Water Exchange Versus Carbon Dioxide for Colonoscopy
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
DISEASE(S): Pain,Colorectal Adenomas,Colorectal Cancer,Colorectal Neoplasms,Adenoma,Colorectal Polyps
PROVIDER: 2128017 | ecrin-mdr-crc |
REPOSITORIES: ECRIN MDR
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Project description:Insufflation of the colon, usually with room air, is necessary to distend the lumen for exploration. Carbon dioxide (CO2) insufflation instead of room air insufflation (AI) has been shown to decrease symptoms of abdominal pain or discomfort during the procedure and particularly during the following 24 hours. CO2 is is rapidly absorbed by the intestinal mucosa and exhaled through respiration. AI colonoscopy has usually been the reference standard to compare colonoscopy using CO2 insufflation. In two recent articles AI was compared to either CO2 insufflation and Water-aided colonoscopy (WAC), which entails infusion of water to facilitate insertion to the cecum.
WAC can be categorized broadly in Water Immersion (WI) and Water Exchange (WE). In WI water is infused during the insertion phase of colonoscopy, with removal of infused water predominantly during withdrawal. Occasional use of insufflation may be allowed. WE entails complete exclusion of insufflation, removal of residual colonic air pockets and feces, and suction of infused water predominantly during insertion to minimize distention. During the withdrawal phase insufflation is used to distend the colonic lumen.
In the WAC arms of the two mentioned articles the insertion method used was WI, with infusion of water at room temperature or at 37°C. During withdrawal, air insufflation or either air or CO2 insufflation were employed.
Compared to AI, CO2 insufflation and WI (using room air insufflation or CO2 insufflation during withdrawal) were effective in both studies in decreasing sedation requirement, pain and tolerance scores, with patients’ higher willingness to repeat the procedure.
Until now no direct comparison has been made within a single study about pain score during colonoscopy using AI, CO2 insufflation, WI/CO2, WE/CO2, WI/AI and WE/AI.
In this study we test the hypothesis that, compared to AI, CO2 insufflation and WAC/CO2-AI methods will decrease pain score during colonoscopy, with reduction of sedation requirement, and that WE will achieve the best result. This comparative study has also the aim to test the respective peculiarities of each method.
| 2152551 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:Water-aided method for colonoscopy can be broadly subdivided into two major categories. Water Immersion (WI), characterized by suction removal of the infused water predominantly during the withdrawal phase of colonoscopy, and Water Exchange (WE), characterized by suction removal of infused water predominantly during the insertion phase of colonoscopy. Several studies showed that WE significantly reduces pain compared to WI and colonoscopy with traditional air insufflation (AI), increases the number of unsedated procedures and adenoma detection rate (ADR), in particular proximal ADR. This randomized controlled trial will be a direct comparison of Air Insufflation, Water Immersion and Water Exchange to test the hypothesis that WAC (particularly WE) would significantly decrease pain score during colonoscopy in average-risk screening patients. Several other secondary outcomes will also be analyzed.
| 2139246 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:Water-aided method for colonoscopy can be broadly subdivided into two major categories. Water Immersion (WI), characterized by suction removal of the infused water predominantly during the withdrawal phase of colonoscopy, and Water Exchange (WE), characterized by suction removal of infused water predominantly during the insertion phase of colonoscopy. Several studies showed that WE significantly reduces pain compared to WI and colonoscopy with traditional air insufflation (AI), increases the number of unsedated procedures and adenoma detection rate (ADR), in particular proximal ADR. This randomized controlled trial will be a direct comparison of Air Insufflation, Water Immersion and Water Exchange to test the hypothesis that WAC (particularly WE) would significantly decrease pain score during colonoscopy in diagnostic patients. Several other secondary outcomes will also be analyzed.
| 2139310 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:This study evaluates how often patients without sedation that receive screening sigmoidoscopy are able to have their full colon examined without significant discomfort by comparing a new colonoscopy technique known as the water exchange technique to the traditional air insufflation technique. It compares the differences between complete colon exam rates for water exchange when compared to the traditional air technique. Patients will be randomised and blinded to the procedure type.
Previous studies have shown that the water exchange method is associated with a significant reduction in discomfort and often allows patients to receive colonoscopy without sedation or with only minimal sedation. However, the potential for water exchange to be used in the screening setting has yet to be evaluated. As per standard practices in sigmoidoscopy screening, patients will not be sedated. However, unlike standard practices in sigmoidoscopy screening, while maintaining minimal levels of discomfort, the investigators will attempt to scope beyond the distal colon.
| 2248694 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:Colonoscopy is a sedated procedure traditionally performed using air insufflation during the insertion phase of the procedure. Recently, the use of water method (eg, water infusion or water exchange techniques) during the insertion phase of colonoscopy has been reported to increase the proportion of patients in whom complete unsedated colonoscopy could be achieved, reduce patient recovery time burdens, decrease abdominal discomfort during and after colonoscopy, enhance cecal intubation, and increase willingness to repeat an unsedated colonoscopy. However, there has been no study on the use of water method during the training of primary care doctors or nurse endoscopists in flexible sigmoidoscopy for colorectal cancer screening.
