Effectiveness of an Integrated Colorectal Cancer Screening in Saudi Arabia: A Pragmatic Randomized Trial
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
DISEASE(S): Colonic Polyps,Occult Bleeding,Colorectal Cancer,Colorectal Neoplasms,Colonic Polyp
PROVIDER: 2376681 | ecrin-mdr-crc |
REPOSITORIES: ECRIN MDR
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Project description:Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence increases with age and early onset of the disease is an indication of genetic predisposition, estimated to cause up to 30 % of all CRC cases. To identify genes associated with an increased risk for CRC, genome-wide gene expression levels of CRCs from patients diagnosed at an early age and CRCs from patients diagnosed at higher age were investigated. Patients with known hereditary predisposition syndromes were excluded from the study.
2011-09-07 | GSE25071 | GEO
Project description:Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence increases with age and early onset of the disease is an indication of genetic predisposition, estimated to cause up to 30 % of all CRC cases. To identify genes associated with an increased risk for CRC, genome-wide gene expression levels of CRCs from patients diagnosed at an early age and CRCs from patients diagnosed at higher age were investigated. Patients with known hereditary predisposition syndromes were excluded from the study. Twenty four patients were diagnosed at a young age (mean, 43 years; range, 28-53 years), referred to as the early onset group. They were excluded from the HNPCC and FAP syndromes by clinical criteria and no other cancer syndromes were recorded for these patients. The second group consisted of 17 patients with primary diagnosis at old age (mean, 79 years; range, 69-87 years), referred to as the late onset group. The samples from the late onset group were selected to reflect the composition of the early onset group with respect to gender, tumor localization and tumor stage according to The International Union Against Cancer (UICC)/American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC). Microsatellite instability (MSI) status was previously analyzed in all samples to eliminate the potential risk of including patients with inherited DNA repair deficiencies.
2011-09-06 | E-GEOD-25071 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Colonoscopy screening to reduce mortality and incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been implemented in many western countries. The estimated effect is based on case-control and observational studies. There are no randomized trials quantifying the effect of colonoscopy screening on CRC incidence and mortality.
The present study investigates the effect of a population-based once-only colonoscopy screening with polypectomy on the incidence of CRC in an average risk population.
In 1983, 900 individuals 55 to 64 years of age were randomly drawn from the population registry of Telemark county, Norway. 400 of these were invited to a flexible sigmoidoscopy screening examination, and 400 individuals were not offered any screening. In 1996, the remainder, both cohorts from 1983 were invited to a colonoscopy screening examination. A new age and sex matched control group, not being offered screening, was randomly drawn from the same registry. Both groups are to be followed with regard to CRC incidence, CRC mortality and all-cause mortality through national Norwegian registries.
| 2080820 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:Worldwide, there are 1,361,000 new cases of colorectal cancers (CRC) annually, with 694,000 deaths. However, the incidence varies by up to a factor of 10x between high and low incidence countries (eg. USA vs Mexico, incidence rate of 42.54 vs 7.44 / 100,000 inhabitants). Mexico is considered a low-incidence country, with 8,651 new cases and 4,694 deaths annually.
CRC is a preventable and detectable disease. Screening programs established in high-incidence countries have managed to reduce the incidence and mortality from this disease and it is considered a cost-effective strategy. In less developed countries where there are no screening programs for CRC, the highest number of deaths occurs despite having the lowest number of cases. It is recognized that a barrier to establishing a screening program in a country with low incidence and limited resources is cost-effectiveness.
The prevalence of Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia (ACN) detected by screening colonoscopy in a Mexican cohort of 1172 INNSZ patients was 2.9%. In the US the prevalence is 7.6%. The number of colonoscopies to be performed to detect ACN was estimated at 34 for Mexico and 13 for the US, which suggests that the cost-effectiveness of screening colonoscopy could be 3 times lower in our country.
