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Targeted inhibition of STAT/TET1 axis as a potent therapeutic strategy for acute myeloid leukemia

ABSTRACT: Effective therapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains an unmet need. DNA methylcytosine dioxygenase Ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) is a critical oncoprotein in AML. Through a series of data analysis and drug screening, we identified two compounds (i.e., NSC-311068 and NSC-370284) that selectively suppress TET1 transcription and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) modification, and effectively inhibit cell viability in AML with high level expression of TET1 (i.e., TET1-high AML), including AML carrying t(11q23)/MLL-rearrangements and t(8;21) AML. NSC-311068 and especially NSC-370284 significantly repressed TET1-high AML progression in vivo. UC-514321, a structural analog of NSC-370284, exhibited a more potent therapeutic effect and prolonged the median survival of TET1-high AML mice over three folds. NSC-370284 and UC-514321 both directly target STAT3/5, transcriptional activators of TET1, and thus repress TET1 expression. They also exhibit strong synergistic effects with standard chemotherapy. Our results highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting the STAT/TET1 axis by selective inhibitors in AML treatment.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE101480 | GEO | 2018/01/12

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA394528

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Targeted inhibition of TET1 transcription as a potent therapeutic strategy for acute myeloid leukemia

Project description:Effective therapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains an unmet need. DNA methylcytosine dioxygenase Ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) is a potent oncogene in AML. Through a series of data analysis and drug screening, we identified two compounds (i.e., NSC-311068 and NSC-370284) that selectively suppress TET1 transcription and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) modification, and effectively inhibit cell viability in AML with high level expression of TET1 (i.e., TET1-high AML), including AML carrying t(11q23)/MLL-rearrangements and t(8;21) AML. NSC-311068 and especially NSC-370284 significantly repressed TET1-high AML progression in vivo. UC-514321, an optimized derivative of NSC-370284, exhibited an even more potent therapeutic effect and prolonged the median survival of TET1-high AML mice over three folds. NSC-370284 and its derivative showed strong synergistic effects with standard chemotherapy. NSC-370284 directly targeted STAT3/5, transcriptional activators of TET1, and thus repressed TET1 expression. Our results highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting the STAT/TET1 axis by selective inhibitors in AML treatment.

2018-01-12 | GSE97407 | GEO

Opioid receptor signaling suppresses leukemia by inducing TET-dependent DNA demethylation [5hmC-seq]

Project description:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a group of heterogeneous diseases with high malignancy. The ten-eleven translocation (TET) mediated DNA demethylation was known to be critically associated with AML pathogenesis. Through chemical compound screening, we found an opioid receptor agonist, namely loperamide hydrochloride (OPA1), most significantly suppressed AML cell viability. The potential therapeutic effects of opioid receptor agonists, especially OPA1, were then verified in AML cells in vitro, and AML mouse models carrying t(11q23) and t(8;21) in vivo. OPA1-induced activation of OPRM1 enhanced the transcription of TET2, increased DNA 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) modification, and in turn, activated NFκB signaling. Notably, AML with TET2 mutations or chemotherapy resistance were sensitive to OPA1. Our results unveiled the previously unappreciated OPRM1-TET2-5hmC-TRAF2 regulatory axis in AML, and highlighted the therapeutic potential of opioid agonists, particularly OPA1, a FDA-approved antidiarrheal drug, in treating AML, especially TET2 mutated AML and chemotherapy-resistant AML, which were known to have poor prognosis.

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Opioid receptor signaling suppresses leukemia by inducing TET-dependent DNA demethylation [RNA-seq]

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Opioid receptor signaling suppresses leukemia by inducing TET-dependent DNA demethylation

Project description:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a type of heterogeneous and fatal hematopoietic malignancy. The ten-eleven translocation (TET) mediated DNA demethylation is known to be critically associated with AML pathogenesis. Through chemical compound screening, we found that the opioid receptor agonist, loperamide hydrochloride (OPA1), significantly suppresses AML cell viability. The potential therapeutic effects of opioid receptor agonists, especially OPA1, were then verified in AML cells in vitro, and t(11q23) and t(8;21) AML mouse models in vivo. OPA1-induced activation of OPRM1 enhanced the transcription of TET2, increased DNA 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) modification, and in turn, activated NFκB signaling. Notably, AML with TET2 mutations or chemotherapy resistance were highly sensitive to OPA1. Our results reveal a previously unknown OPRM1-TET2-5hmC-TRAF2 regulatory axis in AML, and suggest that opioid agonists, particularly OPA1, an FDA-approved antidiarrheal drug, have therapeutic potential in AML, especially in TET2 mutated and chemotherapy-resistant AML, which have a poor prognosis.