In unsedated endoscopic procedure such as FS, endoscope insertion techniques that can potentially reduce patient discomfort and increase the rate of achieving an adequate depth of scope insertion are desirable. Our current study aims to evaluate the impact of water method during insertion phase of FS in the training of primary care doctors or nurse endoscopists for colorectal cancer screening.
| 2248612 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:It has been reported that carbon dioxide (CO2) insufflation can reduce patient pain and abdominal discomfort during and after colonoscopy. Its safety and efficacy during colonoscopy even under sedation has been already assessed in some earlier trials. Air insufflation is still the standard method, however, because of a lack of suitable equipment and continued technical improvement in colonoscopy.
In laparoscopic surgery, CO2 insufflation is widely applied and safely used with the patient under general anesthesia. CO2 insufflation is also applied for CT colonography for reduction of discomfort during or after procedure.2 During endoscopic procedure for colorectal neoplasia resection, however, long procedural time may increase not only the degree of discomfort during and after the procedure but also the risk of perforation. In addition to laparoscopic surgery, CO2 insufflation has also been applied to other endoscopic procedures. Saito et al reported the application of CO2 insufflation in Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of colorectal neoplasia in a prospective study in which their average procedural time using CO2 insufflation was 90 minutes under conscious sedation with average of 5.6 mg of midazolam. When compared with control group using room air, statistically negligible difference of pCO2 was observed with significant difference in abdominal discomfort.6 Screening colonoscopy, which can be completed within 15 minutes if no lesion being detected, requires high screenee satisfaction so as to improve patient compliance. In the setting of colonoscopy after positive FOBT, the attendance rate for secondary colonoscopy was around 60 to 70 % according to the data demonstrated in previous RCT and population-based studies. With application of CO2 insufflation, further improvement of patient compliance can be anticipated.
This study aims to investigate whether use of CO2 insufflations can reduce examinee discomfort in comparison with air.
| 2060540 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:Interventions: WAC intervention, Colonoscopist use water to inflate the colon instead of air during insertion the colonoscope. The sterile water at room temperature is pumped into the system.
Patient demographics, which are age, sex, weight, height, and waist circumference are recorded prior to a colonoscopy procedure. Vital sign is measured in all patients, that are blood pressure, heart rate and oxygen saturation.
Prior to a colonoscopy procedure, the patient is positioned on their left side, and a transparent cap is attached to the tip of the colonoscope. In addition, all patients are typically administered 2 mg of midazolam intravenously for sedation during the procedure. Once the colonoscope is inserted, the air pump is turned off.
Cecal intubation time is recorded when colonoscopist reach to the cecal floor, appendix orifice and the opening of terminal ilium. These landmark is indicators of a successful intubation of the entire colon. To evaluate the level of pain experienced by the patient during a colonoscopy procedure, a 10-points scale is used. This scale ranges from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates the highest level of pain. During the procedure, the nurse will ask the patient to provide their pain score every 3 minutes using the visual analog scale. If patient's pain score is greater than 3 or if the patient requests it, intravenous fentanyl (25 mcg) is administered to provide pain control. Vital sign is measured every 5 minutes during colonoscopy.
During the withdrawal phase of colonoscopy procedure, air can be used to inflate the colon as usual. The time elapsed since reaching the cecal floor and the anus is recorded, and the timer is stopped when any procedure interventions, such as polypectomy or tis;Experimental Procedure/Surgery,Active Comparator Procedure/Surgery;Water-assisted colonoscopy,Carbon dioxide insufflation colonoscopy
Primary outcome(s): The difficulty technique of colonoscopy between water-assisted colonoscopy and carbon dioxide colonoscopy in beginner 2 months after the end of intervention Cecal intubation time
Study Design: Randomized
| 27940 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:Interventions: 3-4 hours before the operation, 1.5 g (20 mg / kg) of araglio granules was dissolved in 50 ml of water and orally administered. Under general anesthesia and insufflation of carbon dioxide gas, the inside of the abdominal cavity is observed using a white and fluorescent light source device. The presence or absence of fluorescence is evaluated using normal light (white light) and blue light.;Oral administration of 5-ALA
Primary outcome(s): ALA-PDD increases the accuracy of peritoneal metastasis (Comparison of sensitivity between white light and blue light)
Study Design: single arm study, open(masking not used), uncontrolled control, single assignment, diagnostic purpose
| 2614347 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:We investigate photorespiration pathways in the chemoautotroph Cupriavidus necator H16 when growing autotropically on hydrogen and carbon dioxide via the Calvin Cycle. We demonstrate an upregulation of the glycerate pathway under photorespiration (ambient carbon dioxide) conditions
2020-01-31 | GSE141999 | GEO
Project description:Water immersion insertion has been documented to decrease procedure-related discomfort during colonoscopy. There was used warm water infusion for colonoscope insertion in most of the water immersion colonoscopy trials.
The investigators have been using room temperature water (20-24°C) for water immersion and the investigators did not notice any drawback of it. In our opinion, it is simpler and cheaper option for water immersion colonoscopy and proof of its efficacy and safety could support the use of water immersion technique in routine practice.
The primary endpoint is cecal intubation time and the investigators suppose that the use of warm water infusion does not shorten it significantly. Patient comfort during colonoscope insertion, water consumption, length of the scope while reaching the cecum, need for external compression, need for positioning of the patient and endoscopist´s difficulty with colonoscopy will be also assessed.
| 2124104 | ecrin-mdr-crc