaria transmission, our knowledge on the molecular interactions between environmental cues, the circadian oscillators and the host seeking and feeding systems of the Anopheles mosquitoes is limited. In the present study, we show that the blood feeding behavior of mosquitoes is under circadian control and can be modulated by light pulses, both in a clock dependent and in an independent manner. Short light pulses (~2-5 min) in the dark phase can inhibit the blood-feeding propensity of mosquitoes momentarily in a clock independent manner, while longer durations of light stimulation (~1-2 h) can induce a phase advance in blood-feeding propensity in a clock dependent manner. The temporary feeding inhibition after short light pulses may reflect a masking effect of light, an unknown mechanism which is known to superimpose on the true circadian regulation. Nonetheless, the shorter light pulses resulted in the differential regulation of a variety of genes including those implicated in the circadian control, suggesting that light induced masking effects also involve clock components. Light pulses (both short and longer) also regulated genes implicated in feeding as well as different physiological processes like metabolism, transport, immunity and protease digestions. RNAi-mediated gene silencing assays of the light pulse regulated circadian factors timeless, cryptochrome and three takeout homologues significantly up-regulated the mosquito's blood-feeding propensity. In contrast, gene silencing of light pulse regulated olfactory factors down-regulated the mosquito's propensity to Our study suggests that the mosquito’s feeding behavior is under circadian control. Long and short light pulses can induce inhibition of blood-feeding through circadian and unknown mechanisms, respectively, that involve chemosensory factors.
2008-11-13 | GSE13560 | GEO
Project description:Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes exhibit an endophilic, nocturnal blood feeding behavior. Despite the importance of light as a regulator of malaria transmission, our knowledge on the molecular interactions between environmental cues, the circadian oscillators and the host seeking and feeding systems of the Anopheles mosquitoes is limited. In the present study, we show that the blood feeding behavior of mosquitoes is under circadian control and can be modulated by light pulses, both in a clock dependent and in an independent manner. Short light pulses (~2-5 min) in the dark phase can inhibit the blood-feeding propensity of mosquitoes momentarily in a clock independent manner, while longer durations of light stimulation (~1-2 h) can induce a phase advance in blood-feeding propensity in a clock dependent manner. The temporary feeding inhibition after short light pulses may reflect a masking effect of light, an unknown mechanism which is known to superimpose on the true circadian regulation. Nonetheless, the shorter light pulses resulted in the differential regulation of a variety of genes including those implicated in the circadian control, suggesting that light induced masking effects also involve clock components. Light pulses (both short and longer) also regulated genes implicated in feeding as well as different physiological processes like metabolism, transport, immunity and protease digestions. RNAi-mediated gene silencing assays of the light pulse regulated circadian factors timeless, cryptochrome and three takeout homologues significantly up-regulated the mosquito's blood-feeding propensity. In contrast, gene silencing of light pulse regulated olfactory factors down-regulated the mosquito's propensity to Our study suggests that the mosquitoâs feeding behavior is under circadian control. Long and short light pulses can induce inhibition of blood-feeding through circadian and unknown mechanisms, respectively, that involve chemosensory factors. A series of assays were performed to assess transcriptomic changes in mosquitoes upon light stimulation and blood feeding in order to assess relationships between photic stimulation and modulation of feeding behavior.
2010-06-24 | E-GEOD-13560 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:After surgery for oesophageal (gullet) or gastric (stomach) cancer, patients are routinely fed by means of a small feeding tube into the intestine (jejunostomy, JEJ) while they are in hospital. Current practice is to stop feeding once the patient leaves hospital, although the tube is left in place for the first 6 weeks. Most patients lose weight after surgery and have to learn to adjust to new eating habits and behaviours. A few patients have the JEJ feed restarted because of nutritional problems and this requires a further inpatient stay.
It is unknown whether every patient would benefit from this type of feeding at home. Previous studies have only assessed the value of JEJ feeding while patients are still in hospital. There is little known about the benefit of continuing JEJ feeding after discharge from hospital, although home feeding is not uncommon in other patient groups (eg. after a stroke).
The proposed study will provide initial information on patients’ well being by measuring quality of life and factors such as change in body weight and dietary intake following a period of home JEJ feeding after surgery. Subjects recruited into the study will be placed, randomly, into a control group who receive current nutritional care (based on dietary advice and oral nutritional supplement drinks) or an intervention group who will receive home JEJ feeding for 6 weeks after hospital discharge, in addition to current treatment.
