Similar Datasets
Project description:Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) plays important roles in morphological differentiation and development in eukaryotes. In filamentous fungi, however, little is known about lncRNAs and their roles in sexual development. Here we describe sexual stage-induced lncRNAs during the formation of perithecium, the sexual fruiting body of Fusarium graminearum. We identified 547 lncRNAs whose expression were developmental stage-specific; about 40% of them peaked during ascus development, when meiosis occurs. A large fraction of the lncRNAs were found to be antisense to mRNAs, forming 300 sense–antisense pairs. Although small RNAs were produced from these overlapped loci, most of the antisense lncRNAs appeared not to be involved in gene silencing pathways. Rather, the expression of antisense lncRNA and sense mRNA pairs tended to be induced in parallel as the perithecium matured. To identify regulatory components for lncRNA expression, we analyzed mutants defective in the nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) pathway. A subset of lncRNAs was specifically targeted by NMD, suggesting a suppressive role of NMD in lncRNA expression during vegetative growth. This study provides comprehensive resources for studying developmental lncRNA that may be important for laying out the multicellular fruiting body plan.
2018-08-16 | GSE109094 | GEO
Project description:Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) plays important roles in morphological differentiation and development in eukaryotes. In filamentous fungi, however, little is known about lncRNAs and their roles in sexual development. Here we describe sexual stage-induced lncRNAs during the formation of perithecium, the sexual fruiting body of Fusarium graminearum. We identified 547 lncRNAs whose expression were developmental stage-specific; about 40% of them peaked during ascus development, when meiosis occurs. A large fraction of the lncRNAs were found to be antisense to mRNAs, forming 300 sense–antisense pairs. Although small RNAs were produced from these overlapped loci, most of the antisense lncRNAs appeared not to be involved in gene silencing pathways. Rather, the expression of antisense lncRNA and sense mRNA pairs tended to be induced in parallel as the perithecium matured. To identify regulatory components for lncRNA expression, we analyzed mutants defective in the nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) pathway. A subset of lncRNAs was specifically targeted by NMD, suggesting a suppressive role of NMD in lncRNA expression during vegetative growth. This study provides comprehensive resources for studying developmental lncRNA that may be important for laying out the multicellular fruiting body plan.
2018-08-16 | GSE109088 | GEO
Project description:Sexual stage-induced long noncoding RNAs in the filamentous fungus Fusarium graminearum
| PRJNA429630 | ENA
Project description:Sexual stage-induced long noncoding RNAs in the filamentous fungus Fusarium graminearum [II]
| PRJNA429629 | ENA
Project description:Sexual stage-induced long noncoding RNAs in the filamentous fungus Fusarium graminearum [I]
| PRJNA429633 | ENA
Project description:Several species of the filamentous fungus Fusarium colonize plants and produce toxic small molecules that contaminate agricultural products, rendering them unsuitable for consumption. Among the most destructive of these species is F. graminearum, which causes disease in wheat and barley and often infests the grain with harmful trichothecene mycotoxins. Synthesis of these secondary metabolites is induced during plant infection or in culture in response to chemical signals. Our results show that trichothecene biosynthesis involves a complex developmental process that includes dynamic changes in cell morphology and the biogenesis of novel subcellular structures. Two cytochrome P-450 oxygenases (Tri4p and Tri1p) involved in early and late steps in trichothecene biosynthesis were tagged with fluorescent proteins and shown to co-localize to vesicles we provisionally call "toxisomes." Toxisomes, the inferred site of trichothecene biosynthesis, dynamically interact with motile vesicles containing a predicted major facilitator superfamily protein (Tri12p) previously implicated in trichothecene export and tolerance. The immediate isoprenoid precursor of trichothecenes is the primary metabolite farnesyl pyrophosphate. Changes occur in the cellular localization of the isoprenoid biosynthetic enzyme HMG CoA reductase when cultures non-induced for trichothecene biosynthesis are transferred to trichothecene biosynthesis inducing medium. Initially localized in the cellular endomembrane system, HMG CoA reductase, upon induction of trichothecene biosynthesis, increasingly is targeted to toxisomes. Metabolic pathways of primary and secondary metabolism thus may be coordinated and co-localized under conditions when trichothecene biosynthesis occurs.
| S-EPMC3646755 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucial regulators of gene expression in many biological processes, but their biological functions remain largely unknown, especially in fungi. Fusarium graminearum is an important pathogen that causes the destructive disease Fusarium head blight (FHB) or head scab disease on wheat and barley. In our previous RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) study, we discovered that lncRsp1 is an lncRNA that is located +99 bp upstream of a putative sugar transporter gene, Fgsp1, with the same transcription direction. Functional studies revealed that ΔlncRsp1 and ΔFgsp1 were normal in growth and conidiation but had defects in ascospore discharge and virulence on wheat coleoptiles. Moreover, lncRsp1 and Fgsp1 were shown to negatively regulate the expression of several deoxynivalenol (DON) biosynthesis genes, TRI4, TRI5, TRI6, and TRI13, as well as DON production. Further analysis showed that the overexpression of lncRsp1 enhanced the ability of ascospore release and increased the mRNA expression level of the Fgsp1 gene, while lncRsp1-silenced strains reduced ascospore discharge and inhibited Fgsp1 expression during the sexual reproduction stage. In addition, the lncRsp1 complementary strains lncRsp1-LC-1 and lncRsp1-LC-2 restored ascospore discharge to the level of the wild-type strain PH-1. Taken together, our results reveal the distinct and specific functions of lncRsp1 and Fgsp1 in F. graminearum and principally demonstrate that lncRsp1 can affect the release of ascospores by regulating the expression of Fgsp1.
