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Colon cancer screening in high-risk population

ABSTRACT: Intervention 1: Intervention includes below: •Tailored massages via phone counseling •Interactive and in-person counseling about screening barriers •Individualized motivational interview •Consequent Follow-up reminder calls. Intervention 2: One parallel control group of usual care will be designed in this study. That is, counselees (index patients or FDRs) in control group will receive a simple doctor recommendation that screening is necessary should be done in FDRs, and that they better to inform their FDRs, as happened in routine care, the main source of recommendation is doctor’s recommendation. Usually index patients during their treatment are informed by doctors about the risk of developing cancer in their relatives and the significance of screening or early detection among their relatives.;Early detection;Early detection;Intervention includes below: •Tailored massages via phone counseling •Interactive and in-person counseling about screening barriers •Individualized motivational interview •Consequent Follow-up reminder calls;One parallel control group of usual care will be designed in this study. That is, counselees (index patients or FDRs) in control group will receive a simple doctor recommendation that screening is necessary should be done in FDRs, and that they better to inform their FDRs, as happened in routine care, the main source of recommendation is doctor’s recommendation. Usually index patients during their treatment are informed by doctors about the risk of developing cancer in their relatives and the significance of screening or early detection among their relatives. Primary outcome(s): Screening Colonoscopy. Timepoint: 0, 6months follow-up. Method of measurement: Colonoscopy report verification. Study Design: Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Single blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Screening.

DISEASE(S): C18, C19,Malignant Neoplasm Of Colon, Malignant Neoplasm Of Rectosigmoid Junction, Malignant Neoplasm Of Rectum,Colorectal Cancer

PROVIDER: 2486459 | ecrin-mdr-crc |

REPOSITORIES: ECRIN MDR

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Project description:Background: Extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), potentially due to systemic inflammation, include cardiovascular disease and sarcopenic obesity. Adiponectin, an adipose-derived cytokine, has been implicated in inflammatory processes in RA, but little is known regarding its association with inflammation in a pre-clinical period. Therefore, we investigated whether adiponectin was associated with inflammatory markers in individuals at risk for RA, and whether RA-related autoimmunity modifies these associations. Methods: We analyzed samples from 144 first-degree relatives (FDRs) of RA probands, of whom 23 were positive for anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody and/or ≥ 2 rheumatoid factor isotypes (IgM, IgG or IgA). We called this phenotype the ‘high risk autoantibody profile (HRP)’ as it has been shown in prior work to be >96% specific for future RA. We measured adiponectin, cytokines/chemokines, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Using linear mixed effects models, we evaluated interaction between HRP positivity and adiponectin on inflammatory markers, adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index, pack-years smoking, and use of cholesterol-lowering medications. Results: In everyone, adiponectin concentration was inversely associated with hsCRP and IL-1b in adjusted models, where a 1% higher adiponectin was associated with a 26% lower hsCRP (p=0.04) and a 26% lower IL-1b (p=0.04). Significant interactions between HRP and adiponectin for associations with GM-CSF, IL-6, and IL-9 were detected in fully adjusted models (p=0.0006, p=0.006, p=0.01, respectively). In HRP positive FDRs but not HRP negative FDRs, a 1% higher adiponectin was associated with 97% higher GM-CSF, 73% higher IL-6, and 54% higher IL-9 concentrations. Conclusions: Adiponectin associates with inflammatory markers, and these associations differ in individuals with a high-risk autoantibody profile compared with those without. The interaction between adiponectin and autoimmunity may occur systemically, rather than at the joint, which may provide insight into the systemic effects of RA-related autoantibodies and inflammation in the absence of clinically apparent RA.

Project description:Microarrays are useful tools for detecting and quantifying specific functional and phylogenetic genes in natural microbial communities. In order to track uncultivated microbial genotypes and their close relatives in an environmental context, we designed and implemented a “genome proxy” microarray that targets microbial genome fragments recovered directly from the environment. Fragments consisted of sequenced clones from large-insert genomic libraries from microbial communities in Monterey Bay, the Hawaii Ocean Time-series station ALOHA, and Antarctic coastal waters. In a prototype array, we designed probe sets to thirteen of the sequenced genome fragments and to genomic regions of the cultivated cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus MED4. Each probe set consisted of multiple 70-mers, each targeting an individual ORF, and distributed along each ~40-160kbp contiguous genomic region. The targeted organisms or clones, and close relatives, were hybridized to the array both as pure DNA mixtures and as additions of cells to a background of coastal seawater. This prototype array correctly identified the presence or absence of the target organisms and their relatives in laboratory mixes, with negligible cross-hybridization to organisms having ≤~75% genomic identity. In addition, the array correctly identified target cells added to a background of environmental DNA, with a limit of detection of ~0.1% of the community, corresponding to ~10^3 cells/ml in these samples. Signal correlated to cell concentration with an R2 of 1.0 across six orders of magnitude. In addition the array could track a related strain (at 86% genomic identity to that targeted) with a linearity of R2=0.9999 and a limit of detection of ~1% of the community. Closely related genotypes were distinguishable by differing hybridization patterns across each probe set. This array’s multiple-probe, “genome-proxy” approach and consequent ability to track both target genotypes and their close relatives is important for the array’s environmental application given the recent discoveries of considerable intra-population diversity within marine microbial communities. Keywords: target addition experiment, proof-of-concept for GPL6012

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Colon cancer screening in high-risk population

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