Adherence and the Economics of Colon Cancer Screening
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
DISEASE(S): Colorectal Neoplasms,Colorectal Cancer Screening
PROVIDER: 2057494 | ecrin-mdr-crc |
REPOSITORIES: ECRIN MDR
Similar Datasets
Project description:Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening has been demonstrated to reduce long term disease burden and costs. Unfortunately, less than 65 % of age-eligible persons in the US are actually screened for CRC. The leading methods, colonoscopy and FIT (fecal immunochemical test) testing, both have patient-associated barriers that reduce their use. The combination of bowel preparation and procedure time are barriers to colonoscopy, while stool handling as part of the sampling protocol reduces FIT usage.
It has been hypothesized and supported by a variety of preference studies that the availability of a blood-based assay for CRC screening would increase patient participation and adherence to CRC screening by reducing barriers that prevent participation.
This study is designed to investigate the relative participation in CRC screening in average risk, screening eligible patients with demonstrated non-adherence to guideline-recommended screening modalities. Participation with the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and the blood-based Epi proColon test will be examined. Screening eligible average-risk patients identified as non-adherent by medical record will be eligible for the study. Potential subjects will be recruited to participate in a study via mailing and/or at a clinic visit. All study subjects will be enrolled at a clinic visit and will be randomized in two study arms. Those assigned to Arm 1 will be offered a FIT test kit for home use. Those assigned to Arm 2 will be offered a blood draw for the Epi proColon test. Rates of adherence will be compared between those that accept and complete the blood test and those that accept and complete the FIT test. A passive control, usual care arm will comprise subjects meeting eligibility criteria, but not recruited for or participating in the study.
In conjunction with published data (Johnson et al, 2014), the relative utilization of the blood test will be compared to the screening participation via FIT. Increased participation with the Epi proColon blood test could increase screening rates in the non-adherent population. Additionally, for those testing positive in the trial, the rate of adherence to colonoscopy will be determined.
| 2175283 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:Food-borne illness arising for Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli is often linked to consumption of fruit and vegetables as the bacteria have the ability to interact with plants and use them as alternative or secondary hosts. Attachment of the bacteria to host tissue is one of the first steps in the interaction, and, as with mammalian hosts, has shown to be mediated by a combination of non-specific and specific adhesin-mediated interactions. We took a high-throughput positive-selection approach to investigate adherence mechanisms for E. coli O157:H7 isolate Sakai by inoculating a BAC clone library onto spinach, which was quantified by microarray hybridisation and gene loci enrichment measured using a Bayesian hierarchical model. The screen involved four successive rounds of adherence to spinach roots, resulting in 115 CDS credible candidates, covered by seven contiguous genomic regions. Two candidates regions selected for functional assessment included a chaperone-usher fimbrial gene cluster (loc6) and the type two secretion system (T2SS). The TS22 was found to significantly enhance binding to spinach roots and leaves, demonstrated with a BAC-T2SS clone and by mutagenesis of the secretin protein, EtpD. Both etpD and the inner membrane anchor protein gene etpC were expressed at 18 degree celsius, and expression of etpD was demonstrated for STEC (Sakai) resident in the apoplastic spaces in spinach leaf tissue. Together, these data indicate a novel function for STEC T2SS in adherence to plant tissue. Experiment 1: screening E coli O157:H7 Sakai genes for adherence to spinach roots. A BAC library of Sakai clones in an E coli DH10B background (which has poor root adherence) defined as the 'Input pool', was incubated with spinach roots for 4 rounds of enrichment, defined as the 'Output pool'. Control samples (defined as 'Input control' & 'Output control') were cultures of pV41 vector only. DNA extractions from test pools were labelled with Cy3 throughout. DH10B DNA was used for grid alignment and labelled with Cy5 throughout.
2019-11-20 | E-MTAB-5923 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Genomic analysis was performed to distinguish expression changes in murine medial edge epithelial cells during both palatal adherence and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT). Assessment of changes between sample 0 hours and sample 12 hours represent palatal adherence. Changes between sample 12 hours and sample 24 hours represent EMT. During adherence, we found that genes necessary for TGF-beta/LEF-1 signal transduction upregulate, as well as those necessary for cell adhesion. During EMT, we observed the loss of epithelial markers and upregulation of many genes necessary to promote the transition to mesenchyme and cell migration. Keywords = EMT Keywords = palate Keywords = LEF-1 Keywords = TGF-beta Keywords = craniofacial development Keywords: time-course
2005-07-18 | GSE2537 | GEO
Project description:There are ~1.4 million cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) annually worldwide. Due to recent implementation of bowel cancer screening (BCS), incidence of diagnosis with stage I (T1/2, N0, M0) CRC has increased nearly four-fold; from approximately 12% pre-screening to approximately 42-45%. While survival rates for patients diagnosed with stage I CRC remains above 95%, and identification of patients at this early stage provides the best opportunity to improve in cancer survival rates, recent data has provided quantitative evidence that metastatic seeding can occur from disseminated cells at the very earliest stage of CRC development. The aim of study was to give an insight into aggressive “born-to-be-bad” biology through generation and transcriptional profiling of a novel case-controlled retrospective T1 CRC discovery cohort. We performed transcriptional and histological profiling to identify molecular pathology features of the high-risk metastatic phenotypes, discriminating between relapse and non-relapse T1 lesions and found that a cohort of aggressive early disseminating stage 1 CRC is associated with high cell intrinsic TGFB signalling and not stromal signalling.
