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Diet-Induced Obesity Leads to Infarct Expansion, increased neuroinflammation, and Worsened Outcomes after Stroke

ABSTRACT: We used RNA-seq to show that high-fat-diet-fed mice have a larger neuroinflammatory response following stroke. Elucidating these mechanisms may lead to the development of treatments that will benefit people with obesity who suffer from a stroke.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE104882 | GEO | 2018/05/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Diet-Induced Obesity Leads to Infarct Expansion, increased neuroinflammation, and Worsened Outcomes after Stroke

Project description:Diet-Induced Obesity Leads to Infarct Expansion, increased neuroinflammation, and Worsened Outcomes after Stroke

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Expansion of Plasma MicroRNAs over the First Month Following Human Stroke

Project description:Few have characterized miRNA expression during the transition from injury to neural repair and secondary neurodegeneration following stroke in humans. We compared expression of 754 miRNAs from plasma samples collected 5, 15, and 30 days post-ischemic stroke from a discovery cohort (n=55) and 15-days post-ischemic stroke from a validation cohort (n=48) to healthy control samples (n=55 and 48 respectively) matched for age, sex, race and cardiovascular comorbidities using qRT-PCR. Eight miRNAs remained significantly altered across all time points in both cohorts including many described in acute stroke. The number of significantly dysregulated miRNAs more than doubled from post-stroke day 5 (19 miRNAs) to days 15 (50 miRNAs) and 30 (57 miRNAs). Twelve brain-enriched miRNAs were significantly altered at one or more time points (decreased expression, stroke versus controls: miR-107; increased expression: miR-99-5p, miR-127-3p, miR-128-3p, miR-181a-3p, miR-181a-5p, miR-382-5p, miR-433-3p, miR-491-5p, miR-495-3p, miR-874-3p, and miR-941). Many brain-enriched miRNAs were associated with apoptosis over the first month post-stroke whereas other miRNAs suggested a transition to synapse regulation and neuronal protection by day 30. These findings suggest that a program of decreased cellular proliferation may last at least 30 days post-stroke, and points to specific miRNAs that could contribute to neural repair in humans.

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Hsp70 protects from stroke in atrial fibrillation patients by preventing thrombosis with no increased bleeding risk

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Chromatin accessibility in peri-infarct neurons on day 4 after ischemic stroke [ATAC-seq]

Project description:To investigate chromatin accessibility in peri-infarct neurons on day 4 after ischemic stroke, we performed assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing (ATAC-seq) in peri-infarct neurons from Padi4 non-dificient mice.

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Esketamine Enhances Post-Stroke Microglial Proliferation and Attenuates Neuroinflammation by Disrupting the Src-Pannexin1 Interaction

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Project description:To investigate distribution of histone-H3-citrullinated sites in peri-infarct neurons on day 4 after ischemic stroke and sham-operated mice, we performed cleavage under targets and tagmentation (CUT&Tag) assay for citrullinated histone H3 of peri-infarct neurons from Padi4-dificient or control mice .

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Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis of Astrocytes 12 Hours after Ischemic Stroke.

Project description:Reactive astrocytes are detrimental or protective in ischemic stroke. However, the mechanisms of these effects are not entirely clear. We investigated the heterogeneity of mice astrocytes 12 h after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion via Single-cell RNA sequencing. We acquired astrocyte subclusters’ transcriptional characteristics involving diversified functions. We identified 9 genes as potential therapeutic targets and 6 genes were specific to astrocyte subcluster 2. Additionally, we explored the effects of melatonin and stattic on the transformation of astrocytes to the A2 phenotype. TTC stain, grip strength test and immunofluorescence were used. We revealed melatonin promoted the transformation of astrocytes to the A2 phenotype, the effect was related to STAT3 and inhibited by Stattic. Our study may lay a foundation for untangling the difference between astrocyte subclusters 12 h after stroke and elucidating the mechanisms of A2 astrocyte transformation 3 d after stroke.

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Hsp70 protects from stroke in atrial fibrillation patients by preventing thrombosis with no increased bleeding risk

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Project description:Blood from subjects with cardioembolic stroke and controls was collected, and the RNA extracted was interrogated and whole genome U133 Affymetrix Arrays. Twenty-three control samples and sixty-nine cardioembolic stroke samples were assayed. Blood from subjects with cardioembolic stroke and controls was collected, and the RNA extracted was interrogated and whole genome U133 Affymetrix Arrays. Twenty-three control samples and sixty-nine cardioembolic stroke samples were assayed. Cardioembolic stroke subjects were analyzed at three time points: less than 3 hours, 5 hours, and 24 hours following the event.

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