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Energy Balance Interventions for Colorectal Cancer Prevention

ABSTRACT: RATIONALE: Calories and physical exercise may affect the risk of developing cancer. It is not yet known whether a low-calorie diet and/or physical activity program is effective in preventing cancer in participants at increased risk of developing colorectal cancer. PURPOSE: This randomized clinical trial is studying diet and physical activity in healthy overweight, obese, or inactive participants at risk of developing colorectal cancer.

DISEASE(S): Obesity,Colon Cancer,Colorectal Cancer,Colorectal Neoplasms

PROVIDER: 2053525 | ecrin-mdr-crc |

REPOSITORIES: ECRIN MDR

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Human adipose tissue profiled before and after 16 weeks of intense exercise training with a modest energy deficit

Project description:The "IDEAL" trial - 3 groups of diet (1, 2, and 3) at two time points (Pre- and Post-diet). 3 diets differed in the amount and type of protein consumed. Diet 1: adequate protein, low dairy (APLD: 15% daily calories from protein, 0-1 servings of dairy); diet 2: adequate protein, moderate dairy (APMD: 15% daily calories from protein, 3-4 servings/d); diet 3: high protein, high dairy (HPHD: 30% daily calories from protein, 6-7 servings of dairy).

2016-08-05 | GSE58559 | GEO

Human adipose tissue profiled before and after 16 weeks of intense exercise training with a modest energy deficit

Project description:3 groups of diet (1, 2, and 3) at two time points (Pre- and Post-diet). 3 diets differed in the amount and type of protein consumed. Diet 1: adequate protein, low dairy (APLD: 15% daily calories from protein, 0-1 servings of dairy); diet 2: adequate protein, moderate dairy (APMD: 15% daily calories from protein, 3-4 servings/d); diet 3: high protein, high dairy (HPHD: 30% daily calories from protein, 6-7 servings of dairy). Randomized controlled trial, repeated measures design, all groups exercised, main difference was nutrition.

2016-08-05 | E-GEOD-58559 | biostudies-arrayexpress

S1008: Exercise, Diet, & Counseling in Improving Weight Loss in Overweight Female Breast or Colorectal Cancer Survivors

Project description:RATIONALE: Physical activity, diet, and counseling may help breast and colorectal cancer survivors to lose weight and improve their quality of life. PURPOSE: This phase II trial studies how well exercise, diet, and counseling work in improving physical activity and weight loss in overweight women who are breast and colorectal cancer survivors.

| 2114276 | ecrin-mdr-crc

Microarray analysis of subcutaneous adipose tissue obtained in 27 moderate obese women

Project description:The mechanisms responsible for weight loss-induced improvement in insulin sensitivity are partially understood. Greater insight can now be achieved through deep phenotyping and data integration. Here, we used an integrative approach to investigate associations between changes in insulin sensitivity and variations in lifestyle factors (diet and physical activity), subcutaneous adipose tissue (sAT) gene expression, metabolomics in serum, urine and feces, and gut microbiota composition after a 6-week calorie restriction period in overweight and obese adults

2018-03-27 | GSE112307 | GEO

Energy Balance Interventions in Increasing Physical Activity in Breast Cancer Gene Positive Patients, Lynch Syndrome-Positive Patients, CLL Survivors or High-Risk Family Members

Project description:This pilot clinical trial studies different types of energy balance interventions to see how well they work in increasing the physical activity levels of breast cancer gene-positive patients, Lynch syndrome-positive patients, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) survivors or family members of cancer survivors who are at high risk for cancer. Increasing exercise and eating healthy foods may help reduce the risk of cancer. Studying how well different types of interventions work in motivating cancer survivors or high-risk family members to increase exercise and healthy food choices may help doctors plan the most effective motivational program for cancer prevention.

| 2170883 | ecrin-mdr-crc

Effects of calorie restriction and exercise on mammary gland gene expression in C57BL/6 mice

Project description:We performed a factorial experiment examining the effects of calorie restriction (CR) and exercise (EX) in mice. CR mice received 70% of calories but 100% of all other nutrients compared to AL mice. Food consumption, weight gain, and physical activity levels were recorded for 6 weeks. Diet and exercise treatments, both alone and in combination, had significant effects on body composition and levels of physical activity. Affymetrix oligo microarrays were used to determine global gene expression patterns in mammary gland total RNA. CR and EX had some overlapping but primarily unique effects on mammary gene expression, with CR affecting a much larger number of genes. The gene changes presented suggest that CR and EX influence mammary gland development and potentially carcinogenesis through distinct pathways. Keywords: 2 X 2 factorial mouse experiment; ad lib; calorie restriction; exercise; exercise + calorie restriction. Endpoints: body composition; bone density; gene expression in mammary gland

2008-12-24 | GSE14202 | GEO

A saturated fatty acid rich diet can induce an 'obese-like' gene expression profile in adipose tissue

