Hydroxychloroquine + Vorinostat in Advanced Solid Tumors
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
DISEASE(S): Solid Tumor,Malignant Solid Tumour,Neoplasms
PROVIDER: 2081555 | ecrin-mdr-crc |
REPOSITORIES: ECRIN MDR
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Project description:Importance: Autophagy has been identified as a resistance mechanism to BRAF and MEK inhibition in BRAF mutant melanoma. In the BAMM trial, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was used to inhibit autophagy in combination with dabrafenib and trametenib in BRAF mutant melanoma patients. Objective: To a) determine safety and maximal tolerated dose (MTD) of hydroxychloroquine when combined with dabrafenib and trametinib and b) determine antitumor activity of the combination. Design: Open label non-randomized phase I/II clinical trial Setting: Prospective therapeutic clinical trial conducted in 4 centers Participants: Unresectable Stage III or Stage IV BRAF mutant melanoma patients Intrevention: HCQ twice daily, dabrafenib 150 mg twice daily and trametinib 2 mg daily (D+T) Main Outcome: Primary outcomes were safety and 1-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate Results: Between December 2014 and January 2020, 50 patients were screened, 38 patients were enrolled and evaluable for toxicity and 34 patients were evaluable for 1-year PFS rate. Patient demographics were: 29% were ECOG PS 1, 47% had elevated LDH, 52% were Stage IV M1c or M1d and 53% had previously received therapy for advanced melanoma. In the phase I trial there was no dose limiting toxicity of HCQ at either 400 (n=3) or 600 (MTD) mg po bid combined with D+T. For the entire study population, the 1-year PFS rate was 41% (95% CI = ), median PFS was 11.9 months (95% CI = ), overall response rate (ORR) was 85% (95% exact CI=64-95%)and complete response rate of 41% (95% exact CI=25-59%). In a prespecificed subgroup analysis in 18 patients with elevated LDH, the ORR was 88% and median PFS was 8 months Conlusion and Relevance: The combination of HCQ, dabrafenib and trametinib was well tolerated and produced a high response rate but did not meet the prespecified criteria for success with respect to the 1-year PFS rate. In patients with elevated LDH , the response rate and PFS were encouraging. A randomized placebo controlled trial of dabrafenib and trametinib with/without HCQ in advanced BRAF mutant melanoma patients with elevated LDH and previously treated with immunotherapy is being conducted through the National Clinical Trial Network.
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Project description:Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is an autophagy inhibitor that has been used for the treatment of many diseases, such as malaria, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, cancer, and so on. Despite the therapeutic advances in these diseases, the underlying mechanisms have not been well determined and hinder the rational use of this drug in the future. Here, we explored the possible mechanisms and identified the potential binding targets of HCQ by performing quantitative proteomics and thermal proteome profiling on MIA PaCa-2 cells. This study revealed that HCQ may exert its functions by targeting or regulating the expression of some autophagy-related proteins, such as galectin-8 (LGALS8), mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (MAPK8), Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (NQO2), Transport protein Sec23A (SEC23A), and so on. Furthermore, HCQ may prevent the progression of pancreatic cancer by regulating the expression of Nesprin-2 (SYNE2), Protein-S-isoprenylcysteine O-methyltransferase (ICMT) and Cotranscriptional regulator FAM172A (FAM172A). Therefore, these findings not only identify potential binding targets for HCQ but also revealed the non-canonical mechanisms of HCQ that may contribute to pancreatic cancer treatment.