2021-11-30 | GSE162667 | GEO
Project description:We developed spotted oligonucleotide arrays of the S. pyogenes SF370 (an M1 serotype) genome and compared the transcriptomes of streptococci that adhere to Detroit 562 human pharyngeal cells to non-adherent (“associated”) streptococci within the same experiment. We replicated experiments independently and used dye-swaps to incorporate biological and technical variation, biological replicate experiments. Following filtering and normalization, we analyzed data from four biological replicates with robust summary statistics, Bayesian statistics and permutation algorithms to identify genes differentially expressed with significance during pharyngeal cell adherence. This analysis identified 79 genes (4% of the genome) exhibiting statistically significant fold changes in expression (PF value < 0.05) during adherence from 1769 open reading frames represented on the array. The genes encoding several known virulence factors (e.g. cysteine protease SpeB and streptolysin O) were differentially expressed with significance; however, many were either never before associated with adherence (e.g. phage-encoded genes including speH), or of undefined function. Genes demonstrating up-regulation (n= 45) and down-regulation (n= 34) included virulence factors, prophage-encoded transcripts, metabolic genes and transcriptional regulators (Table 2). Undefined or hypothetical genes comprised 27% of differentially expressed genes (n= 21; 11 chromosomally-encoded, 10 phage-encoded). We conducted TaqMan (qRT-PCR) analysis of 11 differentially expressed genes to validate selected microarray hybridization results. We further analyzed the data with neighbor clustering, using a set of novel computational algorithms (termed “GenomeCrawler”) for evaluating bacterial microarray data, which couples the expression profiles of genes with their physical location on the chromosome. When applied to the microarray data from this study, neighbor clustering identified a greater number of differentially expressed genes, which facilitated the reconstruction of known multimeric proteins, complete metabolic pathways and intact virulence loci that would not have been possible without its application. These data sets and algorithms are freely available for download at www.rockefeller.edu/vaf. Keywords: Pharyngeal cell adherent vs. associated
2007-04-27 | GSE7620 | GEO
Project description:MicroRNAs regulate the biological aggressiveness of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and might serve as potential prognostic factors and therapeutic targets. In this study, we therefore globally profiled microRNAs associated with aggressive growth in CRC cells, in an attempt to identify novel prognostic biomarkers in CRC patients. In detail, two different CRC cell lines (Caco-2 and HRT-18) with completely different growth rates and different E-cadherin expression were profiled for differences in more than 1000 human microRNAs by using microarray technology.
2014-01-13 | GSE53095 | GEO
Project description:The existing evidence from epidemiological studies and randomized controlled trials has consistently assures the cost effectiveness and the influential role of screening in reducing incidence rates and deaths caused by Colorectal Cancer (CRC). Population based organized screening programmes, which should be considered an obligation that is not to be postponed, require valuable information that can be reliably extrapolated from well-designed pilot study conducted prior to programme implementation.
The main objectives of the current pilot CRC screening project, named after "Al-Kindy College of Medicine", was to evaluate and explore the specific aspects of the intended population-based organized CRC screening programme, including: barriers affecting adherence to the programme, performance indicators of the proposed screening programme, the target population in which CRC screening is a legitimate healthcare priority, quality assurance of screening tests and colonoscopy services, and to propose an algorithm that will provide a clinically and logistically acceptable positivity rate.
| 2310767 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is a significant cause of acute and chronic diarrhea, foodborne outbreaks, infections of the immunocompromised, and growth stunting in children in developing nations. There is no vaccine and resistance to antibiotics is rising. Unlike related E. coli pathotypes that are often associated with acute bouts of infection, EAEC is associated with persistent diarrhea and subclinical long-term colonization. Several secreted virulence factors have been associated with EAEC pathogenesis and linked to disease in humans, less certain are the molecular drivers of adherence to the intestinal mucosa. We previously established human intestinal enteroids (HIEs) as a model system to study host-EAEC interactions and aggregative adherence fimbriae A (AafA) as a major driver of EAEC adherence to HIEs. Here, we report a large-scale assessment of the host response to EAEC adherence from all four segments of the intestine across at least three donor lines for five E. coli pathotypes.
2021-10-30 | GSE182426 | GEO
Project description:Genomic analysis was performed to distinguish expression changes in murine medial edge epithelial cells during both palatal adherence and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT). Assessment of changes between sample 0 hours and sample 12 hours represent palatal adherence. Changes between sample 12 hours and sample 24 hours represent EMT. During adherence, we found that genes necessary for TGF-beta/LEF-1 signal transduction upregulate, as well as those necessary for cell adhesion. During EMT, we observed the loss of epithelial markers and upregulation of many genes necessary to promote the transition to mesenchyme and cell migration.
2008-06-12 | E-GEOD-2537 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:MicroRNAs regulate the biological aggressiveness of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and might serve as potential prognostic factors and therapeutic targets. In this study, we therefore globally profiled microRNAs associated with aggressive growth in CRC cells, in an attempt to identify novel prognostic biomarkers in CRC patients. In detail, two different CRC cell lines (Caco-2 and HRT-18) with completely different growth rates and different E-cadherin expression were profiled for differences in more than 1000 human microRNAs by using microarray technology. Two-condition experiment, HRT-18 vs. Caco-2. Biological replicates: 3, independently grown and harvested. On each array, one BR of HRT-18 cells was directly compared to one BR of Caco-2 cells (serving as reference sample). All hybridizations were repeated with reversed dye assignment (dye-swap) as technical replicates.
2014-01-13 | E-GEOD-53095 | biostudies-arrayexpress