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MiR-204 blocks MYCN expression and is a novel a tumor suppressor in neuroblastoma tumorigenesis

ABSTRACT: Neuroblastoma is a pediatric cancer of the sympathetic nervous system. MYCN amplification is a key indicator of poor prognosis for the disease, however, mechanisms by which MYCN promotes neuroblastoma tumorigenesis are not fully understood. In this study, we analyzed global miRNA and mRNA expression profiles of tissues at different stages of tumorigenesis from TH-MYCN transgenic mice, a model of MYCN-driven neuroblastoma. Based on a Bayesian learning network model in which we compared pre-tumor ganglia from TH-MYCN+/+ mice to age-matched wild-type controls, we devised a predicted miRNA-mRNA interaction network. Among the miRNA-mRNA interactions operating during human neuroblastoma tumorigenesis, we identified that miR-204 is a tumor suppressor miRNA that inhibits a subnetwork of oncogenes strongly associated with MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma and poor patient outcome. Accordingly, we found that MYCN was bound to the miR-204 promoter and repressed miR-204 transcription, while in contrast, miR-204 directly bound MYCN mRNA and repressed MYCN expression. In support of a tumor suppressor role, miR-204 overexpression significantly inhibited neuroblastoma cell proliferation in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo. Together these findings identify novel tumorigenic miRNA gene networks and miR-204 as a tumor suppressor that regulates MYCN expression in neuroblastoma tumorigenesis.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE100658 | GEO | 2018/06/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Homo sapiens

Project description:miR-204 blocks MYCN expression and is a novel a tumor suppressor in neuroblastoma tumorigenesis

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Quantitative proteomics and bioinformatics analyses reveal the mechanism of pan-aurora kinase inhibitor tozasertib in neuroblastoma

Project description:Neuroblastoma is the third most common pediatric cancer and is responsible for approximately 15% of all childhood cancer deaths (Maris & Matthay, 1999). In our analysis, we found that poor patient survival with increasing mRNA expression level of AURKA and AURKB in Mycn-amplified neuroblastoma. In the light of this evidence, we were able to find possibilities of existing inhibitors for therapy. According to the following experiments, we found that tozasertib, a pan-Aurora kinase inhibitor, has high therapeutic potential in neuroblastoma treatment. First, we performed in vitro experiments to reveal that tozasertib suppressed cell proliferation in multiple Mycn-amplified neuroblastoma cell lines. Next, we evaluated ex vivo not only in Mycn-amplified neuroblastoma xenograft mouse model but also TH-Mycn transgenic mouse model. The results showed that tozasertib significantly inhibited the tumor growth and prolonged the survival probability in both animal models. Finally, we explored the mechanism of tozasertib-treated tissues in two animal models by iTRAQ proteomic.

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Project description:TH-MYCN transgenic (Tg) mice are the model for neuroblastoma. One of the sympathetic ganglia is the origin of neuroblastoma in those mice. The tumor incidences of homozygotes and hemizygotes are 100% and 70-80%, respectively. The involvement of midkine (Mdk), a tumor-related growth factor, was also examined by knockout mice. Ganglia and tumor tissues were dissected from several genotypes of mice (MYCN Tg homozygote and hemizygote, knockout (KO) of Mdk gene). In some of cases, we cultured neurosphere and tumorsphere. The mRNA extracted from those samples were subjected to Affymetrix microarrays.

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Expression data from neuroblastoma of TH-MYCN/KI RetM919T mice

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The genetics of splicing in neuroblastoma

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Project description:In order to investigate the chromosomal alterations (gains or losses) of tumor tissuees developed in TH-MYCN mice, a neuroblastoma model, we carried out array comparative genomic hybridization. We investigated whether chromosomal alterations occured in the tumor tissues developed in the abdomen of TH-MYCN hemizygote mice.

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miRNA and Wilms' tumor

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The transcriptional co-repressor Runx1t1 is essential for N-Myc-driven neuroblastoma tumorigenesis [ChIP-Seq]

Project description:Changes in epigenetic regulation are believed to be a major contributing factor to neuroblastoma development. Using a large-scale in vivo mutagenesis screen in Th-MYCN transgenic mice, we identified a single point mutation in the transcriptional corepressor Runx1t1, that can block N-Myc-driven neuroblastoma tumorigenesis. The loss of function mutation disrupts a highly conserved zinc finger domain (NHR4) within Runx1t1. Crossing an independent Runx1t1 knockout model with Th-MYCN mice, demonstrated that Runx1t1 haploinsufficiency is enough to prevent neuroblastoma development and reverse ganglia hyperplasia. Silencing RUNX1T1 in human neuroblastoma cells resulted in decreased colony formation in vitro, and significant inhibition of tumor growth in vivo. Our results show that RUNX1T1 forms part of a transcriptional LSD1-CoREST3-HDAC repressive complex that regulates the epigenomic landscape and chromatin accessibility, to control neuron-specific pathway genes and maintain an undifferentiated state. Runx1t1 thus represents an entirely novel and highly promising target not previously described in neuroblastoma.

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