A multicenter observational study of adjuvant chemotherapy for elderly patients with stage III colorectal cancer
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
DISEASE(S): Colorectal Cancer
PROVIDER: 2653824 | ecrin-mdr-crc |
REPOSITORIES: ECRIN MDR
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Project description:Eighty-four completely resected stage I/II non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without adjuvant therapy were profiled using whole genome expression microarrys in order to identify novel classifications associated with RFS. Association with relapse-free survival (RFS) and clinicopathological parameters was assessed. An external cohort of 162 tumors was used to validate results.
2014-07-29 | E-MTAB-1790 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:BackgroundThe survival impact of multi-agent (MAC) compared with single-agent (SAC) adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in elderly patients with stage III colon cancer (CC) remains controversial. The aim of this study was to compare survival outcomes of MAC and SAC in this population utilizing the National Cancer Database (NCDB).Patients and methodsPatients aged ≥70 years with pathological stage III CC diagnosed in 2004-2015 were identified in the NCDB. Univariate and multivariable analyses were conducted, and Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify associations between MAC vs. SAC and overall survival (OS).ResultsAmong 41 707 elderly patients (≥70 years old) with stage III CC, about half (n = 20 257; 48.5%) received AC; the majority (n = 12 923, 63.8%) received MAC. The median age was 79 (range 70-90). The majority were female (n = 11 201, 55.3%), Caucasians (88%) and had moderately differentiated tumor grade (n = 12 619, 62.3%), tumor size >4 cm (11 785, 58.2%), and negative surgical margins (18 496, 91.3%). Low-risk stage III CC constituted 50.6% (n = 10 264) of the study population. High-risk stage III CC was associated with worse OS compared with low-risk disease (HR 0.35, 0.34-0.36, P < .001). Multi-agent chemotherapy was associated with a better 5-year OS compared with SAC (P < .001). High-risk stage III patients who received MAC vs. SAC had an OS of 4.2 vs. 3.4 years, respectively (P < .001). Low-risk stage III patients who received MAC vs. SAC had a median OS of 8.5 vs. 7 years (P < .001). In univariate and multivariable analyses, male sex, positive surgical margin, insurance and facility types, age, year of diagnosis, tumor size, and Charlson-Deyo score of >2 were associated with worse OS (P < .05).ConclusionsAny adjuvant chemotherapy has a trend of survival benefits. Multi-agent chemotherapy seems to have an enhanced benefit in the 70-75 age group. Multi-agent chemotherapy seemed to have similar efficacy as SAC in those aged >76 years.
| S-EPMC9438921 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background: Adjuvant therapy for high-risk resected melanoma with PD-1 blockade results in median relapse-free survival (RFS) of 5 years. The addition of low dose ipilimumab (IPI) to a regimen of nivolumab (NIVO) in Checkmate-915, did not result in increased RFS. A pilot phase II adjuvant study of either standard or low dose IPI with NIVO was conducted at two centers to evaluate RFS with correlative studies. Methods: Patients (pts) with resected stages IIIB/IIIC/IV melanoma received either IPI 3mg/kg and NIVO 1mg/kg (cohort 4) or IPI 1mg/kg and NIVO 3mg/kg (cohorts 5 and 6) induction therapy every three weeks for 12 weeks, followed by maintenance NIVO. Peripheral blood samples at baseline and on-treatment were assessed by flow cytometry for potential biomarkers. Peripheral CD8+ T-cells were assessed by RNA-Seq. Results: High rates of grade 3-4 adverse events precluded completion of induction therapy in 50%, 35% and 7% of patients in cohorts 4, 5 and 6 respectively. At a median of 63.9 months of follow up, 16/56 pts (29%) relapsed. For all patients, at five-years, RFS was 71% (95% CI: 60, 84), and overall survival was 94% (95% CI: 88, 100). Expansion of CD3+CD4+CD38+CD127-GARP- T-cells, an on-treatment increase in CD39 expression in CD8+ T-cells, and T-cell expression of phosphorylated STAT2 and STAT5 were associated with relapse. Conclusions: Adjuvant IPI/NIVO at the induction doses used resulted in excellent relapse-free survival, albeit with a high rate of grade 3-4 adverse events. Biomarker analyses highlight an association of ectoenzyme-expressing T-cells and STAT signaling pathways with relapse.
