Skeletal muscle response to high-intensity intermittent exercise training in young men
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE109657 | GEO | 2018/11/30
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Skeletal muscle response to high-intensity intermittent exercise training in young men
| PRJNA431609 | ENA
Project description:The molecular transducers of benefits from different exercise modalities remain incompletely defined. Here we report that 12 weeks of high-intensity aerobic interval (HIIT), resistance (RT), and combined exercise training enhanced insulin sensitivity and lean mass, but only HIIT and combined training improved aerobic capacity and skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration. HIIT revealed a more robust increase in gene transcripts than other exercise modalities, particularly in older adults, although little overlap with corresponding individual protein abundance was noted. HIIT reversed many age-related differences in the proteome, particularly of mitochondrial proteins in concert with increased mitochondrial protein synthesis. Both RT and HIIT enhanced proteins involved in translational machinery irrespective of age. Only small changes of methylation of DNA promoter regions were observed. We provide evidence for predominant exercise regulation at the translational level, enhancing translational capacity and proteome abundance to explain phenotypic gains in muscle mitochondrial function and hypertrophy in all ages.
2017-03-28 | GSE97084 | GEO
Project description:Aerobic training remodels the quantity and quality (function per unit) of skeletal muscle mitochondria to promote substrate oxidation, however, there remain key gaps in understanding the underlying mechanisms during initial training adaptations. We used short-term high-intensity interval training (HIIT) to determine changes to mitochondrial respiration and regulatory pathways that occur early in remodeling. Fifteen normal-weight sedentary adults started seven sessions of HIIT over fourteen days and fourteen participants completed the intervention. We collected vastus lateralis biopsies before and 48-hours after HIIT to determine mitochondrial respiration, RNA sequencing, and western blotting for proteins of mitochondrial respiration and degradation via autophagy. HIIT increased respiration per mitochondrial protein for lipid (+23% P=0.020), complex I (+18%, P=0.0015), complex I+II (+14%, P<0.0001) and complex II (+24% P<0.0001). Transcripts that increased with HIIT identified several gene sets of mitochondrial respiration, particularly for complex I, while transcripts that decreased identified pathways of DNA and chromatin remodeling. HIIT lowered protein abundance of autophagy markers for p62 (-19%, P=0.012) and LC3 II/I (-20%, P=0.004) in whole-tissue lysates but not isolated mitochondria. Meal tolerance testing revealed HIIT increased the change in whole-body respiratory exchange ratio and lowered cumulative plasma insulin concentrations. Gene transcripts and respiratory function indicate remodeling of mitochondria within 2 weeks of HIIT. Overall changes are consistent with increased protein quality driving rapid improvements in substrate oxidation.
2023-01-10 | GSE221894 | GEO
Project description:High-intensity intermittent exercise training (HIIT) has been proposed as an effective approach for improving both, the aerobic and anaerobic exercise capacity. However, the detailed molecular response of the skeletal muscle to HIIT remains unknown. We examined the effects of the HIIT on the global gene expression in the human skeletal muscle. Eleven young healthy men participated in the study and completed a 6-week HIIT program involving exhaustive 6-7 sets of 20-s cycling periods with 10-s rests. In addition to determining the maximal oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]), maximal accumulated oxygen deficit, and thigh muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), muscle biopsy samples were obtained from the vastus lateralis before and after the training to analyse the skeletal muscle transcriptome. The HIIT program significantly increased the [Formula: see text], maximal accumulated oxygen deficit, and thigh muscle CSA. The expression of 79 genes was significantly elevated (fold-change >1.2), and that of 73 genes was significantly reduced (fold-change <0.8) after HIIT. Gene ontology analysis of the up-regulated genes revealed that the significantly enriched categories were "glucose metabolism", "extracellular matrix", "angiogenesis", and "mitochondrial membrane". By providing information about a set of genes in the human skeletal muscle that responds to the HIIT, the study provided insight into the mechanism of skeletal muscle adaptation to HIIT.
| S-EPMC6235852 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Colorectal and thoracic surgical patients are susceptible to poor postoperative outcome including complications, mortality and increased length of stay. Preoperative physical fitness is protective against poor postoperative outcome in intra-abdominal and thoracic surgery.
The current colorectal/thoracic pathway from diagnosis to surgery is about 2 weeks and therefore interventions of longer duration are not feasible. Clinicians may be presented with a difficult choice in delaying surgery to perform prehab or cancel the pre-op intervention.
To create greater improvements in aerobic fitness, participants are required to exercise at high levels of VO2peak (e.g. ≥80% VO2peak). High intensity interval training (HIIT) requires participants to exercise at high levels of VO2peak (≥80% VO2peak) for short periods (e.g. 15 seconds) followed by a recovery (active or passive) and typically continue this pattern for 30 minutes or until exhaustion.
HIIT programmes are safe and a recent meta-analysis noted that HIIT produced a more pronounced incremental gain in participants’ mean VO2peak when compared with continuous moderate intensity exercise (+1.78mL/kg/min, 95% CI: 0.45-3.11).
