RUNX1 mutated families show phenotype heterogeneity and a somatic mutation profile unique to germline predisposed AML
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PROVIDER: EGAS00001004273 | EGA |
REPOSITORIES: EGA
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Project description:Mutations of RUNX1 are detected in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). In particular, C-terminal truncation mutations lack a transcription regulatory domain and have increased DNA binding through the runt homology domain (RHD). The expression of the RHD, RUNX1(41-214), in mouse hematopoietic cells induced progression to MDS and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Analysis of pre-myelodysplastic animals revealed expansion of c-Kit+Sca-1+Lin- (KSL) cells and skewed differentiation to myeloid at the expense of the lymphoid lineage. These abnormalities correlate with the phenotype of Runx1-deficient animals, as expected given the reported dominant-negative role of C-terminal mutations over the full-length RUNX1. However, MDS is not observed in Runx1-deficient animals. Gene expression profiling revealed that RUNX1(41-214) KSLs have an overlapping yet distinct gene expression profile from Runx1-deficient animals. Moreover, an unexpected parallel was observed between the hematopoietic phenotype of RUNX1(41-214) and aged animals. Genes deregulated in RUNX1(41-214), but not in Runx1-deficient animals, were inversely correlated with the aging gene signature of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), suggesting that disruption of the expression of genes related to normal aging by RUNX1 mutations contributes to development of MDS. The data presented here provide insights into the mechanisms of development of MDS in HSCs by C-terminal mutations of RUNX1. Gene expression analysis were performed on c-Kit+/Sca-1+/Lin-/IL7Ra- (KSL) cells sorted from RUNX1(41-214)-expressing and Runx1-knockout (Runx1floxed/floxed MxCre+/-) and control mice (Runx1floxed/floxedMxCre-/-).
2012-11-29 | E-GEOD-40155 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Mutations of RUNX1 are detected in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). In particular, C-terminal truncation mutations lack a transcription regulatory domain and have increased DNA binding through the runt homology domain (RHD). The expression of the RHD, RUNX1(41-214), in mouse hematopoietic cells induced progression to MDS and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Analysis of pre-myelodysplastic animals revealed expansion of c-Kit+Sca-1+Lin- (KSL) cells and skewed differentiation to myeloid at the expense of the lymphoid lineage. These abnormalities correlate with the phenotype of Runx1-deficient animals, as expected given the reported dominant-negative role of C-terminal mutations over the full-length RUNX1. However, MDS is not observed in Runx1-deficient animals. Gene expression profiling revealed that RUNX1(41-214) KSLs have an overlapping yet distinct gene expression profile from Runx1-deficient animals. Moreover, an unexpected parallel was observed between the hematopoietic phenotype of RUNX1(41-214) and aged animals. Genes deregulated in RUNX1(41-214), but not in Runx1-deficient animals, were inversely correlated with the aging gene signature of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), suggesting that disruption of the expression of genes related to normal aging by RUNX1 mutations contributes to development of MDS. The data presented here provide insights into the mechanisms of development of MDS in HSCs by C-terminal mutations of RUNX1.
2012-11-29 | GSE40155 | GEO
Project description:Somatic mutations of RUNX1, which encodes the myeloid and lymphoid transcriptional factor RUNX1, are common in both B- and T- acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) and are associated with poor prognosis of T-ALL. However, there has been no comprehensive investigation of the pattern or prevalence of RUNX1 germline mutation in both B- and T-ALL. Here we report germline RUNX1 variants in 1.23% of B-ALL and 2.11% of T-ALL, identifying 31 unique variants in 62 B-ALL and 18 unique variants in 26 T-ALL children. The majority of frameshift and nonsense variants affected RUNX1 function in transcriptional regulation, hematopoiesis, and cellular proliferation. We identified JAK3 as the most frequent somatic mutation in T-ALL with RUNX1 variants. These results not only identify RUNX1 as a leukemia predisposition gene but also further underline the importance of germline genetic variants to the development of ALL
2021-12-31 | GSE178238 | GEO
Project description:Somatic mutations of RUNX1, which encodes the myeloid and lymphoid transcriptional factor RUNX1, are common in both B- and T- acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) and are associated with poor prognosis of T-ALL. However, there has been no comprehensive investigation of the pattern or prevalence of RUNX1 germline mutation in both B- and T-ALL. Here we report germline RUNX1 variants in 1.23% of B-ALL and 2.11% of T-ALL, identifying 31 unique variants in 62 B-ALL and 18 unique variants in 26 T-ALL children. The majority of frameshift and nonsense variants affected RUNX1 function in transcriptional regulation, hematopoiesis, and cellular proliferation. We identified JAK3 as the most frequent somatic mutation in T-ALL with RUNX1 variants. These results not only identify RUNX1 as a leukemia predisposition gene but also further underline the importance of germline genetic variants to the development of ALL