2022-12-02 | GSE219251 | GEO
Project description:IntroductionWe aimed to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of the combination of 6 cycles of chemotherapy and radiation therapy compared with chemotherapy alone as postoperative adjuvant therapy for patients with stage III endometrial cancer.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included patients with stage III endometrial cancer who received postoperative chemoradiotherapy or chemotherapy alone at 6 hospitals between January 2009 and December 2019. The progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for each treatment group were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. We also assessed differences in toxicity profiles between the treatment groups.ResultsA total of 133 patients met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 80 patients (60.2%) received adjuvant chemoradiotherapy and 53 (39.8%) received chemotherapy alone. The PFS and OS did not differ significantly between the groups. For patients with stage IIIC endometrioid subtype, the chemoradiotherapy group had significantly longer PFS rate than did the chemotherapy alone group (log-rank test, P = .019), although there was no significant difference in the OS (log-rank test, P = .100). CRT was identified as a favorable prognostic factor for PFS in multivariate analysis (adjusted HR, .37; 95% CI, .16-.87; P = .022). Patients treated with chemoradiotherapy more frequently suffered from grade 4 neutropenia (73.8% vs 52.8%; P = .018) and grade 3 or worse thrombocytopenia (36.3% vs 9.4%; P = .001) compared with the chemotherapy alone group. There were no differences between the 2 treatment groups in the frequency of toxicity-related treatment discontinuation or dose reduction.ConclusionWe confirmed that chemoradiotherapy yields longer progression-free survival than does chemotherapy alone for patients with stage IIIC endometrioid endometrial cancer, with an acceptable toxicity profile.
| S-EPMC9297464 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundSince 2004, a regimen of 6 months of treatment with oxaliplatin plus a fluoropyrimidine has been standard adjuvant therapy in patients with stage III colon cancer. However, since oxaliplatin is associated with cumulative neurotoxicity, a shorter duration of therapy could spare toxic effects and health expenditures.MethodsWe performed a prospective, preplanned, pooled analysis of six randomized, phase 3 trials that were conducted concurrently to evaluate the noninferiority of adjuvant therapy with either FOLFOX (fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin) or CAPOX (capecitabine and oxaliplatin) administered for 3 months, as compared with 6 months. The primary end point was the rate of disease-free survival at 3 years. Noninferiority of 3 months versus 6 months of therapy could be claimed if the upper limit of the two-sided 95% confidence interval of the hazard ratio did not exceed 1.12.ResultsAfter 3263 events of disease recurrence or death had been reported in 12,834 patients, the noninferiority of 3 months of treatment versus 6 months was not confirmed in the overall study population (hazard ratio, 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00 to 1.15). Noninferiority of the shorter regimen was seen for CAPOX (hazard ratio, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.85 to 1.06) but not for FOLFOX (hazard ratio, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.26). In an exploratory analysis of the combined regimens, among the patients with T1, T2, or T3 and N1 cancers, 3 months of therapy was noninferior to 6 months, with a 3-year rate of disease-free survival of 83.1% and 83.3%, respectively (hazard ratio, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.90 to 1.12). Among patients with cancers that were classified as T4, N2, or both, the disease-free survival rate for a 6-month duration of therapy was superior to that for a 3-month duration (64.4% vs. 62.7%) for the combined treatments (hazard ratio, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.23; P=0.01 for superiority).ConclusionsAmong patients with stage III colon cancer receiving adjuvant therapy with FOLFOX or CAPOX, noninferiority of 3 months of therapy, as compared with 6 months, was not confirmed in the overall population. However, in patients treated with CAPOX, 3 months of therapy was as effective as 6 months, particularly in the lower-risk subgroup. (Funded by the National Cancer Institute and others.).
| S-EPMC6426127 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Primary outcome(s): Relapse-free survival (RFS), which was defined as the time from surgery for CPM to the first peritoneal or distant relapse or death from any cause.
| 112515 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:BackgroundWith the aging of the population, the burden of elderly gastric cancer (EGC) increases worldwide. However, there is no consensus on the definition of EGC and the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage II EGC. Here, we investigated the effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy in defined EGC patients.MethodsWe enrolled 5762 gastric cancer patients of three independent cohorts from the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (local), the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER), and the Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG). The optimal age cutoff for EGC was determined using the K-adaptive partitioning algorithm. The defined EGC group and the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy for them were confirmed by Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses. Furthermore, gene set variation analyses (GSVA) were performed to reveal pathway enrichment between groups.ResultsThe optimal age partition value for EGC patients was 75. In the local, SEER, and ACRG cohorts, the EGC group exhibited significantly worse overall survival and cancer-specific survival than the non-EGC group (P < 0.05) and was an independent risk factor. Stratified analyses based on chemotherapy showed that EGC patients derived little benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. Furthermore, GSVA analysis revealed the activation of DNA repair-related pathways and downregulation of the p53 pathway, which may partially contribute to the observed findings.ConclusionIn this retrospective, international multi-center study, 75 years old was identified as the optimal age cutoff for EGC definition, and adjuvant chemotherapy proved to be unbeneficial for stage II EGC patients.