If subjects in the control group are experiencing problems eating at home, home feeding through the JEJ tube will be started as needed.
The study will also examine how surgery and JEJ feeding at home impact on the patient and carer(s) by means of questionnaires and interviews conducted in the patients’ home.
Information obtained will assist in the design of a multicentre study. This intervention is considered important because it has the potential to benefit thousands of patients each year at a modest cost.
| 2146124 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:Intervention participants will receive enteral feeding post-operatively via a nasojejunal gastric decompression tube placed intra-operatively. This tube will allow for simultaneous enteral feeding into the jejunum and gastric drainage. It is standard practice for all patients to receive a nasogastric tube during surgery which is usually used for gastric drainage only. Feeds will commence via the nasojejunal feeding port within 24hours of surgery using a standard polymeric enteral feed which is already used frequently throughout the hospital. Enteral feeds will run at 20mL/hr (equivalent to one tablespoon every hour) over 24 hours until post-operative day 3, after which the feed rate will be reviewed for increase. Nasogastric decompression will be managed as per the surgeon/intensive care unit (ICU) policy. If the participant has tolerated the feeds, the rate will be increased to 40ml/hour on post-operative day 3, 60ml/hour on post-operative day 5 and goal rate on post-operative day 7. Compliance to the intervention will be assessed and monitored through the audit of medical notes and standard observation charts. Parameters for feeding tolerance will be assessed using gastrointestinal and biochemical indicators including abdominal distension, vomiting, bloating, abdominal pain, nausea, C-Reactive protein, white blood cells, lactate and vital signs in discussion with the surgical and ICU team. Participants will also commence parenteral nutrition (PN) (current standard practice) at the same time the enteral nutrition starts. The combination of PN and enteral nutrition will meet the participant’s nutritional requirements as determined by the dietitian. PN rates will be increased operatively as per standard practice and then decreased if the rate of enteral feeding is increa
Primary outcome(s): Feasibility of nasojejunal feeding post CRS and HIPEC. Feasibility will be defined as the ability to deliver at least 60ml/hour of enteral feeds via the NJ tube by post-operative day 6. This will be assessed using the medical record and fluid balance charts.
[Post-operative day 6.];Complications of the nasojejunal-gastric decompression tube. This outcome will be assessed using the medical records.[End of intervention]
Study Design: Purpose: Prevention; Allocation: Non-randomised trial; Masking: Open (masking not used);Assignment: Other;Type of endpoint: Efficacy
| 2473150 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:In obesity, misalignment of feeding time with the light/dark environment results in disruption of peripheral circadian clocks. Conversely, restricting feeding to the active period mitigates metabolic syndrome through mechanisms that remain unknown. Here we show that adipocyte thermogenesis is essential for the healthful metabolic response to time restricted feeding. Genetic enhancement of adipocyte thermogenesis through ablation of Zfp423 attenuates obesity caused by circadian mistimed high fat diet feeding through a mechanism involving creatine metabolism. Circadian control of adipocyte creatine metabolism underlies timing of diet-induced thermogenesis, and enhancement of adipocyte circadian rhythms through overexpression of the clock activator Bmal1 ameliorates metabolic complications during diet induced obesity. These findings establish creatine mediated diet-induced thermogenesis as a bioenergetic mechanism driving metabolic benefits during time-restricted feeding.
