Enhancer analysis of rat cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts reveals a collaborative control by transcription factor families [ATAC-Seq]
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus
PROVIDER: GSE102529 | GEO | 2018/02/06
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:We used a differential open chromatin approach, coupled with active enhancer mark ,transcriptomic and computational TFs binding analysis to map cell-type-specific active enhancers in cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes, and outline the TFs that control them. We identified Tead, Sox9, Smad, Tcf, Meis, Rbpj, and Runx1 as the main cardiac fibroblasts TF groups. Our analysis shows that in cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts, distal enhancers, containing concentrated combinatorial clusters of multiple tissue expressed TFs recognition motifs, are combinatorically clustered around tissue specific genes.
2018-02-06 | GSE102531 | GEO
Project description:We used a differential open chromatin approach, coupled with active enhancer mark ,transcriptomic and computational TFs binding analysis to map cell-type-specific active enhancers in cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes, and outline the TFs that control them. We identified Tead, Sox9, Smad, Tcf, Meis, Rbpj, and Runx1 as the main cardiac fibroblasts TF groups. Our analysis shows that in cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts, distal enhancers, containing concentrated combinatorial clusters of multiple tissue expressed TFs recognition motifs, are combinatorically clustered around tissue specific genes.
2018-02-06 | GSE102530 | GEO
Project description:Fibroblasts can be directly reprogrammed toward a cardiac fate by introducing cardiogenic transcription factors (TFs), although the underlying mechanisms of the cardiac reprogramming process remain unclear. Three cardiac TFs, GATA4, MEF2C, and Tbx5 (referred to as GMT) can activate cardiac genes in fibroblasts and their cardiogenic activity is enhanced by the Hand2 TF and the Akt1 kinase. To understand the mechanistic basis of cardiac reprogramming, we performed a genome-wide analysis of cardiogenic TF binding sites and active enhancers, which were annotated by H3K27ac histone modification, during the reprogramming process. We found that cardiogenic TFs rapidly co-occupy core regulatory elements of cardiac genes and activate myriad cardiac enhancers that are enriched predominantly in Mef2 binding sites. Addition of Hand2 and Akt1 to the GMT reprogramming cocktail expands the spectrum of co-occupied active cardiac enhancers. As reprogramming proceeds over time, reprogramming TFs continue to activate additional cardiac enhancers, which are also enriched for Mef2 motifs, while fibroblast enhancers are silenced. This transition of the enhancer landscape strongly correlated with changes in the fibroblast and cardiac transcriptome. To test the relevance of cardiac reprogramming enhancers to the regulation of cardiogenesis in vivo, we assayed a collection of reprogramming enhancers in transgenic mouse embryos and found that they directed highly specific expression patterns in the developing heart. Our findings demonstrate that Hand2 and Akt1 enhance reprogramming by facilitating cardiac enhancer occupancy and identify Mef2 as a central effector of cardiac reprogramming, which coordinates the actions of accessory factors across a broad landscape of cardiac enhancers.
2019-04-15 | GSE112316 | GEO
Project description:Fibroblasts can be directly reprogrammed toward a cardiac fate by introducing cardiogenic transcription factors (TFs), although the underlying mechanisms of the cardiac reprogramming process remain unclear. Three cardiac TFs, GATA4, MEF2C, and Tbx5 (referred to as GMT) can activate cardiac genes in fibroblasts and their cardiogenic activity is enhanced by the Hand2 TF and the Akt1 kinase. To understand the mechanistic basis of cardiac reprogramming, we performed a genome-wide analysis of cardiogenic TF binding sites and active enhancers, which were annotated by H3K27ac histone modification, during the reprogramming process. We found that cardiogenic TFs rapidly co-occupy core regulatory elements of cardiac genes and activate myriad cardiac enhancers that are enriched predominantly in Mef2 binding sites. Addition of Hand2 and Akt1 to the GMT reprogramming cocktail expands the spectrum of co-occupied active cardiac enhancers. As reprogramming proceeds over time, reprogramming TFs continue to activate additional cardiac enhancers, which are also enriched for Mef2 motifs, while fibroblast enhancers are silenced. This transition of the enhancer landscape strongly correlated with changes in the fibroblast and cardiac transcriptome. To test the relevance of cardiac reprogramming enhancers to the regulation of cardiogenesis in vivo, we assayed a collection of reprogramming enhancers in transgenic mouse embryos and found that they directed highly specific expression patterns in the developing heart. Our findings demonstrate that Hand2 and Akt1 enhance reprogramming by facilitating cardiac enhancer occupancy and identify Mef2 as a central effector of cardiac reprogramming, which coordinates the actions of accessory factors across a broad landscape of cardiac enhancers.