Project description:We investigated the effect of a saturated (SFA) and a monounsaturated (MUFA) rich diet on insulin sensitivity and adipose tissue gene expression profiles of subjects at risk for metabolic syndrome. A controlled-feeding trial was performed with 20 moderately overweight subjects. Subjects received a SFA-rich or a MUFA-rich diet for 8 weeks. Subcutaneous adipose tissue samples were obtained and insulin sensitivity was measured. Whole genome micro-array analysis was performed on the adipose tissue samples. Consumption of a SFA-rich diet resulted in a pro-inflammatory 'obese-like' gene expression profile while consumption of a MUFA-rich diet caused a more anti-inflammatory profile. This suggests that replacement of dietary SFA by MUFA could prevent adipose tissue inflammation and may reduce the risk for inflammation related diseases such as the metabolic syndrome. In a parallel controlled feeding trial, subcutaneous adipose tissue samples were collected from moderately overweight human subjects at baseline and after 8 weeks consumption of either SFA-rich or MUFA-rich diets. RNA was isolated from the samples using Trizol and the Qiagen RNeasy Micro kit (Qiagen, Venlo, the Netherlands). RNA was was labeled using a one-cycle cDNA labeling kit (MessageAmpTM II-Biotin Enhanced Kit, Ambion, Inc.) and hybridized to Affymetrix NuGO_Hs1a52018 arrays.

2010-02-13 | E-GEOD-14954 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Skeletal muscle gene expression in twin-pairs discordant for their physical activity for over 30 years

Project description:The high physical activity/high aerobic fitness phenotype predicts low morbidity and mortality more strongly than any other known biological risk factor. Inherited and/or acquired properties of skeletal muscle seem to be linked with aerobic fitness and other cardio-metabolic risk factors3. However, physical activity-induced changes in muscle and fat tissue-related complex molecular networks and their links with cardio-metabolic disease risk are not comprehensively understood. Here we show that among the physically active members of twin pairs, as compared to their inactive co-twins, gene expression in musculus vastus lateralis tissue samples is chronically up-regulated for the central pathways or genes related to energy metabolism, including oxidative phosphorylation, lipid metabolism and supportive metabolic pathways. In addition to aerobic fitness, upregulation of these pathways is associated in particular with high HDL cholesterol levels. In fat tissue we found physical activity-induced increases in polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism and in branched chain amino acid degradation, which increases were associated with decreased ‘high-risk’ ectopic body fat and low glucose levels. Consistent with other findings plasma lipidomics analyses showed up-regulation of the triacylglycerols containing the polyunsaturated fatty acids. The findings indicate the main pathways in skeletal muscle and fat tissue that mediate the chronic effects of physical activity on reduced cardio-metabolic disease risk, including the increase in aerobic fitness. Up-regulation of oxidative energy metabolism seems to be a common underlying mechanism.

2010-07-31 | GSE20319 | GEO

Genome-wide analysis of adipose tissue gene expression in twin-pairs discordant for physical activity for over 30 years

Project description:The high physical activity/high aerobic fitness phenotype predicts low morbidity and mortality more strongly than any other known biological risk factor. Inherited and/or acquired properties of skeletal muscle seem to be linked with aerobic fitness and other cardio-metabolic risk factors. However, physical activity-induced changes in muscle and fat tissue-related complex molecular networks and their links with cardio-metabolic disease risk are not comprehensively understood. In the present study, we show that among the physically active members of twin pairs, as compared to their inactive co-twins, gene expression in musculus vastus lateralis tissue samples is chronically up-regulated for the central pathways or genes related to energy metabolism, including oxidative phosphorylation, lipid metabolism and supportive metabolic pathways. In addition to aerobic fitness, upregulation of these pathways is associated in particular with high HDL cholesterol levels. In fat tissue we found physical activity-induced increases in the expression of polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism and in branched chain amino acid degradation genes, increases which were associated with decreased ‘high-risk’ ectopic body fat and low glucose levels. Consistent with other findings, plasma lipidomics analyses showed up-regulation of the triacylglycerols containing the polyunsaturated fatty acids. The findings indicate the main pathways in skeletal muscle and fat tissue that mediate the chronic effects of physical activity on reduced cardio-metabolic disease risk, including the increase in aerobic fitness. Up-regulation of oxidative energy metabolism seems to be a common underlying mechanism.

2010-07-31 | GSE20536 | GEO

The Creb1 coactivator Crtc1 is required for energy balance and fertility

Project description:The adipocyte-derived hormone leptin maintains energy balance by acting on hypothalamic leptin receptors (Leprs) that trigger the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3). Although disruption of Lepr-Stat3 signaling promotes obesity in mice, other features of Lepr function, such as fertility, seem normal, pointing to the involvement of additional regulators. Here we show that the cyclic AMP responsive element–binding protein-1 (Creb1)-regulated transcription coactivator-1 (Crtc1) is required for energy balance and reproduction—Crtc1-/- mice are hyperphagic, obese and infertile. Hypothalamic Crtc1 was phosphorylated and inactive in leptin-deficient ob/ob mice; leptin administration increased amounts of dephosphorylated nuclear Crtc1. Dephosphorylated Crtc1 stimulated expression of the Cartpt and Kiss1 genes, which encode hypothalamic neuropeptides that mediate leptin’s effects on satiety and fertility. Crtc1 overexpression in hypothalamic cells increased Cartpt and Kiss1 gene expression, whereas Crtc1 depletion decreased it. Indeed, leptin enhanced Crtc1 activity over the Cartpt and Kiss1 promoters in cells overexpressing Lepr and these effects were disrupted by expression of a dominant-negative Creb1 polypeptide. As leptin administration increased recruitment of hypothalamic Crtc1 to Cartpt and Kiss1 promoters, our results indicate that the Creb1-Crtc1 pathway mediates the central effects of hormones and nutrients on energy balance and fertility.

2008-09-04 | GSE12209 | GEO

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