In Mexico there is no national screening program for CRC. The eligible population (adults between 50 and 75 years old) for CRC screening is estimated in 20 million of Mexicans. It is recognized that Mexico does not have enough financial resources nor the infrastructure to screen the entire eligible population either by direct colonoscopy, or by FIT (fecal immunochemical test) followed by colonoscopy. With a 5% frequency of positive FIT, nearly 1,000,000 follow-up colonoscopies would be required annually in a population screening program.
An alternative could be to offer screening based on risk, which means only offering screening to the highest-risk population.
There are calculators to predict the risk of identifying ACN in a screening colonoscopy, however, none have been developed and validated in the Mexican population. The weight of the risk factors associated with ACN in the Mexican population could be different, so it is necessary to develop and validate an ACN risk calculator that allows the Mexican population to be stratified and to concentrate screening efforts on the population at highest risk.
| 3205 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:There are ~1.4 million cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) annually worldwide. Due to recent implementation of bowel cancer screening (BCS), incidence of diagnosis with stage I (T1/2, N0, M0) CRC has increased nearly four-fold; from approximately 12% pre-screening to approximately 42-45%. While survival rates for patients diagnosed with stage I CRC remains above 95%, and identification of patients at this early stage provides the best opportunity to improve in cancer survival rates, recent data has provided quantitative evidence that metastatic seeding can occur from disseminated cells at the very earliest stage of CRC development. The aim of study was to give an insight into aggressive “born-to-be-bad” biology through generation and transcriptional profiling of a novel case-controlled retrospective T1 CRC discovery cohort. We performed transcriptional and histological profiling to identify molecular pathology features of the high-risk metastatic phenotypes, discriminating between relapse and non-relapse T1 lesions and found that a cohort of aggressive early disseminating stage 1 CRC is associated with high cell intrinsic TGFB signalling and not stromal signalling.
2021-11-30 | GSE162667 | GEO
Project description:Colorectal cancer is the third most common malignancy and the fourth most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. In 2008, more than one million cases were newly diagnosed, and more than 600,000 people died from the disease. Given its slow development from removable precancerous lesions and curable early stages, screening for CRC has the potential to reduce both the incidence and mortality of the disease. However, compliance with current screening methods remains poor and there is a clear need for an accurate in vitro blood test to increase participation in colorectal cancer screening. In this study, we performed genome-wide gene expression profiling of peripheral blood samples from 100 healthy controls and 100 colorectal cancer patients using PAXgeneTM technology and Affymetrix GeneChip® microarrays. We show that monitoring gene expression in blood results in distinct transcriptional profiles between the controls and cancer patients. Thus, the microarray-based blood gene expression profiling holds great promise for developing novel biomarkers for colorectal cancer detection.
2013-05-03 | E-MTAB-1532 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:It is estimated that there are about 1.4 million patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) worldwide, with a rising trend in CRC incidence in many Asian Pacific countries. In Hong Kong, colorectal cancer ranks first in cancer incidence and second in cancer mortality based on data from 2014.
Recent guidelines from USA, Europe and Asia Pacific region recommend CRC screening for average-risk asymptomatic individuals starting at age 50. Fecal immunochemical tests (FIT), is one of the recommendation as first-line modality for CRC screening. Since yearly testing is recommended to maintain programmatic effectiveness longitudinal adherence is a critical component of FOBT-based screening programs. Our previous study conducted in Hong Kong showed that the rate of compliance with CRC screening was declining since the first year of enrolment8.
In recent years, social media (SM) has become an increasingly popular source of health information. By providing an easily accessible and interactive channel of communication between reviewers and information providers, it has potential values for affecting public health. However, the effects of SM on the compliance of CRC screening by FIT has not yet been studied.
WhatsApp Messenger, is the most popular social media messaging app worldwide. This randomized controlled study will investigate the effect of WhatsApp vs no reminder on the compliance of CRC screening by FIT.
| 2248725 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major burden in western countries. The disease develops from precursor lesions during a long time-interval. Colonoscopy can detect and remove CRC precursor lesions and may thus be effective for CRC prevention. Many national and international health organisations demand evidence from randomised trials to reduce incidence or mortality of the target disease before advocating population-wide cancer screening. However, while colonoscopy screening for the prevention of colorectal cancer is established in the United States and several European countries, no randomised trials exist to quantify the possible benefit of colonoscopy screening. NordICC is a randomised trial investigating the effect of colonoscopy on CRC incidence and mortality.
