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FABP4 overexpressed in intratumoral hepatic stellate cells within hepatocellular carcinoma with metabolic risk factors (part 1)

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND & AIMS: Metabolic syndrome is a newly identified risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), however the molecular mechanisms still remain unclear. To elucidate this issue, cross-species analysis was performed to compare gene expression patterns of HCC from human patients and melanocortin 4 receptor-knockout (MC4R-KO) mice, developing HCC with obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. METHODS: Unsupervised hierarchical clustering and principle component analysis of 746 differentially expressed orthologous genes classified HCC of 152 human patients and MC4R-KO mice into two distinct subgroups, one of which included all the mouse HCC was etiologically associated with metabolic risk factors, such as obesity and diabetes. A specific biomarker was identified by the integrative analysis, and validated with in vitro studies and other cohort patients. RESULTS: As commonly overexpressed in human and mouse metabolic disease-associated HCC, FABP4 was remarkably enriched in intratumoral activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Then, we established subclones constitutively expressing FABP4 from a human HSC cell line, in which the expression levels of inflammatory chemokines including IL1A and IL6 was upregulated through NF-κB nuclear translocation. An immunohistochemical validation study of other 106 human HCC samples indicated that FABP4-positive HSCs were distributed in tumors of 38 cases, and that the FABP4-high group was composed of patients with non-viral and non-alcoholic HCC (P=0.027) and with multiple metabolic risk factors (P<0.001) compared with the FABP4-low. CONCLUSIONS: FABP4 overexpression in HSCs could contribute to hepatocellular carcinogenesis in patients with metabolic risk factors via modulation of inflammatory pathway, and is a promising novel biomarker as well as a potential therapeutic target for this subtype of HCC.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE102079 | GEO | 2018/01/28

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Characterizing the metabolic changes pertaining to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with liver cirrhosis is believed to contribute towards early detection, treatment, and understanding of the molecular mechanisms of HCC. In this study, we compare metabolite levels in sera of 78 HCC cases with 184 cirrhotic controls by using ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with a hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF MS). Following data preprocessing, the most relevant ions in distinguishing HCC cases from patients with cirrhosis are selected by parametric and non-parametric statistical methods. Putative metabolite identifications for these ions are obtained through mass-based database search. Verification of the identities of selected metabolites is conducted by comparing their MS/MS fragmentation patterns and retention time with those from authentic compounds. Quantitation of these metabolites is performed in a subset of the serum samples (10 HCC and 10 cirrhosis) using isotope dilution by selected reaction monitoring (SRM) on triple quadrupole linear ion trap (QqQLIT) and triple quadrupole (QqQ) mass spectrometers. The results of this analysis confirm that metabolites involved in sphingolipid metabolism and phospholipid catabolism such as sphingosine-1-phosphate (S-1-P) and lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC 17:0) are up-regulated in sera of HCC vs. those with liver cirrhosis. Down-regulated metabolites include those involved in bile acid biosynthesis (specifically cholesterol metabolism) such as glycochenodeoxycholic acid 3-sulfate (3-sulfo-GCDCA), glycocholic acid (GCA), glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA), taurocholic acid (TCA), and taurochenodeoxycholate (TCDCA). These results provide useful insights into HCC biomarker discovery utilizing metabolomics as an efficient and cost-effective platform. Our work shows that metabolomic profiling is a promising tool to identify candidate metabolic biomarkers for early detection of HCC cases in high risk population of cirrhotic patients.

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FABP4 overexpressed in intratumoral hepatic stellate cells within hepatocellular carcinoma with metabolic risk factors (part 1)

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