RNAs Interact with BRD4 to Promote Enhanced Chromatin Engagement and Transcription Activation
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE110473 | GEO | 2018/07/18
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The bromodomain and extra-terminal motif (BET) protein BRD4 binds to acetylated histones at enhancers and promoters via its bromodomains (BDs) to regulate transcriptional elongation. In human colorectal cancer cells, we found that BRD4 was recruited to enhancers that were co-occupied by mutant p53 and supported the synthesis of enhancer-directed transcripts (eRNAs) in response to chronic immune signaling. BRD4 selectively associated with eRNAs that were produced from BRD4-bound enhancers. Using biochemical and biophysical methods, we found that BRD4 BDs function cooperatively as docking sites for eRNAs and that the BDs of BRD2, BRD3, BRDT, BRG1, and BRD7 directly interact with eRNAs. BRD4-eRNA interactions increased BRD4 binding to acetylated histones in vitro and augmented BRD4 enhancer recruitment and transcriptional cofactor activities. Our results suggest a mechanism by which eRNAs are directly involved in gene regulation by modulating enhancer interactions and transcriptional functions of BRD4.
| S-EPMC6859054 | biostudies-literature
Project description:RNAs Interact with BRD4 to Promote Enhanced Chromatin Engagement and Transcription Activation
| PRJNA433832 | ENA
Project description:The estrogen receptor-α (ERα) is a transcription factor which plays a critical role in controlling cell proliferation and tumorigenesis by recruiting various cofactors to estrogen response elements (EREs) to induce or repress gene transcription. A deeper understanding of these transcriptional mechanisms may uncover novel therapeutic targets for ERα-dependent cancers. Here we show for the first time that BRD4 regulates ERα−induced gene expression by affecting elongation-associated phosphorylation of RNA Polymerase II (RNAPII P-Ser2) and histone H2B monoubiquitination (H2Bub1). Consistently, BRD4 activity is required for estrogen-induced proliferation of ER+ breast and endometrial cancer cells and uterine growth in mice. Genome-wide occupancy studies revealed an enrichment of BRD4 on transcriptional start sites as well as EREs enriched for H3K27ac and demonstrate a requirement for BRD4 for H2B monoubiquitination in the transcribed region of estrogen-responsive genes. Importantly, we further demonstrate that BRD4 occupancy correlates with active mRNA transcription and is required for the production of ERα-dependent enhancer RNAs (eRNAs). These results uncover BRD4 as a central regulator of ERα function and potential therapeutic target. ChIP-sequencing of BRD4, ERα and H2Bub1 in MCF7 cells treated with +/- estrogen treatment and or +/- JQ1 treatment in triplicates.
2014-07-10 | E-GEOD-55921 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The estrogen receptor-M-NM-1 (ERM-NM-1) is a transcription factor which plays a critical role in controlling cell proliferation and tumorigenesis by recruiting various cofactors to estrogen response elements (EREs) to induce or repress gene transcription. A deeper understanding of these transcriptional mechanisms may uncover novel therapeutic targets for ERM-NM-1-dependent cancers. Here we show for the first time that BRD4 regulates ERM-NM-1M-bM-^HM-^Rinduced gene expression by affecting elongation-associated phosphorylation of RNA Polymerase II (RNAPII P-Ser2) and histone H2B monoubiquitination (H2Bub1). Consistently, BRD4 activity is required for estrogen-induced proliferation of ER+ breast and endometrial cancer cells and uterine growth in mice. Genome-wide occupancy studies revealed an enrichment of BRD4 on transcriptional start sites as well as EREs enriched for H3K27ac and demonstrate a requirement for BRD4 for H2B monoubiquitination in the transcribed region of estrogen-responsive genes. Importantly, we further demonstrate that BRD4 occupancy correlates with active mRNA transcription and is required for the production of ERM-NM-1-dependent enhancer RNAs (eRNAs). These results uncover BRD4 as a central regulator of ERM-NM-1 function and potential therapeutic target. mRNA expression profiles of MCF7 cells treated with +/- estrogen treatment under negative control siRNA, BRD4 siRNA or JQ1 treatment, in duplicates.