NordICC is a multicentre, randomised trial in Nordic countries, the Netherlands and Poland. A minimum of 66 000 individuals, age 55-64 years, are drawn randomly from the population registries in the participating countries. 22 000 are invited for once-only colonoscopy (2:1 randomisation). Expected work-load with 50% compliance will be 11,000 colonoscopies. At the screening examination, all detected lesions are biopsied and removed whenever possible. The remaining 44 000 individuals (control group) are not offered any screening examination (care as usual).The primary study aims are CRC incidence and CRC mortality after 15 years of follow-up, with an interim analysis after 10 years of follow-up. In an intention-to-treat approach, a risk reduction of CRC mortality of 25% in the colonoscopy screening group compared to the control group is expected after 10 years follow-up, estimating 50% compliance in the screening group.
| 2070981 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:It is estimated that there are about 1.4 million patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) worldwide, with a rising trend in CRC incidence in many Asian Pacific countries1. In Hong Kong, colorectal cancer ranks first in cancer incidence and second in cancer mortality based on data from 20142.
Recent guidelines from USA, Europe and Asia Pacific region recommend CRC screening for average-risk asymptomatic individuals starting at age 503-5. Modalities such as guaiac-based fecal occult blood tests (gFOBT), fecal immunochemical tests (FIT), flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS), and colonoscopy are among the acceptable options for CRC screening3-5.
Department of Health of Hong Kong launched a Colorectal Cancer Screening Pilot Program in late 2016. This is a subsidized program offering primary care consultation with FIT. For those subjects with FIT positive, colonoscopy specialist consultation and colonoscopy will be arranged.
The local uptake rate of CRC screening was reported to be 24.5%8 , which is relatively low when compared to other developed county9.
In recent years, social media (SM) has become an increasingly popular source of health information10. By providing an easily accessible and interactive channel of communication between reviewers and information providers, it has potential values for affecting public health. However, the effects of SM on uptake of CRC screening has not yet been studied.
WhatsApp Messenger, is the most popular social media messaging app worldwide. This randomized controlled study will investigate the effect of WhatsApp vs telephone intervention on the uptake of CRC screening.
| 2258551 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC; age younger than 50 years) incidence has been steadily increasing over the last decades worldwide with causes unexplained. A unique molecular feature of EOCRC is that these cases harbor a greater incidence of Nodal Modulator 1 (NOMO1) somatic deletions compared with late-onset CRC. Yet the mechanisms of NOMO1 in early-onset colorectal carcinogenesis are currently unknown. Here we show that 50% of heterozygous NOMO1 deleted–EOCRCs presented pathogenic mutations in this gene, suggesting that NOMO1 can be inactivated by deletion or mutation in EOCRC. To study its role in EOCRC, CRISPR/cas9 technology was used to generate NOMO1 knockout HCT-116 (EOCRC) and HS-5 (bone marrow) cell lines. Loss of NOMO1 in these cell lines did not perturb Nodal pathway signaling. Results from expression microarray, RNA sequencing and protein expression analysis by LC-IMS/MS revealed that NOMO1 inactivation deregulates other signaling pathways independent of the Nodal pathway such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Importantly, NOMO1 inactivation increased the migration capacity of CRC cells. Additionally, a gut-specific conditional KO mouse model of NOMO1 revealed no subsequent tumor development in mice. Overall, these findings suggest that NOMO1 could not be a driver of early-onset colorectal carcinogenesis, but its loss promotes an increased migration capacity of CRC cells. Further study is warranted to explore other signaling pathways deregulated by the loss of NOMO1 that may play a relevant role in the pathogenesis of the disease.
2022-10-15 | PXD033636 | Pride