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Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases

ABSTRACT: Organisation EGAO00000000870

PROVIDER: EGAO00000000870 | EGA |

REPOSITORIES: EGA

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Publications

Characterising private and shared signatures of positive selection in 37 Asian populations.

Liu Xuanyao X Lu Dongsheng D Saw Woei-Yuh WY Shaw Philip J PJ Wangkumhang Pongsakorn P Ngamphiw Chumpol C Fucharoen Suthat S Lert-Itthiporn Worachart W Chin-Inmanu Kwanrutai K Chau Tran Nguyen Bich TN Anders Katie K Kasturiratne Anuradhani A de Silva H Janaka HJ Katsuya Tomohiro T Kimura Ryosuke R Nabika Toru T Ohkubo Takayoshi T Tabara Yasuharu Y Takeuchi Fumihiko F Yamamoto Ken K Yokota Mitsuhiro M Mamatyusupu Dolikun D Yang Wenjun W Chung Yeun-Jun YJ Jin Li L Hoh Boon-Peng BP Wickremasinghe Ananda R AR Ong RickTwee-Hee RH Khor Chiea-Chuen CC Dunstan Sarah J SJ Simmons Cameron C Tongsima Sissades S Suriyaphol Prapat P Kato Norihiro N Xu Shuhua S Teo Yik-Ying YY

European journal of human genetics : EJHG 20170118 4

The Asian Diversity Project (ADP) assembled 37 cosmopolitan and ethnic minority populations in Asia that have been densely genotyped across over half a million markers to study patterns of genetic diversity and positive natural selection. We performed population structure analyses of the ADP populations and divided these populations into four major groups based on their genographic information. By applying a highly sensitive algorithm haploPS to locate genomic signatures of positive selection, 1 ...[more]

PMID: 28098149

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Project description:BackgroundClinical research plays an important role in establishing new treatments and improving the quality of medical practice. Since the introduction of the concept of clinical research coordinators (CRC) in Japan, investigators and CRC work as a clinical research team that coordinates with other professionals in clinical trials leading to drug approval (registration trials). Although clinical nurses collaborate with clinical research teams, extended clinical research teams that include clinical nurses may contribute to the ethical and scientific pursuit of clinical research.MethodsAs knowledge of clinical research is essential for establishing an extended clinical research team, we used questionnaires to survey the knowledge of clinical nurses at Tokushima University Hospital. Five-point and two-point scales were used. Questions as for various experiences were also included and the relationship between awareness and experiences were analyzed.ResultsAmong the 597 nurses at Tokushima University Hospital, 453 (75.9%) responded to the questionnaires. In Japan, registration trials are regulated by pharmaceutical affairs laws, whereas other types of investigator-initiated research (clinical research) are conducted based on ethical guidelines outlined by the ministries of Japan. Approximately 90% of respondents were aware of registration trials and clinical research, but less than 40% of the nurses were aware of their difference. In clinical research terminology, most respondents were aware of informed consent and related issues, but ≤50% were aware of other things, such as the Declaration of Helsinki, ethical guidelines, Good Clinical Practice, institutional review boards, and ethics committees. We found no specific tendency in the relationship between awareness and past experiences, such as nursing patients who were participating in registration trials and/or clinical research or taking a part in research involving patients as a nursing student or a nurse.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that clinical nurses have only limited knowledge on clinical research and the importance to have chances to make nurses aware of clinical research-related issues is suggested to establish an extended research team. Because of the study limitations, further study is warranted to determine the role of clinical nurses in establishing a suitable infrastructure for ethical pursuit of clinical research.

Dataset Information

Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases

Publications

Characterising private and shared signatures of positive selection in 37 Asian populations.

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