HITT has not been investigated as a preoperative intervention to either optimize fitness prior to surgery or reduce post-surgical complications. Preoperative HIIT is an intense intervention which will require significant participant adherence. The safety, cost and clinical application of such a programme needs to be performed. This feasibility study aims to assess the ability of HIIT to improve aerobic fitness two weeks prior to surgery and determine its feasibility.
| 2207678 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:Skeletal muscle tissue is a highly adaptable tissue, responding to the specific demands it is subjected to. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been shown to generate similar, or even greater, molecular changes in skeletal muscle as that of constant load longer-lasting endurance-type training at moderate intensities. Despite shorter exposure times, the higher intensity provided by HIIT training leads to greater metabolic perturbations and thereby larger improvements in mitochondrial content and maximal oxygen uptake. During a period of regular exercise training, the performance improvements follow a non-linear pattern with a relatively faster pace initially and a gradual ‘plateauing-off’ after weeks and months. It is believed that this ‘plateau effect’ is due to a blunting of the molecular responses to acute exercise with exercise training. In the present study we utilised an explorative global transcriptomic approach to investigate the phenomenon of transcriptional-level blunting of the acute exercise response in human skeletal muscle over the course of a three-week HIIT intervention. We hypothesize that the blunting of transcription at this time-point is specific to certain pathways, including metabolic regulation and that these genes have communal transcriptional regulation.
2021-09-01 | GSE163356 | GEO
Project description:Low aerobic exercise capacity is a risk factor for diabetes and strong predictor of mortality; yet some individuals are exercise resistant, and unable to improve exercise capacity through exercise training. To test the hypothesis that resistance to aerobic exercise training underlies metabolic disease-risk, we used selective breeding for 15 generation to develop rat models of low- and high-aerobic response to training. Before exercise training, rats selected as low- and high-responders had similar exercise capacities. However, after 8-wks of treadmill training low-responders failed to improve their exercise capacity, while high-responders improved by 54%. Remarkably, low-responders to aerobic training exhibited pronounced metabolic dysfunction characterized by insulin resistance and increased adiposity, demonstrating that the exercise resistant phenotype segregates with disease risk. Low-responders had impaired exercise-induced angiogenes0is in muscle; however, mitochondrial capacity was intact and increased normally with exercise training, demonstrating that mitochondria are not limiting for aerobic adaptation or responsible for metabolic dysfunction in low-responders. Low-responders had increased stress/inflammatory signaling and altered TGFβ signaling, characterized by hyperphosphorylation of a novel exercise-regulated phosphorylation site on SMAD2. Using this powerful biological model system we have discovered key pathways for low exercise training response that may represent novel targets for the treatment of metabolic disease.
2014-05-23 | GSE57880 | GEO
Project description:How skeletal muscle adapts to different types of exercise intensity with age is not known. Adult and old C57BL/6 male mice were assigned to one of three groups: sedentary, daily high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT), or moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) for 4 weeks, compatible with the older group’s exercise capacity. Improvements in body composition, fasting blood glucose, and muscle strength were mostly observed in the MICT old group, while effects of HIIT training in adult and old animals was less clear. Skeletal muscle exhibited structural and functional adaptations to exercise training, as revealed by electron microscopy, OXPHOS assays, respirometry, and muscle protein biomarkers. Transcriptomics analysis of gastrocnemius muscle combined with liver and serum metabolomics unveiled an age-dependent metabolic remodeling in response to exercise training. These results support a tailored exercise prescription approach aimed at improving health and ameliorating age-associated loss of muscle strength and function in the elderly.
2022-07-06 | GSE175622 | GEO
Project description:Low aerobic exercise capacity is a risk factor for diabetes and strong predictor of mortality; yet some individuals are exercise resistant, and unable to improve exercise capacity through exercise training. To test the hypothesis that resistance to aerobic exercise training underlies metabolic disease-risk, we used selective breeding for 15 generation to develop rat models of low- and high-aerobic response to training. Before exercise training, rats selected as low- and high-responders had similar exercise capacities. However, after 8-wks of treadmill training low-responders failed to improve their exercise capacity, while high-responders improved by 54%. Remarkably, low-responders to aerobic training exhibited pronounced metabolic dysfunction characterized by insulin resistance and increased adiposity, demonstrating that the exercise resistant phenotype segregates with disease risk. Low-responders had impaired exercise-induced angiogenes0is in muscle; however, mitochondrial capacity was intact and increased normally with exercise training, demonstrating that mitochondria are not limiting for aerobic adaptation or responsible for metabolic dysfunction in low-responders. Low-responders had increased stress/inflammatory signaling and altered TGFM-NM-2 signaling, characterized by hyperphosphorylation of a novel exercise-regulated phosphorylation site on SMAD2. Using this powerful biological model system we have discovered key pathways for low exercise training response that may represent novel targets for the treatment of metabolic disease. Cardiac and skeletal muscle from 3 high and 3 low responder rats were examined for differential miRNA expression using Exiqon microarrays
2014-05-23 | E-GEOD-57880 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Combining resistance and endurance exercises in a training regime (concurrent training) can impair improvements in muscle hypertrophy, strength, and power compared to resistance training alone. Here we aimed to characterize skeletal muscle transcriptomic changes following chronic concurrent training to determine whether contraction-induced gene expression may reveal molecular underpinnings explaining impaired adaptations. Eighteen young, healthy male participants underwent 12 weeks of resistance, endurance, or concurrent training. Maximal strength, aerobic capacity, and anaerobic power were assessed. Transcriptomics were performed on skeletal muscle biopsies obtained pre and post-intervention. Improvements to maximal anaerobic power are impaired with concurrent and endurance training. Gene expression related to plasma membrane structures was enriched while gene expression related to regulation of mRNA processing and protein degradation was suppressed with concurrent training. Considerable overlap of gene expression related to extracellular matrix remodeling was observed between concurrent and endurance training. Our results provide the first comprehensive comparison of unique and overlapping gene sets enriched following chronic resistance, endurance, and concurrent training, and reveals pathways that may have implications in relation to impaired adaptations when undertaking concurrent training.
2023-04-01 | GSE137832 | GEO