2019-04-15 | GSE112315 | GEO
Project description:Enhancer analysis of rat cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts reveals a collaborative control by transcription factor families
| PRJNA397976 | ENA
Project description:Cells were reprogrammed from cardiac fibroblasts to cardiomyocytes, in various conditions. These are the iCM cells (induced cardiomyocytes). There are both human and mouse arrays here, as seen below. Microarrays were used to measure the overall degree to which cellular repogramming was successful, by comparing the reprogrammed cells to reference populations of cardiomyocytes (CMs) and cardiac fibroblasts (CFs).
2013-07-26 | E-GEOD-49192 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Growth and expansion of ventricular chambers is essential during cardiogenesis and is achieved by proliferation of cardiac progenitors that are not fully differentiated. Disruption of this process can lead to prenatal lethality. In contrast, adult cardiomyocytes achieve growth through hypertrophy rather than hyperplasia. Although epicardial-derived signals may contribute to the proliferative process in myocytes, the factors and cell types responsible for development of the ventricular myocardial thickness are unclear. Moreover, the function of embryonic cardiac fibroblasts, derived from epicardium, and their secreted factors are largely unknown. Using a novel co-culture system, we found that embryonic cardiac fibroblasts induced proliferation of cardiomyocytes, in contrast to adult cardiac fibroblasts that promoted myocyte hypertrophy. We identified fibronectin, collagen and heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor as embryonic cardiac fibroblast-specific signals that collaboratively promoted cardiomyocyte proliferation in a paracrine fashion. b1 integrin was required for this proliferative response, and ventricular cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of b1 integrin in mice resulted in reduced myocardial proliferation and impaired ventricular compaction. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized paracrine function of embryonic cardiac fibroblasts in regulating cardiomyocyte proliferation. To identify candidate fibroblast-derived factors that promote myocyte proliferation, we isolated RNA from Nkx-YFP+ cardiomyocytes, embryonic cardiac fibroblasts, and adult cardiac fibroblasts and profiled mRNA expressions by microarray analyses. Arrays were performed using Affymetrix mouse Gene 1.0 ST arrays. Analysis was performed on three biological replicates of mouse embyonic cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts and adult cardiac fibroblasts.
2009-01-14 | E-GEOD-14412 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Newborn mammalian cardiomyocytes quickly transition from a fetal to an adult phenotype that utilizes mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation but loses mitotic capacity. We tested whether forced reversal of adult cardiomyocytes back to a fetal glycolytic phenotype would restore proliferative capacity. We deleted Uqcrfs1 (mitochondrial Rieske Iron-Sulfur protein, RISP) in hearts of adult mice. As RISP protein decreased, heart mitochondrial function declined and glucose utilization increased. Simultaneously, they underwent hyperplastic remodeling during which cardiomyocyte number doubled without cellular hypertrophy. Cellular energy supply was preserved, AMPK activation was absent, and mTOR activation was evident. In ischemic hearts with RISP deletion, new cardiomyocytes migrated into the infarcted region, suggesting the potential for therapeutic cardiac regeneration. RNA-seq revealed upregulation of genes associated with cardiac development and proliferation. Metabolomic analysis revealed a decrease in alpha-ketoglutarate (required for TET-mediated demethylation) and an increase in S-adenosylmethionine (required for methyltransferase activity). Analysis revealed an increase in methylated CpGs near gene transcriptional start sites. Genes that were both differentially expressed and differentially methylated were linked to upregulated cardiac developmental pathways. We conclude that decreased mitochondrial function and increased glucose utilization can restore mitotic capacity in adult cardiomyocytes resulting in the generation of new heart cells, potentially through the modification of substrates that regulate epigenetic modification of genes required for proliferation.