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Opioid receptor signaling suppresses leukemia by inducing TET-dependent DNA demethylation [ChIP-seq]

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Molecular characterization of AML with ins(21;8)(q22;q22q22) reveals similarity to t(8;21) AML

Project description:In acute myeloid leukemia (AML) non-random clonal chromosome aberrations are detectable in ~55% of adults with AML. Translocation t(8;21)(q22;q22) resulting in the 5'RUNX1/3'RUNX1T1 fusion gene occurs in ~8% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases. Also, insertions ins(8;21) and ins(21;8) have been described that show a broad heterogeneity at the molecular level with inserted fragment sizes ranging from 2.4 to 44 Mb. Microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (arrayCGH) in 49 intermediate-risk AML and RT-PCR-based screening in 532 AML cases allowed the detection of ins(21;8)/ins(8;21) in three cases; arrayCGH and subsequent RT-PCR revealed an ~0.5 Mb sized inserted fragment generating the 5'RUNX1/3'RUNX1T1 fusion gene in one case with a submicroscopic ins(21;8)(q22;q22q22) whereas the other two cases were identified by banding analysis and RT-PCR, respectively. Gene expression profiling (GEP) and a detailed review of the literature highlighted similar biological features of AML cases with ins(21;8)/ins(8;21) and t(8;21)(q22;q22). Our study demonstrates the potential of high-resolution array-based analysis and GEP and provides further evidence that AML with insertions generating the 5'RUNX1/3'RUNX1T1 fusion not only biologically resemble the t(8;21)(q22;q22) AML subgroup, but might also share their prognostically favorable clinical behavior. Thus, similar treatment options should be considered in these patients. An all pairs experiment design type is where all labeled extracts are compared to every other labeled extract.

2010-10-26 | E-GEOD-24384 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Molecular characterization of AML with ins(21;8)(q22;q22q22) reveals similarity to t(8;21) AML

2010-10-26 | GSE24384 | GEO

A miRNA-based signature associated to relapse in pediatric t(8;21)RUNX1-RUNX1T1

Project description:We performed genome wide miRNA expression analysis to investigate the ability of miRNAs in predicting leukemia relapse from 33 t(8;21) pediatric AMLs at diagnosis divided into a training and a validation cohort. COX regression analysis and ROC curves were used to identify a powerful miRNA signature able to predict relapse in t(8;21) AML patients. miRNA profiling showed that patients with high- or low- risk of relapse had different expression profiles. We support the role of microRNAs in modulating the prognosis of t(8;21)-AML and the use of a miRNA expression signature at diagnosis to better define standard risk cases in pediatric AML.

2017-09-14 | GSE97135 | GEO

MicroRNA expression profiles between high and low TET1 expressers with AML

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Classification of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia based on miRNA expression profiles

Project description:Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease with respect to biology as well as outcome. In this study, we investigated whether known biological subgroups of pediatric AML are reflected by a common microRNA (miRNA) expression pattern. We assayed 665 miRNAs in 165 pediatric AML samples. First, unsupervised clustering was performed to identify patient clusters with common miRNA expression profiles. Our analysis unraveled 14 clusters, seven of which had a known (cyto-)genetic denominator. Finally, a robust classifier was constructed to discriminate six known molecular aberration groups: 11q23-rearrangements, t(8;21)(q22;q22), inv(16)(p13q22), t(15;17)(q21;q22), NPM1 and CEBPA mutations. The classifier achieved accuracies of 89%, 95%, 95%, 98%, 91% and 96%, respectively. Although lower sensitivities were obtained for the NPM1 and CEBPA (32% and 66%), relatively high sensitivities (84%-94%) were attained for the rest. Specificity was high in all groups (87%-100%). Due to a robust double-loop cross validation procedure we employed, the classifier only used expression of 47 miRNAs to generate the aforementioned accuracies. To validate the 47 miRNA signatures, we applied them to a publicly available adult AML dataset. Despite partial overlap of miRNA platforms and known molecular differences between pediatric and adult AML, the signatures performed reasonably well. This corroborates our claim that the reported miRNA signatures are not dominated by sample size bias in the pediatric AML dataset. We conclude that cytogenetic subtypes of pediatric AML have distinct miRNA expression patterns. Note that, reproducibility of the miRNA signatures in adult dataset suggests that the respective aberrations have a similar biology both in pediatric and adult AML

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