2022-10-13 | PXD034196 | Pride
Project description:Purpose: In order to explore the mechanism of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in treating vitiligo. We report the application of transcriptome profiling (RNA-seq) in human vitiligo melanocytes cell line PIG3V after HCQ treatment. Methods: The PIG3V cells were divided randomly in two groups: HCQ treatment (1 μg/mL, 24 hours) and the cells without treatment (only medium). RNA samples extracted from PIG3V cells were quantified by NanoDrop and Bioanalyzer. After 2 rounds of purification Poly A RNA was extracted then from total RNA by using Dynabeads Oligo. Small pieces of Poly A RNA were returned through Magnesium RNA Fragmentation Module under the condition of 94℃ for 5 minutes. Subsequently, SuperScript Reverse Transcriptase was used to reverse-transcribe the cleaved RNA pieces into cDNA. Then, U-labeled second-stranded DNAs was synthesized. After adding of A-base to each strand, preparing for indexed adapters, and heat-labile UDG enzyme treatment, PCR amplification was performed under (1) 95℃, 3 minutes; (2) 98℃, 15 seconds for 8 cycles; (3) 60℃, 15 seconds, 72℃, 5 minutes. Ultimately, RNA sequencing was performed according to protocol of Illumina Novaseq™ 6000 (LC-Bio Technology CO., Ltd., Hangzhou, China). After calculation, differential expressed genes were screened by fold change (FC)＞2 or FC＜0.5 and p value＜0.05. Results: Using an optimized data analysis workflow, we mapped about 30 million sequence reads per sample and identified 60612 genes and 229420 transcripts. Approximately 0.3% of the genes showed differential expression between the HCQ treated PIG3V cells and the cells without HCQ, with a fold change＞2 or＜0.5 , p value＜0.05. Conclusions: Our research showed the first detailed transcriptome analysis of human vitiligo melanocytes PIG3V, with or without HCQ treatment. We conclude that RNA-seq based transcriptome characterization would expedite genetic network analyses and permit the dissection of complex biologic mechanisms of HCQ in treating vitiligo.
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Project description:Purpose: To investigate the inhibition of inflammatoty cytokines of Hydroxychloroquine to phagocytic THP-1 cells. Methods: we established a cell model of hemophagocytosis by simulating THP-1 cells with CpG-c for 24h in vitro to produce macrophages, and then coculture the cells with human RBCs. RNA sequencing analysis of THP-1 cells were performed to find Gene changed with CpG-c stimulation and Hydroxychloroquine intervention. Results:CpG-c sitimulation significantly altered gene expression of THP-1 cells. Cytokine genes were upregulated, especially a significant increase in IL-6 level from scratch. HCQ significantly inhibited the expression of inflammatory cytokines and decreased IL-6 gene level to baseline. Conclusions:Hydroxychloroquine can inhibite cytokine genes, especially IL-6 Gene level of THP-1 cells caused by CpG-c sitimulation.
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Project description:The study objective was to propose molecular mechanisms of action of the histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat. In the PRAVO phase 1 study, patients that were scheduled to receive pelvic palliative radiation to 30 Gy in 3-Gy fractions for gastrointestinal carcinoma, were enrolled onto four sequential dose levels of vorinostat, starting at 100 mg daily with dose escalation in increments of 100 mg. Endpoints included treatment safety and tolerability, tumor response, and biological activity of vorinostat. For the purpose of identifying biomarkers of vorinostat action, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, representing normal tissue exposed to vorinostat, were used. The samples were collected, one at baseline and two on-treatment samples. The time points for sample collection were chosen based on our previous data from experimental colorectal carcinoma models exposed to vorinostat, demonstrating that the maximum tumor histone acetylation 2-3 hours after drug exposure was restored to baseline after 24 hours. In PRAVO study patients, tumor histone hyperacetylation was observed 3 hours after vorinostat administration. From the 17 patients enrolled onto the PRAVO study, a full set of three samples was obtained from 14 individuals: one baseline sample collected prior to commencement of vorinostat treatment (T0), and two on-treatment samples collected 2 and 24 hours after the patient had received the preceding daily dose of vorinostat (T2 and T24). Individual vorinostat dose levels were 100 mg (D100), 200 mg (D200), 300 mg (D300), or 400 mg (D400).
2013-05-08 | E-GEOD-46703 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The study objective was to propose molecular mechanisms of action of the histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat. In the PRAVO phase 1 study, patients that were scheduled to receive pelvic palliative radiation to 30 Gy in 3-Gy fractions for gastrointestinal carcinoma, were enrolled onto four sequential dose levels of vorinostat, starting at 100 mg daily with dose escalation in increments of 100 mg. Endpoints included treatment safety and tolerability, tumor response, and biological activity of vorinostat. For the purpose of identifying biomarkers of vorinostat action, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, representing normal tissue exposed to vorinostat, were used. The samples were collected, one at baseline and two on-treatment samples. The time points for sample collection were chosen based on our previous data from experimental colorectal carcinoma models exposed to vorinostat, demonstrating that the maximum tumor histone acetylation 2-3 hours after drug exposure was restored to baseline after 24 hours. In PRAVO study patients, tumor histone hyperacetylation was observed 3 hours after vorinostat administration.
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