2024-04-30 | GSE264439 | GEO
Project description:Background: Direct cardiac reprogramming of fibroblasts into cardiomyocytes has emerged as one of the promising strategies to remuscularize the injured myocardium. Yet, it is still insufficient to generate functional induced cardiomyocytes (iCMs) from human fibroblasts using conventional reprogramming cocktails, such as our previously published combination consisting of MEF2C, GATA4, TBX5 and microRNA miR-133 (MGT133). Results: To discover potential missing factors for human direct reprogramming, we performed transcriptomic comparison between human iCMs and functional cardiomyocytes (CMs). We identified T-box transcription factor TBX20 as the top CM gene that is unable to be activated by MGT133. TBX20 is required for normal heart development and cardiac function in adult CMs but its role on cardiac reprogramming remains undefined. Here, we found that transduction of MGT133+TBX20 in human cardiac fibroblasts resulted in enhanced reprogramming featured with significantly activated contractility gene programs and signatures more similar to ventricular CMs. Human iCMs produced with MGT133+TBX20 more frequently demonstrated beating and calcium oscillation in co-culture with pluripotent stem cell derived CMs. More mitochondria and higher mitochondrial respiration were also detected in iCMs after TBX20 overexpression. Mechanistically, comprehensive transcriptomic, chromatin occupancy and epigenomic integration revealed that TBX20 localized to the cis-regulatory enhancers of under-expressed cardiac genes, such as MYBPC3, MYH7 and MYL4, to activate gene expression via strengthening the occupancy and co-occupancy of transcription factors. Furthermore, we identified TBX20-regulated enhancers and confirmed the synergistic effect of MGT and TBX20 on enhancer activation. Conclusions: TBX20 promotes cardiac cell fate conversion via direct activating cardiac enhancers. Human iCMs generated with TBX20 showed enhanced cardiac function in terms of contractility and mitochondrial respiration.
2022-09-14 | GSE193908 | GEO
Project description:Background: Direct cardiac reprogramming of fibroblasts into cardiomyocytes has emerged as one of the promising strategies to remuscularize the injured myocardium. Yet, it is still insufficient to generate functional induced cardiomyocytes (iCMs) from human fibroblasts using conventional reprogramming cocktails, such as our previously published combination consisting of MEF2C, GATA4, TBX5 and microRNA miR-133 (MGT133). Results: To discover potential missing factors for human direct reprogramming, we performed transcriptomic comparison between human iCMs and functional cardiomyocytes (CMs). We identified T-box transcription factor TBX20 as the top CM gene that is unable to be activated by MGT133. TBX20 is required for normal heart development and cardiac function in adult CMs but its role on cardiac reprogramming remains undefined. Here, we found that transduction of MGT133+TBX20 in human cardiac fibroblasts resulted in enhanced reprogramming featured with significantly activated contractility gene programs and signatures more similar to ventricular CMs. Human iCMs produced with MGT133+TBX20 more frequently demonstrated beating and calcium oscillation in co-culture with pluripotent stem cell derived CMs. More mitochondria and higher mitochondrial respiration were also detected in iCMs after TBX20 overexpression. Mechanistically, comprehensive transcriptomic, chromatin occupancy and epigenomic integration revealed that TBX20 localized to the cis-regulatory enhancers of under-expressed cardiac genes, such as MYBPC3, MYH7 and MYL4, to activate gene expression via strengthening the occupancy and co-occupancy of transcription factors. Furthermore, we identified TBX20-regulated enhancers and confirmed the synergistic effect of MGT and TBX20 on enhancer activation. Conclusions: TBX20 promotes cardiac cell fate conversion via direct activating cardiac enhancers. Human iCMs generated with TBX20 showed enhanced cardiac function in terms of contractility and mitochondrial respiration.
2022-09-14 | GSE193809 | GEO