2014-07-10 | E-GEOD-55922 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Transcriptional elongation by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is regulated by positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) in association with Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4). We used genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing in primary human CD4+ T cells to reveal that BRD4 co-localizes with Ser2-phosphorylated Pol II (Pol II Ser2) at both enhancers and promoters of active genes. Disruption of bromodomain:histone acetylation interactions by JQ1, a small-molecule bromodomain inhibitor, resulted in decreased BRD4 binding, reduced Pol II Ser2, and reduced expression of lineage-specific genes in primary human CD4+ T cells. A large number of JQ1-disrupted BRD4 binding regions exhibited di-acetylated H4 (lysine-5 and -8) and H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac), which correlated with the presence of histone acetyltransferases and deacetylases. Genes associated with BRD4/H3K27ac co-occupancy exhibited significantly higher activity than those associated with H3K27ac or BRD4 binding alone. Comparison of BRD4 binding in T cells and in human embryonic stem cells revealed that enhancer BRD4 binding sites were predominantly lineage-specific. Our findings suggest that BRD4-driven Pol II phosphorylation at serine 2 plays an important role in regulating lineage-specific gene transcription in human CD4+ T cells. Examination of BRD4, total Pol II, serine 2 phosphorylated Pol II and serine 5 phosphorylated Pol II binding in CD4+ T cells (with and without JQ1 treatment) and BRD4 binding in human embryonic stems cell; PolyA RNA expression in CD4+ T cells( with and without JQ1 treatment) using RNA-seq
2012-11-14 | E-GEOD-33281 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In addition to acetylation, histones are modified by a series of competing longer chain acylations. Most of these acylation marks are enriched and co-exist with acetylation on active gene regulatory elements. Their seemingly redundant functions have hindered the understanding of histone acylations’ specific roles. Here, by using an acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) cell model and blasts from B-ALL patients, we demonstrate a role for mitochondrial activity in controlling histone acylation/acetylation ratio, especially at H4K5. An increase of the crotonylation and butyrylation over acetylation on H4K5 weakens BRD4-chromatin interaction and increases BRD4 nuclear mobility and availability for binding transcription start site associated nucleosome free regions of active genes. Our data suggest that, with regard to BRD4 dynamics, histone acylations including acetylation, should be considered collectively. A metabolism dependant control of the histone acetylation/longer chain acylation(s) ratio could constitute a common mechanism regulating bromodomain factors’ “reservoir” pool, availability and functional genomic distribution.
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Project description:In addition to acetylation, histones are modified by a series of competing longer chain acylations. Most of these acylation marks are enriched and co-exist with acetylation on active gene regulatory elements. Their seemingly redundant functions have hindered the understanding of histone acylations’ specific roles. Here, by using an acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) cell model and blasts from B-ALL patients, we demonstrate a role for mitochondrial activity in controlling histone acylation/acetylation ratio, especially at H4K5. An increase of the crotonylation and butyrylation over acetylation on H4K5 weakens BRD4-chromatin interaction and increases BRD4 nuclear mobility and availability for binding transcription start site associated nucleosome free regions of active genes. Our data suggest that, with regard to BRD4 dynamics, histone acylations including acetylation, should be considered collectively. A metabolism dependant control of the histone acetylation/longer chain acylation(s) ratio could constitute a common mechanism regulating bromodomain factors’ “reservoir” pool, availability and functional genomic distribution.
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Project description:In addition to acetylation, histones are modified by a series of competing longer chain acylations. Most of these acylation marks are enriched and co-exist with acetylation on active gene regulatory elements. Their seemingly redundant functions have hindered the understanding of histone acylations’ specific roles. Here, by using an acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) cell model and blasts from B-ALL patients, we demonstrate a role for mitochondrial activity in controlling histone acylation/acetylation ratio, especially at H4K5. An increase of the crotonylation and butyrylation over acetylation on H4K5 weakens BRD4-chromatin interaction and increases BRD4 nuclear mobility and availability for binding transcription start site associated nucleosome free regions of active genes. Our data suggest that, with regard to BRD4 dynamics, histone acylations including acetylation, should be considered collectively. A metabolism dependant control of the histone acetylation/longer chain acylation(s) ratio could constitute a common mechanism regulating bromodomain factors’ “reservoir” pool, availability and functional genomic distribution.
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Project description:In addition to acetylation, histones are modified by a series of competing longer chain acylations. Most of these acylation marks are enriched and co-exist with acetylation on active gene regulatory elements. Their seemingly redundant functions have hindered the understanding of histone acylations’ specific roles. Here, by using an acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) cell model and blasts from B-ALL patients, we demonstrate a role for mitochondrial activity in controlling histone acylation/acetylation ratio, especially at H4K5. An increase of the crotonylation and butyrylation over acetylation on H4K5 weakens BRD4-chromatin interaction and increases BRD4 nuclear mobility and availability for binding transcription start site associated nucleosome free regions of active genes. Our data suggest that, with regard to BRD4 dynamics, histone acylations including acetylation, should be considered collectively. A metabolism dependant control of the histone acetylation/longer chain acylation(s) ratio could constitute a common mechanism regulating bromodomain factors’ “reservoir” pool, availability and functional genomic distribution.
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Project description:In addition to acetylation, histones are modified by a series of competing longer chain acylations. Most of these acylation marks are enriched and co-exist with acetylation on active gene regulatory elements. Their seemingly redundant functions have hindered the understanding of histone acylations’ specific roles. Here, by using an acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) cell model and blasts from B-ALL patients, we demonstrate a role for mitochondrial activity in controlling histone acylation/acetylation ratio, especially at H4K5. An increase of the crotonylation and butyrylation over acetylation on H4K5 weakens BRD4-chromatin interaction and increases BRD4 nuclear mobility and availability for binding transcription start site associated nucleosome free regions of active genes. Our data suggest that, with regard to BRD4 dynamics, histone acylations including acetylation, should be considered collectively. A metabolism dependant control of the histone acetylation/longer chain acylation(s) ratio could constitute a common mechanism regulating bromodomain factors’ “reservoir” pool, availability and functional genomic distribution.
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