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A novel CD4+ T cell population expanded in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) blood provides B cell help through IL10 and succinate

ABSTRACT: A better understanding of the molecular and cellular factors involved in human plasma cell differentiation will accelerate therapeutic target identification in autoantibody-mediated diseases such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Here, we describe a novel CXCR3+ PD1hi CD4+ T cell ‘helper’ population expanded in blood and inflamed kidneys of SLE patients. Upon activation, these cells express IFNg and IL10 and display high levels of mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) as the result of reverse electron transfer (RET) fueled by succinate. Furthermore, T cell-derived succinate synergizes with IL10 to provide B cell help. Cells with similar phenotype and function are generated in vitro upon priming naive CD4+ T cells with oxidized mitochondrial DNA (Ox mtDNA)- activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in a PD1-dependent manner. Our results provide a novel mechanism for the initiation and/or perpetuation of extrafollicular humoral responses in SLE.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE109843 | GEO | 2018/09/26

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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A novel CD4+ T cell population expanded in SLE blood provides B cell help through IL10 and succinate

Project description:A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in human plasma cell differentiation will accelerate therapeutic target identification in autoantibody-mediated diseases such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Here, we describe a novel CXCR5- CXCR3+ PD1hi CD4+ T cell ‘helper’ population distinct from follicular helper T cells (Tfh) and expanded in blood and inflamed kidneys of SLE patients. Upon activation, these cells express IFNand high levels of IL10. Additionally, they accumulate high amounts of mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) as the result of reverse electron transport (RET) fueled by succinate. These cells provide potent help to B cells through the synergistic effect of IL10 and succinate. Cells with similar phenotype and function are generated in vitro upon priming naïve CD4+ T cells with oxidized mitochondrial DNA (Ox mtDNA)-activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in a PD1-dependent manner. Our results provide a novel mechanism for the initiation and/or perpetuation of extrafollicular humoral responses in SLE.

2018-09-26 | GSE118951 | GEO

Interleukin 10 and succinate synergize to provide B cell help in human lupus

Project description:Autoantibodies against nucleic acids are a hallmark of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. We recently uncovered that human oxidized DNA of mitochondrial origin released by activated lupus neutrophils represents a distinct class of interferogenic TLR9 ligand for plasmacytoid dendritic cells. We now show that oxidized mitochondrial DNA-activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells skew naïve CD4+ T cells towards IL2low, IFNγhigh, IL10high secreting B helper cells different from follicular helper and Type 1 regulatory CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, PD1-induced succinate and mitochondrial ROS accumulation revoke anergy, while IL10 and succinate synergize to deliver B cell help. We provide evidence that IL10-producing CD4+ T cells infiltrate the SLE kidney insterstitium, where they might play a role in extrafollicular B cell responses. Thus, we describe a novel B cell helper pathway that links innate and adaptive immunity alterations in human lupus.

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A novel CD4 T cell population expanded in SLE blood provides B cell help through IL10 and succinate [ATAC-seq]

Project description:ATAC-seq analysis of CD4 T cell populations obtained in blood of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. The overall goal of this study was to determine chromatin accessibility profiles in Tfh cells and CXCR3+ PD1hi CD4+ T cells obtained from blood of SLE donors.

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A novel CD4+ T cell population expanded in SLE blood provides B cell help through IL10 and succinate

Project description:A novel CD4+ T cell population expanded in SLE blood provides B cell help through IL10 and succinate

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Succinate diminishes biological activity and mitochondrial function of human adipose-derived stem cells

Project description:Alterations in succinate levels have been associated with various metabolic and inflammatory diseases. However, little is currently known about whether adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) undergo changes when exposed to succinate. Here, we investigate the biological properties, mitochondrial function and immunophenotype of ADSCs treated with succinate. We observed that reduced biological activity of ADSCs following by succinate stimulated. Of note, succinate treated-ADSCs exhibit mitochondrial dysfunctions, including increased mitochondrial fragments, decreased mitochondrial mass, increased ROS production, reduced Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Furthermore, transcriptome analysis revealed that the downregulation of genes involved in cell proliferation, OXPHOS and metabolism, whereas the signaling pathways related to cancer, apoptosis, inflammation were upregulated upon succinate treatment. The findings indicate that ADSCs exposed to succinate exhibit signs of mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and a significant decrease in biological activity.

