Project description:Radiation therapy (RT) is used to treat children with CNS tumors, solid tumors or Hodgkin lymphoma. Pediatric radiation oncologists have provided critical input into the development and implementation of concepts for clinical trials to further define the modality's role and test newer methods to reduce side effects or intensify therapy. The quality of pediatric oncology clinical trials that include radiation therapy is linked to the quality of guidelines. Radiation oncology is an adult medical specialty; thus, pediatric radiation oncologists are uniquely positioned to work with adult cancer investigators in the reorganized US National Cancer Institute Clinic Trials Network.

| S-EPMC4709221 | biostudies-literature

Children's Oncology Group's 2013 blueprint for research: acute myeloid leukemia.

Project description:For the 365 children diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia in the US annually, 5-year survival for patients on COG trials with low, intermediate, and high risk disease is 83%, 62%, and 23%, respectively. Recent advances include improved therapeutic stratification, improved survival with dose intensification, and further elucidation of the heterogeneity specific to childhood AML. These discoveries now guide current strategy incorporating targeted agents to pathways specific to childhood AML as well as evaluating methods to increase the sensitivity of the leukemic stem cell, first in Phase II feasibility trials followed by Phase III efficacy trials of the most promising agents. Acute myeloid leukemia in children, though with similar subgroups to adults, remains uniquely different based upon quite different prevalence of subtypes as well as overall response to therapy. The Children's Oncology Group's research agenda builds upon earlier efforts to better elucidate the leukemogenic steps distinct to childhood AML in order to more scientifically develop and test novel therapeutic approaches to the treatment and ultimate cure for children with this disorder. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013; 60: 964-971. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

| S-EPMC4605815 | biostudies-literature

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism(SNP)Study. ICORG 08-40, V4

Project description:Primary Objective: Correlation of the skin and/or eye toxicity grade secondary to Cetuximab or Panitumumab and the SNP profile of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) domain III region. Secondary Objectives: Correlation of SNP profile with indicators of tumour response parameters, such as radiological response, duration of response, time to progression (TTP), overall survival (OS) time, incidence of non-dermatological adverse events.

| 2135070 | ecrin-mdr-crc

Monocytic cell differentiation from band-stage neutrophils under inflammatory conditions

Project description:During inflammation, neutrophils are rapidly mobilized from the bone marrow storage pool into peripheral blood to subsequently enter lesional sites where most of them rapidly undergo apoptosis. Monocytes constitute a second wave of inflammatory immigrates giving rise to long-lived macrophages and dendritic cell subsets. According to descriptive immunophenotypic and cell culture studies, neutrophils may directly M-bM-^@M-^\transdifferentiateM-bM-^@M-^] into monocytes/macrophages. We here provide mechanistic data in human supporting the existence of this cellular pathway. Global transcriptional profiling of neutrophil-dervived monocytic cells revealed close resemblance of gene expression with monocytes and a clear separation of these cells from neutrophils. G-CSF mobilized neutrophils from peripheral blood were isolated and in vitro stimulated with GM-CSF, TNFa, and Il-1b for 5 days to generate monocytic cells. RNA were isolated from these cells and freshly isolated blood neutrophils and monocytes.

2014-07-11 | E-GEOD-58920 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Monocytes and neutrophils

Project description:Monocytes and neutrophils are both myeloid cells that have the same progenitor, the granulocyte macrophage precursor (GMP). Neutrophils are mature innate cells that are phagocytes and can degranulate to mount an immune response, whereas monocytes are immature pluripotent cells that can differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells that can phagocytose and present antigen. To compare the expression pattern and validate samples purity by comparing expression data with previously generated data for monocytes and neutrophils, we isolated monocytes (CD45+ CD64+ CD14+ CD16-) and neutrophils (CD66b+ CD16+) from eight healthy volunteers.

2014-03-20 | E-MTAB-1573 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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