| S-EPMC8743023 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) plays important roles in sexual development in eukaryotes. In filamentous fungi, however, little is known about the expression and roles of lncRNAs during fruiting body formation. By profiling developmental transcriptomes during the life cycle of the plant-pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum, we identified 547 lncRNAs whose expression was highly dynamic, with about 40% peaking at the meiotic stage. Many lncRNAs were found to be antisense to mRNAs, forming 300 sense-antisense pairs. Although small RNAs were produced from these overlapping loci, antisense lncRNAs appeared not to be involved in gene silencing pathways. Genome-wide analysis of small RNA clusters identified many silenced loci at the meiotic stage. However, we found transcriptionally active small RNA clusters, many of which were associated with lncRNAs. Also, we observed that many antisense lncRNAs and their respective sense transcripts were induced in parallel as the fruiting bodies matured. The nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) pathway is known to determine the fates of lncRNAs as well as mRNAs. Thus, we analyzed mutants defective in NMD and identified a subset of lncRNAs that were induced during sexual development but suppressed by NMD during vegetative growth. These results highlight the developmental stage-specific nature and functional potential of lncRNA expression in shaping the fungal fruiting bodies and provide fundamental resources for studying sexual stage-induced lncRNAs.IMPORTANCEFusarium graminearum is the causal agent of the head blight on our major staple crops, wheat and corn. The fruiting body formation on the host plants is indispensable for the disease cycle and epidemics. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) molecules are emerging as key regulatory components for sexual development in animals and plants. To date, however, there is a paucity of information on the roles of lncRNAs in fungal fruiting body formation. Here we characterized hundreds of lncRNAs that exhibited developmental stage-specific expression patterns during fruiting body formation. Also, we discovered that many lncRNAs were induced in parallel with their overlapping transcripts on the opposite DNA strand during sexual development. Finally, we found a subset of lncRNAs that were regulated by an RNA surveillance system during vegetative growth. This research provides fundamental genomic resources that will spur further investigations on lncRNAs that may play important roles in shaping fungal fruiting bodies.
| S-EPMC6094484 | biostudies-literature
Project description:RNA silencing such as quelling and meiotic silencing by unpaired DNA (MSUD) and several other classes of special small RNAs have been discovered in filamentous fungi recently. More than four different mechanisms of microRNA-like RNAs (milRNAs) production have been illustrated in the model fungus Neurospora crassa including a dicer-independent pathway. To date, very little work focusing on small RNAs in fungi has been reported and no universal or particular characteristic of milRNAs were defined clearly. In this study, small RNA and degradome libraries were constructed and subsequently deep sequenced for investigating milRNAs and their potential cleavage targets on the genome level in the filamentous fungus F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. As a result, there is no intersection of conserved miRNAs found by BLASTing against the miRBase. Further analysis showed that the small RNA population of F. oxysporum shared many common features with the small RNAs from N. crassa and other fungi. According to the known standards of miRNA prediction in plants and animals, milRNA candidates from 8 families (comprising 19 members) were screened out and identified. However, none of them could trigger target cleavage based on the degradome data. Moreover, most major signals of cleavage in transcripts could not match appropriate complementary small RNAs, suggesting that other predominant modes for milRNA-mediated gene regulation could exist in F. oxysporum. In addition, the PAREsnip program was utilized for comprehensive analysis and 3 families of small RNAs leading to transcript cleavage were experimentally validated. Altogether, our findings provided valuable information and important hints for better understanding the functions of the small RNAs and milRNAs in the fungal kingdom.
| S-EPMC4139310 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Polyketides are a class of secondary metabolites that exhibit a vast diversity of form and function. In fungi, these compounds are produced by large, multidomain enzymes classified as type I polyketide synthases (PKSs). In this study we identified and functionally disrupted 15 PKS genes from the genome of the filamentous fungus Gibberella zeae. Five of these genes are responsible for producing the mycotoxins zearalenone, aurofusarin, and fusarin C and the black perithecial pigment. A comprehensive expression analysis of the 15 genes revealed diverse expression patterns during grain colonization, plant colonization, sexual development, and mycelial growth. Expression of one of the PKS genes was not detected under any of 18 conditions tested. This is the first study to genetically characterize a complete set of PKS genes from a single organism.
| S-EPMC1287854 | biostudies-literature