2022-10-24 | GSE181443 | GEO
Project description:The aim of this study is to identify Arabidopsis genes whose expression is altered by aphid feeding. An understanding of the plant aphid interaction at the level of the plant transcriptome will 1) consolidate current areas of investigation focused on the phloem composition (the aphid diet), 2) open up areas of plant aphid interactions for ourselves and other workers, 3) Contribute to understanding the use of new molecular technologies in an environmental context and 4) contribute to existing and development of novel control strategies.Our Arabidopsis/Myzus persicae system provides a valuable model for the study because of: a) the advantages of using Arabidopsis, b) The ability to use clonal insects, c) phloem feeding aphids facilitate focus on a specific cell type, d) aphid stylectomy allows collection of pure phloem sap to monitor Âphloem phenotype of the plant and the insect diet, e) we have techniques to monitor the reproductive performance and feeding behaviour aphids.Our strategy has been to test the function of selected genes, particularly those regulating phloem composition (the feeding site of the aphid) based on current phloem models of phloem function. Gene choice is limited the simplicity of current models of phloem aphid interaction.We propose a simple two treatment (aphid infested vs control plants) experiment that will identify novel target genes for future analysis. Arabidopsis plants (variety Columbia) will be grown in 16/8 light/dark in temperature controlled growth rooms. At growth stage 3.90, when rosette growth is complete, 10 clonal adult Myzus persicae will be caged in clip cages on the two largest leaves on each plant. Control plants will be treated identically except that the cages will be empty. Leaves will be harvested 8 h after infestation. This time point is selected as we know that 90% of aphids are plugged into the sieve element within 2h and that a 6h lag phase has period has previously been used when examining gene expression affected by wounding. In subsequent experiments we will examine time courses of expression of relevant genes using other approaches. Pooling two leaves from each of ten plants will generate the RNA sample, ensuring that expression signals are representative of the population of plants. Experimenter name: Jeremy Pritchard; Experimenter phone: 0121 414 5570; Experimenter fax: 0121 414 5925; Experimenter institute: University of Birmingham; Experimenter address: School of Biosciences; Experimenter address: University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands; Experimenter zip/postal_code: B30 2EN; Experimenter country: UK Experiment Overall Design: 6 samples were used in this experiment
2008-06-15 | E-GEOD-6823 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Intervention1: laparoscopic feeding jejunostomy: The patient will be placed in supine position. Pneumoperitoneum will be achieved using open technique with 10 mm umbilical port. Diagnostic laparosco-py will be performed to confirm the stage of the cancer. Two 5 mm working ports will be put one in right hypochondriac and other in the left lumbar region. Duo-deno-jejunal flexure will be identified and the loop of the jejunum 30cm distal to it will be selected. The loop will be anchored to the anterior abdominal wall at the proposed site of jejunostomy i.e. left hypochondrium using two intracorporeal sutures. A purse-string suture will be taken around the site of enterotomy. A 12F Ryles tube will be inserted transcutaneously with the help of 5mm trocar and will be inserted into the lumen of the jejunum by performing the enterotomy within the purse-string suture. The tube will be fixed externally to the skin, and purse-string suture will be tied. The jejunostomy site will be secured to the anterior ab-dominal wall using intracorporeal sutures. Further two parietal anchoring sutures will be applied to efferent loop of the jejunum 5cm distal to the jejunostomy site to prevent the volvulus. The patency of the tube will be checked by confirming the free flow of the Normal saline through tube. The port sites will be closed. Sterile dressing will be applied. The patients shall be followed up for 30 days.
Control Intervention1: open feeding jejunostomy: abdomen will be opened via 5-6 cm supra umbilical midline vertical incision. The abdominal cavity will be inspected to confirm the stage of the cancer. Duo-deno-jejunal flexure will be identified and the loop of the jejunum 30cm distal to it will be selected. The loop will be anchored to the anterior abdominal wall at the proposed
Primary outcome(s): To assess and compare the incidence of jejunostomy-associated early major complications (Clavien Dindo score ï?³ 3) of the laparoscopic and conventional open feeding jejunostomy in patients with obstructive upper alimentary tract malignancies.Timepoint: 30 days
Study Design: Randomized, Parallel Group Trial Method of generating randomization sequence:Permuted block randomization, fixed Method of allocation concealment:Sequentially numbered, sealed, opaque envelopes Blinding and masking:Open Label
| 2722793 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:In animals, the brain regulates feeding behavior in response to local energy demands of peripheral tissues, which secrete orexigenic and anorexigenic hormones. Although skeletal muscle is a key peripheral tissue, it remains unknown whether muscle-secreted hormones regulate feeding. In Drosophila , we find that decapentaplegic (dpp), the homolog of human bone morphogenetic proteins BMP2 and BMP4, is a muscle-secreted factor (a myokine) that is induced by nutrient sensing and that circulates and signals to the brain. Muscle-restricted dpp RNAi promotes foraging and feeding initiation whereas dpp overexpression reduces it. This regulation of feeding by muscle-derived Dpp stems from modulation of brain tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression and dopamine biosynthesis. Consistently, Dpp receptor signaling in dopaminergic neurons regulates TH expression and feeding initiation via the downstream transcriptional repressor Schnurri. Moreover, pharmacologic modulation of TH activity rescues the changes in feeding initiation due to modulation of dpp expression in muscle. These findings indicate that muscle-to-brain endocrine signaling mediated by the myokine Dpp regulates feeding behavior.
2019-11-15 | GSE140391 | GEO