2021-12-31 | GSE178237 | GEO
Project description:The hematopoietic master regulator RUNX1 is frequently mutated in myeloid and lymphoid malignancies. Analyses of RUNX1 mutations across hematopoietic tissues revealed frequent mutations outside of the N-terminal DNA binding domain. The vast majority of these C-terminal mutations were found to be nonsense and frameshifts resulting in truncated protein products predicted to escape nonsense mediated decay pathways. We modeled this class of truncation mutation using the pathogenic RUNX1 R320* mutation found in both germline and sporadic hematological disease. Homozygous knock-in of RUNX1 R320* in K562 leukemia cells resulted in a megakaryocytic differentiation block and DNA damage sensitivity phenotypes. Gene expression analysis demonstrated that RUNX1 R320* dysregulated unique gene sets when compared to RUNX1 knockdown in addition to shared genes related to megakaryocyte and platelet function. DNA binding across the genome was examined between RUNX1 wild-type and RUNX1 R320* through ChIP-seq, revealing that RUNX1 R320* differential binding was most enriched at enhancer regions. To detect RUNX1 R320* dysregulated enhancer-promoter (E-P) connections we performed GRID-seq and uncovered extensive remodeling of E-P interactions genome-wide in RUNX1 R320* cells. Furthermore, we uncovered a novel role for FOXK2 at RUNX1 regulated enhancers. Analysis of the well-studied MYC enhancer region demonstrated cooperation between RUNX1 R320* and FOXK2 at hematopoietic MYC enhancers NDME and BENC resulting in the significant upregulation of the MYC oncogene. In conclusion, the truncation of RUNX1 results in impaired megakaryocytic differentiation, unique transcriptional alterations, and remodeling of enhancer-promoter connections in cooperation with FOXK2, together contributing to leukemogenesis.
2024-05-29 | GSE236641 | GEO
Project description:The hematopoietic master regulator RUNX1 is frequently mutated in myeloid and lymphoid malignancies. Analyses of RUNX1 mutations across hematopoietic tissues revealed frequent mutations outside of the N-terminal DNA binding domain. The vast majority of these C-terminal mutations were found to be nonsense and frameshifts resulting in truncated protein products predicted to escape nonsense mediated decay pathways. We modeled this class of truncation mutation using the pathogenic RUNX1 R320* mutation found in both germline and sporadic hematological disease. Homozygous knock-in of RUNX1 R320* in K562 leukemia cells resulted in a megakaryocytic differentiation block and DNA damage sensitivity phenotypes. Gene expression analysis demonstrated that RUNX1 R320* dysregulated unique gene sets when compared to RUNX1 knockdown in addition to shared genes related to megakaryocyte and platelet function. DNA binding across the genome was examined between RUNX1 wild-type and RUNX1 R320* through ChIP-seq, revealing that RUNX1 R320* differential binding was most enriched at enhancer regions. To detect RUNX1 R320* dysregulated enhancer-promoter (E-P) connections we performed GRID-seq and uncovered extensive remodeling of E-P interactions genome-wide in RUNX1 R320* cells. Furthermore, we uncovered a novel role for FOXK2 at RUNX1 regulated enhancers. Analysis of the well-studied MYC enhancer region demonstrated cooperation between RUNX1 R320* and FOXK2 at hematopoietic MYC enhancers NDME and BENC resulting in the significant upregulation of the MYC oncogene. In conclusion, the truncation of RUNX1 results in impaired megakaryocytic differentiation, unique transcriptional alterations, and remodeling of enhancer-promoter connections in cooperation with FOXK2, together contributing to leukemogenesis.
2024-05-29 | GSE236640 | GEO
Project description:The hematopoietic master regulator RUNX1 is frequently mutated in myeloid and lymphoid malignancies. Analyses of RUNX1 mutations across hematopoietic tissues revealed frequent mutations outside of the N-terminal DNA binding domain. The vast majority of these C-terminal mutations were found to be nonsense and frameshifts resulting in truncated protein products predicted to escape nonsense mediated decay pathways. We modeled this class of truncation mutation using the pathogenic RUNX1 R320* mutation found in both germline and sporadic hematological disease. Homozygous knock-in of RUNX1 R320* in K562 leukemia cells resulted in a megakaryocytic differentiation block and DNA damage sensitivity phenotypes. Gene expression analysis demonstrated that RUNX1 R320* dysregulated unique gene sets when compared to RUNX1 knockdown in addition to shared genes related to megakaryocyte and platelet function. DNA binding across the genome was examined between RUNX1 wild-type and RUNX1 R320* through ChIP-seq, revealing that RUNX1 R320* differential binding was most enriched at enhancer regions. To detect RUNX1 R320* dysregulated enhancer-promoter (E-P) connections we performed GRID-seq and uncovered extensive remodeling of E-P interactions genome-wide in RUNX1 R320* cells. Furthermore, we uncovered a novel role for FOXK2 at RUNX1 regulated enhancers. Analysis of the well-studied MYC enhancer region demonstrated cooperation between RUNX1 R320* and FOXK2 at hematopoietic MYC enhancers NDME and BENC resulting in the significant upregulation of the MYC oncogene. In conclusion, the truncation of RUNX1 results in impaired megakaryocytic differentiation, unique transcriptional alterations, and remodeling of enhancer-promoter connections in cooperation with FOXK2, together contributing to leukemogenesis.