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A novel CD4 T cell population expanded in SLE blood provides B cell help through IL10 and succinate [ATAC-seq]

Project description:A novel CD4 T cell population expanded in SLE blood provides B cell help through IL10 and succinate [ATAC-seq]

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A novel CD4+ T cell population expanded in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) blood provides B cell help through IL10 and succinate

Project description:A novel CD4+ T cell population expanded in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) blood provides B cell help through IL10 and succinate

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Gene expression profiles between mtROShigh and mtROSlow cells dissociated from E14.5 neocortical cells were compared by microarray

Project description:sample collection protocol:We used FACS to separate the E14.5 neocortical cells into high mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) and low mitochondrial ROS cell populations and compared their expression profiles. Transition of progenitors through progressive stages of differentiation probably involves dynamic changes in mtROS levels, depending on the needs of the cell. We found that the progenitors had higher levels of mtROS, but these levels significantly decreased with differentiation.

2017-03-30 | E-MTAB-5438 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Itaconate links inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase with macrophage metabolic remodeling and regulation of inflammation

Project description:Remodeling of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is a metabolic adaptation mechanism accompanying inflammatory macrophage activation. During this process, endogenous metabolites can adopt regulatory roles that govern specific aspects of inflammatory response, as recently shown for succinate, which regulates the downstream pro-inflammatory IL-1β-HIF1a axis. Itaconate is one of the most highly induced metabolites in activated macrophages, yet its functional significance remains unknown. Here, we show that itaconate modulates macrophage metabolism and effector functions via its effect on succinate dehydrogenase, by inhibiting conversion of succinate to fumarate. Through this action, itaconate exerts anti-inflammatory effects when administered in vitro and in vivo during macrophage activation and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Using newly generated Irg1-/- mice, which lack the ability to produce itaconate, we show that endogenous itaconate regulates succinate levels and function, changes in mitochondrial respiration, and inflammatory cytokine production during macrophage activation. These studies highlight itaconate as a major physiological regulator of the global metabolic rewiring and effector functions of inflammatory macrophages.

2016-07-01 | GSE82043 | GEO

Itaconate links inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase with macrophage metabolic remodeling and regulation of inflammation

Project description:Remodeling of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is a metabolic adaptation mechanism accompanying inflammatory macrophage activation. During this process, endogenous metabolites can adopt regulatory roles that govern specific aspects of inflammatory response, as recently shown for succinate, which regulates the downstream pro-inflammatory IL-1Î²-HIF1a axis. Itaconate is one of the most highly induced metabolites in activated macrophages, yet its functional significance remains unknown. Here, we show that itaconate modulates macrophage metabolism and effector functions via its effect on succinate dehydrogenase, by inhibiting conversion of succinate to fumarate. Through this action, itaconate exerts anti-inflammatory effects when administered in vitro and in vivo during macrophage activation and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Using newly generated Irg1-/- mice, which lack the ability to produce itaconate, we show that endogenous itaconate regulates succinate levels and function, changes in mitochondrial respiration, and inflammatory cytokine production during macrophage activation. These studies highlight itaconate as a major physiological regulator of the global metabolic rewiring and effector functions of inflammatory macrophages. Experiment 1: mature WT BMDM were treated for 12h with 0.25 mM dimethyl itaconate (DI) or vehicle (Unst) and then stimulated with LPS (E. coli 0111:B4; 100 ng/ml, 4h) (DI+LPS; LPS); Experiment 2: mature Irg1-/- BMDM were stimulated with LPS (E. coli 0111:B4; 100 ng/ml) and murine recombinant IFNg (50 ng/ml) for 24h.

2016-07-01 | E-GEOD-82043 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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