| S-EPMC10566074 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We analyzed whole transcriptome sequencing in tumors from 23 patients with stage III or IV melanoma from a pilot trial of the anti-GD2 immunocytokine, hu14.18-IL2, in melanoma patients at high risk for recurrence to identify predictive immune and/or tumor biomarkers. Patients with advanced resectable melanoma were randomized to receive the first of 3 monthly-courses of hu14.18-IL2 immunotherapy either before (Group A) or after (Group B) complete surgical resection of all known disease. Tumors were evaluated by histology, immunohistochemistry and whole transcriptome sequencing. We report here that tumor infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) levels directly correlate with relapse-free-survival (RFS) and overall-survival (OS). Resected tumors from Group A, but not Group B, patients demonstrated a direct correlation between TIL levels and survival. TIL levels directly correlated with a previously Estimated RNAseq-determined Immune Signature (EIS). This EIS correlated with RFS and OS, particularly in Group A tumors. Group A tumors demonstrated decreased cell cycling RNA gene transcripts, but increased RNA gene transcripts associated with repair and growth. Additionally, we found several direct correlations of immune signatures and immune related RNA transcripts as well as many inverse correlations of tumor growth-associated transcripts with RFS and OS, particularly in Group A tumors. Most of these correlations were not seen in Group B tumors. We interpret these data to signify that both immunologic and tumoral cell processes, as measured by RNAseq analyses, are associated with long term survival after hu14.18-IL2 therapy and could potentially be prognosticated using neoadjuvant treatment resection specimens obtained after initiating immunotherapy.
2020-07-01 | GSE133713 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundOver half of the patients were diagnosed with colorectal cancer after 70 years of age. The choice of the most suitable chemotherapy strategy is the major challenge for elderly patients. Previous trials indicated that elderly patients with stage II/III colorectal cancer obtained no significant benefits from oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Therefore, single-agent oral capecitabine is regarded as an effective alternative with retained efficacy and improved flexibility. However, the optimal dose of capecitabine for elderly patients remains controversial. Recent studies have adopted a low-dose strategy (1,000 mg/m(2)) for elderly patients, but the long-term efficacy of this strategy has not been identified so far. Thus, we designed this trial to investigate non-inferiority of the lower-dose strategy of capecitabine compared with the approved-dose strategy for adjuvant chemotherapy of elderly patients with stage II/III colorectal cancer.MethodsLC-ACEC (Low-dose Capecitabine Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Elderly Patients With Stage II/III Colorectal Cancer) is a prospective, randomized, open-label, non-inferiority phase III clinical trial including 926 eligible patients. Patients will be randomly assigned to receive a capecitabine adjuvant chemotherapy strategy of lower dose (1,000 mg/m(2) twice daily on days 1 to 14 of every 21 days) or approved dose (1,250 mg/m(2) twice daily on days 1 to 14 of every 21 days). The primary outcome is 3-year disease-free survival. Secondary outcomes include 3-year overall survival, toxic and side effects during treatment, completion rate, and quality of life.DiscussionThis is the first randomized trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a low-dose strategy of capecitabine in adjuvant chemotherapy of elderly patients with stage II/III colorectal cancer, and the results are believed to provide new evidence on the treatment of elderly patients with colorectal cancer.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02316535 (Dec. 12, 2014).
| S-EPMC4465020 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Introduction: The I-SPY 1 TRIAL was designed to evaluate complete pathologic response and tumor volume change, measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), stratified by molecular subtypes and link response to 3-year recurrence free survival (RFS).Methods: Eligible patients had T =3 cm and received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with AC plus optional taxane. Serial MRI, biopsy, and blood draws were conducted over the course of treatment, and a database of multiple molecular profiles was assembled.Results: A total of 221 patients were eligible for analysis: median tumor size was 6.0 cm and median age was 49 years. The I-SPY 1 TRIAL patients had tumors with aggressive biology: 45% were estrogen receptor (ER) negative, 31% Her2+; and 91% high risk by the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI) 70-gene profile. After a median of 3.9 years, RFS was 77%. HR/HER2 status improved predictability of RFS with the greatest difference between HR+/HER2- and triple-negative disease (hazard ratio 0.39). Wound healing signature activation, p53 mutation, and Risk of Relapse (ROR) score were highly correlated and also significantly improved the accuracy of RFS predictions when added to stage. The rate of pathologic complete response (pCR) varied considerably from a low of 0-2% (NKI low risk, luminal A) to a high of 43-61% (17q Amplified, HER2 enriched, HR-/HER2+). Both pCR and the more refined residual cancer burden (RCB) were significant predictors of RFS for all patients and even more predictive when analyzed within biomarker subsets. Good risk (NKI low, ROR-S low risk, Wound Healing quiescent, p53 wild type) signatures were associated with significantly higher 3-year RFS than poor risk expression signatures (ROR-S high risk, Wound Healing Activated, p53 mutation, NKI high risk).Conclusion: Importantly, in this set of biologically poor prognosis tumors, pCR predicts for better outcome, especially when analyzed within breast cancer subsets. Keywords: reference x sample reference x sample
2012-01-13 | E-GEOD-22226 | biostudies-arrayexpress