2024-05-29 | GSE236638 | GEO
Project description:Inherited thrombocytopenia results in low platelet counts and increased bleeding. Subsets of these patients have monoallelic germline mutations in ETV6 or RUNX1 and a heightened risk of developing hematologic malignancies. Utilizing CRISPR/Cas9, we compared the in vitro phenotype of hematopoietic progenitor cells and megakaryocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines harboring mutations in either ETV6 or RUNX1. Both mutant lines display phenotypes consistent with a platelet-bleeding disorder. Surprisingly, these cellular phenotypes were largely distinct. The ETV6-mutant iPSCs yield more hematopoietic progenitor cells and megakaryocytes, but the megakaryocytes are immature and less responsive to agonist stimulation. On the contrary, RUNX1-mutant iPSCs yield fewer hematopoietic progenitor cells and megakaryocytes, but the megakaryocytes are more responsive to agonist stimulation. However, both mutant iPSC lines display defects in proplatelet formation. Our work highlights that while patients harboring germline ETV6 or RUNX1 mutations have similar clinical phenotypes, the molecular mechanisms may be distinct.
2021-03-06 | GSE168326 | GEO
Project description:Germline, mono-allelic mutations in RUNX1 cause familial platelet disorder (RUNX1-FPD) that evolves into myeloid malignancy (FPD-MM): MDS or AML. FPD-MM commonly harbors co-mutations in the second RUNX1 allele and/or other epigenetic regulators. Here we utilized patient-derived (PD) FPD-MM cells and established the first FPD-MM AML cell line (GMR-AML1). GMR-AML1 cells exhibited active super-enhancers of MYB, MYC, BCL2 and CDK6, augmented expressions of c-Myc, c-Myb, EVI1 and PLK1 and surface markers of AML stem cells. In longitudinally studied bone marrow cells from a patient at FPD-MM vs RUNX1-FPD state, we confirmed increased chromatin accessibility and mRNA expressions of MYB, MECOM and BCL2 in FPD-MM cells. GMR-AML1 and PD FPD-MM cells were sensitive to homoharringtonine (HHT or omacetaxine) or mebendazole-induced lethality, associated with repression of c-Myc, EVI1, PLK1, CDK6 and MCL1. Co-treatment with MB and the PLK1 inhibitor volasertib exerted synergistic in vitro lethality in GMR-AML1 cells. In luciferase-expressing GMR-AML1 xenograft model, MB, omacetaxine or volasertib monotherapy, or co-treatment with MB and volasertib, significantly reduced AML burden and improved survival in the immune-depleted mice. These findings highlight the molecular features of FPD-MM progression and demonstrate HHT, MB and/or volasertib as effective agents against cellular models of FPD-MM.
2024-02-01 | GSE252739 | GEO
Project description:Germline, mono-allelic mutations in RUNX1 cause familial platelet disorder (RUNX1-FPD) that evolves into myeloid malignancy (FPD-MM): MDS or AML. FPD-MM commonly harbors co-mutations in the second RUNX1 allele and/or other epigenetic regulators. Here we utilized patient-derived (PD) FPD-MM cells and established the first FPD-MM AML cell line (GMR-AML1). GMR-AML1 cells exhibited active super-enhancers of MYB, MYC, BCL2 and CDK6, augmented expressions of c-Myc, c-Myb, EVI1 and PLK1 and surface markers of AML stem cells. In longitudinally studied bone marrow cells from a patient at FPD-MM vs RUNX1-FPD state, we confirmed increased chromatin accessibility and mRNA expressions of MYB, MECOM and BCL2 in FPD-MM cells. GMR-AML1 and PD FPD-MM cells were sensitive to homoharringtonine (HHT or omacetaxine) or mebendazole-induced lethality, associated with repression of c-Myc, EVI1, PLK1, CDK6 and MCL1. Co-treatment with MB and the PLK1 inhibitor volasertib exerted synergistic in vitro lethality in GMR-AML1 cells. In luciferase-expressing GMR-AML1 xenograft model, MB, omacetaxine or volasertib monotherapy, or co-treatment with MB and volasertib, significantly reduced AML burden and improved survival in the immune-depleted mice. These findings highlight the molecular features of FPD-MM progression and demonstrate HHT, MB and/or volasertib as effective agents against cellular models of FPD-MM.
2024-02-01 | GSE252745 | GEO